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ENGLISH SYNONYMES

EXPLAINED

IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER

WITH COPIOUS ILLUSTRATIONS AND EXAMPLES DRAWN
FROM THE BEST WRITERS

TO WHICH IS NOW ADDED AN INDEX TO THE WORDS

BY

GEORGE CRABB, A.M.

NEW EDITION WITH ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS

'Sed cum idem frequentissimè plura significent quod ovvvvia vocatur, jam sunt aliis
alia honestiora, sublimiora, nitidiora, jucundiora, vocaliora."
QUINTIL INST. ORAT. lib. iz

NEW YORK AND LONDON

HARPER & BROTHERS PUBLISHERS

1904

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PREFACE.

It may seem surprising that the English, who have employed their talents successfully in every branch of literature, and in none more than in that of philology, should yet have fallen below other nations in the study of their synonymes. It cannot, however, be denied that, while the French and Germans have had several considerable works on the subject, we have not a single writer who has treated it in a scientific manner adequate to its importance: not that I wish by this remark to depreciate the labors of those who have preceded me, but simply to assign it as a reason why I have now been induced to come forward with an attempt to fill up what is considered a chasm in English literature.

In the prosecution of my undertaking, I have profited by everything which has been written in any language upon the subject; and although I always pursued my own train of thought, yet whenever I met with anything deserving of notice I adopted it, and referred it to the author in a note. I had not proceeded far before I found it necessary to restrict myself in the choice of my materials, and accordingly laid it down as a rule not to compare any words together which were sufficiently distinguished from each other by striking features in their signification, such as abandon and quit, which require a comparison with others, though not necessarily with themselves; for the same reason I was obliged to limit myself, as a rule, to one authority for each word, unless where the case seemed to require further exemplification. But, notwithstanding all my care in this respect, I was compelled to curtail much of what I had written, for fear of increasing the volume to an inconvenient size.

Although a work of this description does not afford much scope for system and arrangement, yet I laid down to myself the plan of arranging the words according to the extent or universality of their acceptation, placing those first which had the most general sense and application, and the rest in order. By this plan I found myself greatly aided in analyzing their differences, and I trust that the reader will thereby be equally benefited. In the choice of authorities. I have been guided by various considerations,

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