The corporation taxes of the City are at the rate of 86 cts. per $100. of N. Liberties 50 per 100. of Kensington 50 do. of Penn T. 50 do. of Southwark 60 do. 85 do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do. Moyamensing exclusive of poor tax
The poor taxes assessed on the city and districts un-
der the care of the Guardians is at the rate of 22 cts. per
$100 and amount to
$88,508 69
Of which the City pays

N. Liberties

59,136 29
10,686 01

Do. unincorporated, 2,134 25

Kensington

3,503 55

6,807 69

Total

1,146,398 Average 15 36

From these tables it appears that while the 8 eastern wards, (which were rated in 1826 to be worth $14,908,571 and in 1829,$15,595,159) have increased only at the rate of 4.60 per cent.-the 7 western wards (which in 1826 were valued at 7,461,229 and in 1829 at 8,607,627) have increased at the rate of 15.36 per cent.—thus furnishing a striking proof that the improvements are ra pidly advancing toward the western part of the citywhich must be attributed to the rapid increase of popu lation and to the facilities affo:ded to the trade of the Schuylkill by means of canals, and to the introduction of coal-and furnishes also a pleasing pr sage of the future extent and value of that part of the city, when the buildings on the Schuylkill will be as numerous as they now are on the Delaware, and whon, by the completion of the Pennsylvania canal and the Columbia rail road, the The corporation tax for the City amounts to $222,805 58 products of the remote parts of the state, shall be transN. Liberties 21,269 80 ported at a small expense to our wharves-This view Kensington 6,237 37 of the subject, therefore shews how important it is to Penn Township 9,253 63 this City that these public works should not be retarded Southwark 14,686 17-and that the great trade which they must open to us, 4,737 15 should not be diverted from us into other channels.

Penn T.
Southwark

6,240 90

The remaining districts of the county support their own poor and levy their own poor taxes. The poor tax of Moyamensing is 40 cts per $100 or 3,073 52.

Do

Do

Do

Do

The almost stationary value of the eastern parts of the city, which have usually been considered the business part of it-would at first view seem to indicate a comparative declension of property from some cause or other-but we believe upon inquiry that this is not the fact -but that on the contrary property there is at as high a price now as it was some years previously to the assess ment; yet when it is considered, that there is very little room for further improvements by building, and that family residences are generally occupying the western portion of the city, and that consequently many stores Or at the rate of 8.20 per cent. are following the tide of population; and that foreign The value of the remaining portions of the county in- commerce has declined; it is probable that property in cluding the districts was in 1826 14,910,641 the eastern wards has, for the present, attained its maxi16,549,001 mum value, and must so continue, until a new impulse is given to trade in that quarter. It therefore becomes an important inquiry how this impulse is to be given.-For a revival of foreign commerce, there seems to be very little encouragement to hope-we must therefore, look for it from some other quarter. Judging from the effects of the improvements of the Schuylkill,on property in its vicinity-it is reasonable to calculate that like effects would be produced by the completion of the public work already commenced and now in progress on the Delaware, and by connecting them with others which are deemed practicable-and calculated to bring to us a considerable portion of the Susquehanna trade by means of the Nescopec canal; and the trade of the western parts of New York, by water communications which it is thought by many may be made.

As connected with this subject,-the opening of the

LAW CASE.

267

Chesapeake and Delaware canal must be hailed as a very Essentials of a Recognizance for an Appeal from the important event to this city, as a portion of the Susquenanna trade will no doubt find its way to this city thro' it.

The 7 wards of the NORTHERN LIBERTIES were asses

Rate per cent.
of increase.

Stroud

judgment of a Justice.

vs. C. P. No. 6. Sept. 1827.

Akel. S

3,526.294
3,994,961 The only difficulty felt by the court in this case arises
from some recent decisions of the supreme court,
468,667 which are supposed to establish that such a recogni-
zance as that taken and certified by the Justice in this
case is a nullity on which no recovery can be had. If
this position can be well founded, it is much to be re-
gretted, for it is doubtful whether there is a recogni-
zance taken in any appeal on our records more formal;
and certain it is that very many are much less so. -The
results of a judgment for the defendant are therefore
easy to be imagined. Still, if the justice has not in
this instance conformed to what our superior tribunal
has authoritively pronounced to be the law; the stern
principle of jurisprudence points out our duty, let con-
sequences be what they may. Then, however much
public evil arises from a particular course of decision,

3 04 13 14 6 74 20 87 17 82 28 73 19 11

The unincorporated N. L. are not assessed as much although such a consideration cannot properly give à in 1829 as in 1826, by $2,985.

513,588
579,462

particular direction to an adjudication, yet it properly requires us to see our way quite clear in pronouncing it.

The act of Assembly under which this recognizance was taken, requires, that on an appeal from the deci 65,874 sion of a Justice of the Peace, the bail "to be taken by the Justice shall be conditioned for the appearance of the party appealing at the next court of common pleas, to prosecute his suit with effect, and on failure thereof that the bail will, on or before the first day of the next term after judgment shall be rendered against the principal, surrender him to the gaol of the proper county."

446,370
543,915

97,545

163,419 or

The transcript of the justice, setting forth the recognizance on which this proceeding has been instituted, 2,305,430 is as follows: "Now, Nov. 20th, 1826, Defendant ap2,636,114 pealed from the annexed judgment against him to the next court of common pleas in and for the county of

MOYAMENSING has increased 112,202, or at the rate of 18.34 per cent.

Increase at the rate of 13 36 per cent. or 330,684 Philadelphia.-Recognizance by defendant and Jeremi. The corporation assessment is $1,764,924 ah Akel each in the sum of $90, conditioned that defendant prosecutes his appeal with effect," which entry was signed by the original defendant and Akel the bail. It is certain that neither the precise language of, nor all that is strictly demanded by the act of Assembly, is here set forth, but there is "substance capable of being worked inte form." In the Commonwealth vs. Emery, 133,705 2 Binn. 431, a recognizance at common law, much more bold and disjointed was held sufficient and for the satis793,787 factory reasons, "that in all countries there are particu992 933 lar modes of doing business which are known and regarded by their courts; and that in this Commonwealth the records of courts of justice consist principally of short entries not reduced to form; that it was sufficient if these entries contained substance capable of being worked into form; and that it was reasonable to apply the same rule to recognizances taken by magistrates out of court." Whenever the proceedings of justices of the peace have come before our courts, they have felt the necessity of treating them with liberality and not scanning them with too cursory an cye. The late Judge Duncan, on this subject, remarks, that "when indulgence is extended where regularity should be looked for, it ought not less to prevail in proceedings before justices of the peace, where knowledge of legal forms is not to be expected, and where if forms were strictly regarded, the jurisdiction would be extinguished." Cockran vs. Parker, 6 Serg. & Rawle, 552.

or at the rate of 25 09 per cent.
Total increase of E. and W. Southwark 332,851 or
16.30 per cent.

PASSYUNK has increased 49,104 or 8 45 per cent.
BLOCKLEY

indeed, when it is remembered how perpetually our streets are thronged with wagons, at all hours in the day, the sum will not be thought exaggerated.

et entry, and that the recognizance was taken in due form of law, in double the amount of debt and costs, amounting to 74 dollars 12 cents, John Cockran the bail, fully consenting thereto." Although the decision The profits realized by burning and selling of Charof the S. Court refusing to sustain the dismissal of this coal are enormous. Out of a load which sells for ten appeal by the common pleas, went on the ground of dollars, a profit of 5 dollars is made, clear of all expenacquiescence. Yet the able judge considered that this ses: and when it is retailed at 28 to 31 cents a barrel, an contained the substance of a legal recognizance; the additional gain of about two dollars on the load is the reparties' names, cognizor and cognizee; and the amount sult. If this profit is realized now, how enormous must and purpose for which it was taken."-In the Common-it have been last winter, when Charcoal was scarce at wealth vs. Emery, a recognizance containing these half a dollar per barrel. Several individuals had large essentials was the foundation of the judgment of the yards filled during the summer, in expectation of the court, which reversed a decision of Judge Rush, who winter's demand, when the closing of the navigation held such an inartificial paper to be no evidence of a would cut off all additional supplies from Jersey. As legal recognizance. From the Commonwealth vs. Eme-fuel became scarce, they demanded the extortionate ry, in 1810, down to Cockran vs. Parker in 1821, the price of half a dollar per barrel, and received it for nearreasoning and adjudications of the Supreme Court, are ly the whole amount of the immense stock they had on in our judgment with this plaintiff. Subsequent adju- hand-thus, realizing, out of the distresses of the peodications are, however, supposed to have introduced ple, a most exorbitantly unfair profit. new and more rigid doctrines, and that by their stanThe impositions practised upon our citizens by the dard must this recognizance be rendered. The cases alluded to, however, do not, to our apprehension, mo- venders of Charcoal have been frequently complained dify or vary any previous settled principle of our juris- of in the newspapers, and are well known to house-keepprudence, but are decided solely on their own circum-ers generally; yet no measures have been taken to regstances. In the first of them, "King vs. Cubbertson, ulate the sale of the article, and thus to do away their 10th Serg. & Rawle 325, the justice took a recogni- tlemen have engaged from ten to twenty barrels of a zance on an appeal conditioned," that Alexander Osburn should appear at the next court of common pleas, man in the street, at 28 cents per barrel, and sent him to be holden for the County of Franklin, and prosecute to the purchaser's house, with directions there to be the said suit with effect; and on failure thereof, he, the paid. The wagoner, on delivering the charcoal, has said John King, the bail of the said Alexander Osburn, demanded, and insisted on receiving, 37 cents from the would pay the debt and costs on the said suit to the lady of the house, saying that was the price which her husband had agreed to pay. plaintiff."

Here was not the case of an informal recognizance, but of one remarkably precise in its terms, into which was introduced an all important condition not authorized by law, to wit: an absolute obligation from the bail, to pay debt and costs in the event of a failure by the ap. pellant to prosecute his appeal with effect, when the law rendered this obligation contingent and dependent on a failure by the bail to surrender his principal within a prescribed period. This also seems to us to be the doctrine of Bolton vs. Robinson, 13 Serg. and Rawle 193, and of Donaldson vs. Cunningham, 13 Sergt. and Rawle, 245. Besides these latter cases arose from proceeding in court, under a different act of Assembly from that under consideration, in which the form of recognizance designated by law, was totally departed from: whereas, in this case, the stipulation to prosecute the appeal with effect,' is one of the precise conditions directed, and the recognizance if defective at all, is only so from not setting out all the conditions which might have been inserted in a more formal instrument. In Bolton vs. Robinson, the court intimate a distinction between a condition of several parts, some of which are good and some bad, and one wholly bad. Without entering into this learning our judgment is, that the analogy of the cases relied on by the defendant are too remote to countervail the more positive authority of the Commonwealth vs. Emery, and of Cockran vs. Parker. There must be judgment for the plaintiff.

U. S. Gax.

THE CHARCOAL TRADE. Few of our citizens, although they are eternally beset by Charcoal Jemmies, have any idea of the extent to which this business has already arrived in Philadelphia. Not less than eighty wagons are daily in our streets, yending this now indispensable article of fuel, and each teamster generally contrives to sell out his load during the day. A load is worth 10 dollars wholesale, or about 15 dollars if retailed out by the barrel. Thus, if eighty loads are sold daily, at ten dollars each, we have an amount equal to eight hundred dollars, expended every day in this city for Charcoal. The sum may appear too great to be correct; but we are assured by those well acquainted with the trade, that it is a fair estimate; and

dishonest tricks. We have know n instances where gen

So great and undiminished is the demand for this new article of fuel, that snug fortunes have been already realized by several individuals in and near Camden, while others, but recently embarked in the business, are rapidly arriving at the same desirable goal. The burning process is carried on in every direction around Camden.Some manufacturers are located as far distant as twenty miles from the same place, in the heart of the dense pine lands of New Jersey; yet, with all the expense attending the transportation of an article so bulky, an enormous profit is still realized on the sale of it. We look upon the introduction of stone coal as the main cause of starting this new business. Thus the state of Pennsylvania, while she enriches herself from new resources existing altogether within herself, scatters a large portion of the funds realized by the coal trade into the hands of her less fertile sister state. Indeed, the discovery of anthracite may be considered of nearly as much present advantage to New Jersey as that discovery is to Pennsylvania herself. Yet, while it creates a steady demand for these forests of pines, which but a few years ago were wholly useless, it affords, as an offset to the golden shower now rained down upon her, the gloomy pro3pect of laying bare the barren fields on which her for ests flourish, unfit for cultivation, and for the next half century, incapable of yielding even a second crop pine.-Saturday Bulletin.

of

OPENING OF THE CHESAPEAKE & DELA-
WARE CANAL.

This work, one of the most important to the city of Philadelphia and indeed to the United States, having been completed and ready for navigation, it was determined to celebrate the event with appropriate ceremo nies. A letter was accordingly addressed to the President of the United States, requesting him to fix a day on which it would be convenient for him to attend and join in the festivities of the occasion. Official engage ments however having prevented his acceptance of the invitation, on Saturday last, the 17th inst. was selected. The Governors of the States of Pennsylvania, Mary. land, and Delaware, with others of the principal offi cers, were also invited, and a number of gentlemen

1829.]

CHESAPEAKE & DELAWARE CANAL.

269

from those states, as well as from the city of Philadel-length being 133 miles. The work was commenced on phia. the 15th of April, 1824; and the first excavation made by my worthy predecessor, in the station of Chairman of the Committee of Works-the lamented Silas E. Wier; who began with us in this enterprise with his accustomed ardor, and faithfully performed the duties of that of fice, as he did those of every other in which he was engaged, until the hand of death terminated his career of usefulness.

At 7 o'clock, the President, several of the Directors, and the Secretary of the Company, left Arch st. wharf in the new and splendid steam-boat William Penn.They were accompanied by upwards of two hundred persons, among whom were Mr. Livingston and Mr. Johnson, of the Senate; Mr. Hemphill, Mr. Miller, Mr. Sutherland, of the House of Representatives, Judge Hopkinson, Mr. Sergeant, the Mayor and Recorder of the city, Judge Coxe, Count Eugene Ney, Mr. De Wallenstein,of the Russian Legation, Admiral Sir Isaac Coffin, Col. Miller of the marine corps, Mr. W. Beach Law rence of New-York, and a number of other distinguished citizens and strangers. The Company of Washing ton Greys, with an excellent band of music, were also on board, and by their soldier-like and gentlemanly conduct added greatly to the interest of the ceremonies.At Chester the boat stopped to receive Commodore Porter, Mr. Leiper, Mr. Miner, Judge Anderson, and a number of gentlemen of the neighborhood; and at New Castle the party were joined by Mr. Johns, the representative in Congress, Mr Rogers, the Attorney General, and many other gentlemen of Delaware.

Your passage along the canal has afforded a general view of it; but that can give you no adequate idea of the difficulties which have been encountered in its accomplishment. In the marshes, on the lower level, you merely saw banks of about fifteen feet in height; but you are perhaps yet to learn, that a considerable proportion of these apparently small embankments are from twenty to sixty feet, and probably some parts 100 feet, below the surface of the marsh; having sunk these depths before they found a solid foundation on which to rest. And some estimate may be made of the earth that was thus swallowed up, when you are informed that it required the continued labour of about 200 men for nearly three years, and involved an expenditure of several hundred thousand dollars, to complete this part of the work. But it is done. Difficulties of another kind were encountered in the deep cutting, where the excavation for about four miles ranges from fifteen to seventy-six feet through various strata of alluvial formation. Some of them composed of indurated clay, and others of quick sand, not only retarded the work by the difficulty of their removal, but increased its cost by causing immense masses of the sides of the canal to fall in.

About half after ten the William Penn reached Delaware City, the entrance of the Canal, where two other steam-boats full of passengers had already arrived. Af ter a salute from the artillery on the pier, the company entered the barges on the Canal, which were waiting, and proceeded along it to the Lock at St. George's, where the United States Schooner Engineer was lying, decorated with flags, and from which a national salute was fired. At the Summit Bridge the barges passed the brig Sciot, the banks being lined with crowds of To prevent a recurrence of these disasters, the banks persons from the surrounding country. About two o'- have been supported by some thousands of deeply dri clock the barges reached the Western Locks, and pas- ven piles, and by a stone wall of about thirteen feet in sed into the waters of the Chesapeake amid the buzzas height, from two to five feet in thickness, and extendof the crowd and the noise of artillery. At this place ing upwards of three and a half miles in length, on many distinguished gentlemen of Maryland were collec- each side. These measures, although they have added ted together, and some time was spent in examining much to the security of the work, have also greatly addthe works, which appeared to give very general satis-ed to the original estimate of its cost, as they were not faction. Before leaving this place to return, Mr. Robert contemplated. M. Lewis, Chairman of the Committee of Works, announced to the President the completion of the Canal in the following address:

Mr. President:

We are assembled this day to witness the consummation of our long and anxious labors. The great work in which we have been engaged is so far completed as to open a navigable communication between the waters of the Delaware and the Chesapeake. To you, Sir, and to my colleagues of the Board of Directors, it is unnecessary to recount the progress of this vast undertaking; its history is familiar to you all. But to my hearers generally a brief sketch of it may not be uninteresting. According to the original plan, the canal would have been less capacious than it is now made; but, after mature reflection, it was deemed advisable to fix its dimensions at sixty feet on the water line, and ten feet in depth; with locks of 100 feet (in the chamber,) in length, by 22 feet in width. By this increased capacity a passage will be opened between the Delaware and Chesapeake bays for the largest vessels that usually havigate them, as well as for sea vessels of the smaller class. The canal, from its eastern termination at the tide lock, opposite Fort Delaware, pursues a direction about south-west, through a marsh, or peat bog, for upwards of three miles, until it reaches the village of St.Georges; where a lock, of eight feet lift, opens a communication with the upper level, continuing nearly the same direction along St. Georges creek, until within a mile of the summit bridge, where the deep cutting commences; thence passing through the ridge that divides the waters of the Chesapeake and Delaware, and following the valley of Broad creek to the western lift lock; where, by a fall of six feet, it communicates through the tide Lock with Back creek, a branch of Elk river. The whole

We have laboured under the disadvantages of a long series of unusually wet weather, which has retarded our progress; and some of our dismissed contractors have brought the strong arm of the law to bear so heavily on the work, as for a time to paralyze a part, and delay the whole.

These are but the outlines of some of the most prominent obstacles that have been met. On the work, difficulties of another character, and not less alarming, have also been encountered; and on reviewing them, it is not a matter of surprise that this canal should have cost upwards of two millions of dollars, but rather that it has been accomplished at all.

Its completion, however, is no longer doubtful; and the Board of Directors fully believing in its permanen cy, think the time is not distant, when its stockholders will be amply repaid for their enterprise and confidence.

It is true, disasters and difficulties have passed like dark and lowering clouds across our path, and made it gloomy; but never, for a moment, made us despond. Having commenced the task, and pledged ourselves to the performance of its duties, we had but one honourable course to pursue, and that was onward.

Although we were assailed by the cavillings of a few enemies-and heard the whispered fears of many timid friends--yet whilst we were supported by the General Government, by the states of Pennsylvania, Maryland and Delaware; by the Public Institutions of Philadelphia-and above all, by the public feeling-we never hesitated in our course, but cheered on by the approving voice of our constituents, we had only with all our energy to press forward to the great object we had in view. That object is now attained. A new channel has been opened between the North and the South

The peninsula which separated the waters of the Dela ware and Chesapeake, has been, with a deep cut, cleft asunder; and on the canal, you have passed that barrier 70 feet below its surface.

Mr. President and my colleagues of the Board of Directors:-This day must be to you some recompense for your years of toil. It is a noble source of pleasure, to be able to show to your fellow citizens, that by your untiring efforts a great public improvement, by many deemed hopeless, has been successfully accomplished. And to you, Mr. President, who have so long and anxiously presided over our labours, and in the vale of life, kept pace with those in the vigour of manhood, in the performance of arduous duties, it must afford no little gratification, on your intended retirement, that you have participated in the achievement of a great public benefit.

And now, sir, I have the most pleasing of all my duties to perform, in reporting, as Chairman of the Committee of Works, that the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal is open for navigation.

I am sure that all in this assembly will cordially join with me in the hope that this canal may amply remunerate its stockholders, greatly contribute to the public good-and its usefulness only cease when the waters of the Delaware and the Chesapeake shall cease to flow.

tener achieved by hazard-and always shadowed with the sufferings by which success is won-but it is a day of pure and unstained exultation. It is the triumph of genius over nature; the triumph of resolute industry over obstacles deemed insuperable.

More than two centuries have passed since this work was contemplated by the earliest adventurers to the Chesapeake, one of whom, Sir James Argol, wrote to England in 1613, that he hoped to make a cut “between our Bay and the Delaware." About sixty years ago it engaged the public attention, but it languished among the dreams or the hopes of men, until within a few years it felt the impulse of that awakened spirit of improvement which since the last war has probably achieved more in this country, than the efforts of all Europe have accomplished in the same period. It was then that the concurring aid of private enterprise, of the liberality of the three states more immediately interested in its success, and eminently the wisdom of that congress, many of whose distinguished members gladden this assembly with their presence, produced the result which we are now enjoying. It will justify and perhaps increase that enjoyment, if we glance for a moment backward on its difficulties, and forward to its advantages. Its difficulties, like all difficulties, seem far less now they are vanquished, but we have this day seen enough to enable us to estimate them. We saw that mountain through which we glided so gently, rent widely asunder for many miles

To this Mr. James C. Fisher, the President of the by human hands--we saw in its lowest recesses the oCompany, made the following reply:— Mr. Chairman of the Committee of Works:

SIR-I have heard your address with much pleasure. It announces the completion of a great work, which we have all this day witnessed. The handsome manner in which, on behalf of the Committee, you have elucidated all the operations, and the serious difficulties they, in particular, and the other gentlemen of the direction have had to contend with, calls for a just tribute to the perseverance and great attention by which they have accomplished an object that has long been wished

for.

cean sands which so many ages have toiled to cover, glistening once more in the sunshine--we met there that vessel with all her lofty array of masts and spars, large enough to go forth and circumnavigate the globe, yet overawed as it were by those summits which frowned darkly down on that strange intruder. But this divided mountain, in itself a work of art without parallel in this country, was at least a calculable obstacle. A greater danger lay in those treacherous morasses which seemed to shrink as they were approached, and threatened to absorb in their obscure depths all that industry could accumulate there. It is an extraordinary fact, and one which I should fear to mention could it not be vouched by so many who hear me, that some of the borders of the canal on which we this day trod so firmly, sunk to a perpendicular depth of one hundred feet, if not more. It was then that all the hazards of their enterprize crowded on the projectors of it. The original design had been Our attempt then failed for want of funds; but, about reproached as visionary-its condition was then profive years ago, a number of patriotic gentlemen of Phi-nounced hopeless-and hopeless it would have been, ladelphia opened a new subscription to construct this but that the spirit of those who directed it, rising with canal, and about four hundred thousand dollars were the pressure of the danger, made every obstacle yield subscribed by individuals in that city; that sum, with to the stubbornness of their unbroken resolution. It is the aid received from the United States, the states of their high reward that these anxieties are now crowned Pennsylvania, Maryland and Delaware, as well as from with success;-it is our higher duty to testify, as I am loans made by individuals and corporate institutions, has sure all present will gladly concur in doing, our grati supplied the means of accomplishing the great work, tude to those who never desponded when others des the termination of which we now celebrate. paired, and who have succeeded because they resolved to succeed, and deserved to succeed.

This day, sir, is a day of jubilee to us all, but it is particularly so to those gentlemen, who, united with myself, made the first attempt. twenty-six years ago, to connect, by a canal, the waters of the Chesapeake and Delaware. Of these. Mr. Joshua Gilpin is the only one now present.

I trust that ere many months we shall behold the vast trade for which it is contemplated, passing on this canal, which, while it produces eventually a handsome revenue to the stockholders, will confer an invaluable service on the nation.

On arriving at the Delaware the Company found on board the steamboat an excellent dinner, prepared by Mr. Inslee, to which they sat down. After dinner, Mr. Nicholas Biddle, the President of the Bank of the United States, in rising to offer a toast, addressed the party in the following excellent speech.

MR. BIDDLE'S ADDRESS.

But these difficulties were not vanquished without great sacrifices. This canal is for its extent the most costly in this country, and with the exception perhaps of the frigate navigation on the Caledonian Canal, in any country. The expense has exceeded $150,000 a mile: yet this expenditure, almost incredible as it seems, does not exceed the limits of a rigorous economy, since it will doubtless be repaid by its own productiveness.

This will appear when we regard the advantages of it. I know of no two regions of country equally extensive and populous, possessing equal abundance of products and of wealth, that are separated by so slender a Mr. PRESIDENT: I congratulate you on the event barrier as this now overcome. On the western side of which we are assembled to celebrate. We all rejoice the canal the eye looks down over the magnificence of with you at the accomplishment of this great undertak- that inland sea, the Chesapeake, into which so many riv ing at once a national honour and national blessing.ers are bearing the products of Maryland and Virginia. This is indeed a day of triumph--not a common and san- On its side is planted our fair sister city, who with her guinary victory-not a day of successful strife of men characteristic and generous spirit of enterprise, is seek over their fellow-men, too often provoked by crime-of-ing in the remote west the materials of new greatness;