Diplomacy. In diplomacy, it might be expected, that a knowledge of the arts and intrigues of foreign courts, and of the means by which negotiations are effected, which European ministers are enabled to bring into the field, would be an over-match for the simplicity of republicanism. In these contests, more than in any other, the genius and talents of the country are displayed. The secretaries who have the direction of foreign affairs, and the ministers selected to conduct negotiations, under their orders, are usually designated by the executive, upon the principle of calling into action the best talents of the nation. From the days of Franklin's first appearance at the court of France, in Quaker style, with a cargo of tobacco for an outfit, to the present period, America has nothing to be ashamed of, in the management of her diplomatic concerns. Her ministers, though met by the most astute negotiators in Europe, have maintained a high standing. The European war, commencing nearly at the same time with the government umder the constitution, gave rise to many interesting questions of national law. A succession of negotiators, on the part of the United States, have defended their rights with distinguished ability. In the diplomatic controversy with Great Britain, which terminated in the late war, the American state papers evidently bear marks of superior talent. A dispute of twenty years length, with Spain, was managed by a succession of diplomatists, able, at every point, to meet their opponents. The clearness and energy with which the existing claims against France have been enforced and reiterated by Mr. Gallatin, though without success, have done high honor to the country. Though the negotiator was not a native citizen, his talents are none the less the property of the nation who has adopted him. On a fair comparison, the state papers which have emanated from the various negotiations in which the United States have been engaged, will give the palm to their ministers. THE END. INDEX. Adams and Jefferson, death of, 343. Characters, 344. Adams, J. Q., secretary of state, 84. 4th of July address, Ambrister, 107-8. Amelia island, 96. Anderson, Colonel, case of, 136. Apalachicola, fort on, 91. Massacre on, 92. Arbuthnot, 105. Trial of, 108. Army, reduction of, 221. Auction bill, 192. Aury's establishment at Galveston, 93. At Amelia island, 94. Banks, origin of, 45. Principles, 46. Bank of United States, charter of, 47. Mismanaged, 139. Bankrupt bill, 233. Debates concerning, 235. Beaumarchais, claim of, 138. Bonaparte, confinement of, 119. Death of, 227. Disposi- Bourbons, restoration of, 120. Boundary, northeastern, 381. Controversy concerning, 382. - Calhoun, report of, on roads, &c., 175. Secretary at war, Canadas, fortification of, 386. Debates concerning, 397. Caucus, presidential, for 1827, 51. For 1825, 281. Origin Census, 4th, 194. Chehaw town destroyed, 111. Claims arising from the war, 40. Commissioners of, 41. 73. For spoliations, 62. On France, 63. Spain, 65. Clay, Mr., secretary of state, 289. Charges against, 285. Cohens, vs. Virginia, case of, 152. Colonial system, American, compared with European, 232. Colonization society, 303. Proceedings of, 304. Assisted Congress, 14th, first meeting of, 35.-second, 72. 15th, Constitution, amendments of, 275. 333. Construction of, Crawford, Mr., 251, 393. Cumberland road, 290. Decatur's expedition against Algiers, 21. Tunis, 25. Tri- Debt, imprisonment for, 269. Decoudray's expedition, 246. Diplomacy, frequent changes in, prejudicial, 409. Discharge of Danish and Neapolitan seamen, 26. Districts, military division of, 16. Divisions, sectional, 16. Domain, national, state of, 421. Duel between Decatur and Barron, causes of, 216.. Duties, tonnage, report concerning, 332, Eaton, Mr., secretary at war, 325. Education in United States, 435. Election, presidential, 79, 273, 283, 284. Candidates for, 277. Elections, report of committtee on, 239. Electors, how chosen, 280. Embarrassments, pecuniary, in 1816, 57. Employment of soldiers on roads, 177. Europe, state of, 117. Executive power, how designated, 273. Excitement, southern, on the tariff, 392, 3, 4, 5. Ferdinand, conduct of, 133. Floridas, hostile collections in, 91. 97. Ceded to United Invasion of, 109. Possession of, 228. Act for the government of, 231. Freedom of political discussion, 346. Of religious opinion, Forsyth's mission to Spain, 165. Furstonwether's application for office, 172. Gaines, General, instructions to, 98. Gadsden, fort, 103. Gallatin Mr., 391. Proceedings of, 100. Georgia claim to Indian lands, 219. Proceedings concern- Greece, application of, to holy alliance, rejected, 134. De- Hayti, emigration to, 309. Harrisburgh convention, 373. Proceedings, 373. Address, Holmes, senator, 428. Holy alliance, treaty of, 193. Meeting at Troppau, 125. Indians, number, 310. Land title, 310. Character, 311. with, 317. Creek tribe of, 318. Treaty of Indian Springs, Jubilee, American, 343. Principles relating to offices, 413. Judiciary, federal, 143. Bill concerning, 334. Key West, 253. Kentucky, relief laws of, 270, 1. Lafayette, 291. Visit to U. S. 293. Reception, 293. Do- Land debtors, relief to, 222. Law, criminal, amelioration of, 353. Relating to imprison- Larche, F., bill for the relief of, 341. Liberia, colony of, 307, 8. Lloyd, senator, 332. Louisiana, boundary of, 160. Lyon, Matthew's, memorial, 174. Maine and Missouri, addmission of, 178. Macomb, General, 402. Mallary, Mr., 384. Manufactures, depression of, 58. Reports of committes on, 191, 385. Testimony concerning, 385. Marks, St., capture of, 105. Martin, vs. Hunter, case of, 145. Masonry, Free, 364. Makasuky villages destroyed, 104. Message, President Jackson's, concerning retrenchment, |