the New Constitution." He shall likewise cause to be so printed and delivered to said Clerks live times the number of properly prepared ballots for said election that there are voters in said respective counties, with * the words printed thereon: "Against the New Constitution." The Secretary of State is hereby authorized and required to furnish the Superintendent of State Printing a sufficient quantity of legal ballot paper, now on hand, to carry out the provisions of this section. Sec. 6. The Clerks of the several counties in the State shall, at least five days before said election, cause to be delivered to the Inspectors of Election, at each election precinct or polling place in their respective counties, suitable registers, poll books, forms of return, and an equal number of the aforesaid ballots, which number, in the aggregate, must be ten times greater than the number of voters in the said election precincts or polling places. The returns of the number of votes cast at the Presidential election in the year eighteen hundred and seventy-six shall serve as a basis of calculation for this and the preceding section; provided, that the duties in this and the preceding section imposed upon the Clerks of the respective counties shall, in the City and County of San Francisco, be performed by the Registrar of Voters for said city and county. Sec. 7. Every citizen of the United States, entitled by law to vote for members of the Assembly in this State, shall be entitled to vote for the adoption or rejection of this Constitution. Sec. 8. The officers of the several counties of this State, whose duty it is, under the law, to receive and canvass the returns from the several precincts of their respective counties, as well as of the City and County of San Francisco, shall meet at the usual places of meeting for such purposes on the "first Monday after said election. If, at the time of meeting, the returns from each precinct in the county in which the polls were opened have been received, the Board must then and there proceed to canvass the returns; but if all the returns have not been received, the canvass must be postponed from time to time until all the returns are received, or until the second Monday after said election, when they shall proceed to make out returns of the votes cast for and against the new Constitution; and the proceedings of said Board shall be the same as those prescribed for like Boards in the case of an election for Governor. Upon the completion of said canvass and returns, the said Board shall immediately certify the same, in the usual form, to the Governor of the State of California. Sec. 9. The Governor of the State of California shall, as soon as the returns of said election shall be received by him, or within thirty days after said election, in the presence and with the assistance oi the Controller, Treasurer, and Secretary of State, open and compute all the returns received of votes cast for and against the new Constitution. If, by such examination and computation, it is ascertained that a majority of the whole number of votes cast at such election is in favor of such new Constitution, the Executive of this State shall, by his proclamation, declare such new Constitution to be the Constitution of the State of California, and that it shall take effect and be in force on the days hereinafter specified. Sec. 10. In order that future elections in this State shall conform to the requirements of this Constitution, the terms of all officers elected at the first election under the same shall be, respectively, one year shorter than the terms :• s fixed by law or by this Constitution; and the successors *of all such officers shall be elected at the last election before the expiration of the terms as in this section provided. The first officers chosen after the adoption of this Constitution shall be elected at the time and in the manner now provided by law. Judicial officers and the Superintendent of Public Instruction shall be elected at the time and in the manner that State officers are elected. Sec. 11. All laws relative to the present judicial system of the State shall be applicable to the judicial system created by this Constitution until changed by legislation. Sec. 12. This Constitution shall take effect and be in force on and after the fourth day of July, eighteen hundred and seventy-nine, at twelve o'clock meridian, so far as the same relates to the election of all officers, the commencement of their terms of office, and the meeting of the Legislature. In all other respects, and for all other purposes, this Constitution shall take effect on the first day of January, eighteen hundred and eighty, at twelve o'clock meridian. Attest: Edwin F. Smith, Secretary. J. P. HOGE, President, A. R. ANDREWS, J. M. CHARLES, J. A. FILCHER, JAMES J. AYRES, JOHN D. CONDON, SIMON J. FARRELL, CLITUS BARBOUR, C. W. CROSS, ABRAHAM C. FREEMAN, EDWARD BARRY, HAMLET DAVIS, JACOB R. FREUD, JAMES N. BARTON, JAS. E. DEAN, J. B. GARVEY, C. J. BEERSTECHER, P. T. DOWLING, B. B. GLASCOCK, ISAAC S. BELCHER, LUKE D. DOYLE, JOSEPH C. GORMAN, PETER BELL, . W. L. DUDLEY, W. P. GRACE, MARION BIGGS, JONATHAN M.DUDLEY, WILLIAM J. GRAVES, E. T. BLACKMER, PRESLEY DUNLAP, V. A. GREGG, JOSEPH C. BROWN, JOHN EAGON, JNO. S. HAGER, SAM'L B. BURT, THOMAS H. ESTEY, JOHN B. HALL, JOS1AH BOUCHER, HENRY EDGERTON, THOMAS HARRISON, JAMES CAPLES, M. M. ESTEE, JOEL A. HARVEY, AUG. H. CHAPMAN, EDWARD EVEY, T. D. HEISKELL, OCX RAD HEROLD, VOLNEY E. HOWARD, THOMAS McCONNELL. H. W. SMITH, ACT OF ADMISSION OF CALIFORNIA INTO THE UNION. SEPTEMBER 9, 1850. 1. The State of California shall be one, and is hereby declared to be one, of the United States of America, and admitted into the Union on an equal footing with the original States in all respects whatever. . 2. The said State of California is admitted into the Union upon the express condition that the people of said State, through their Legislature, or otherwise, shall never interfere with the primarv disposal of the public lands within its limits, and shall pass no law and do no act whereby the title of the United States to, and right to dispose of, the same shall be impaired or questioned; and that they shall never lay any tax, or assessment of any description whatsoever, upon the public domain of the United States; and in no case shall non-resident proprietors, who are citizens of the United States, be taxed higher than residents; and that ail the navigable waters within the State shall be common highwavs, and forever free as well to the inhabitants of said State as to the citizens •of the United States, without anv tax, impost, or duty therefor; provided, that nothing herein contained shall be construed as recognizing or rejecting the propositions tendered by the people of California, as articles of compact in the ordinance adopted by the convention which formed the Constitution of that State. 3. All the laws of the United States which are not locally inapplicable shall have the same force and effect within the said State of California as elsewhere within the United States. ELECTION LAWS. The following sections of the Political Code govern elections: TIME OF HOLDING ELECTIONS. 1041. There must be held throughout the State, on the first Tuesday after the first Monday of November, in the year eighteen hundred and eighty, and in every second year thereafter, an election, to be known as the general election. 1043. Special elections are such as are held to supply vacancies in any office, and are held at such times as may be designated by the proper Board or officer. ELECTION PROCLAMATIONS. 1053. At least thirty days before a general election, and whenever he orders a special election to till a vacancy in the office of State Senator or member of Assembly, at least ten days before sucl/special election, the Governor must issue an election proclamation, under his hand and the Great Seal of the State, and transmit copies thereof to the Boards of Supervisors of the counties in which such elections are to be held. 1054. Such proclamation must contain: 1. A statement of the time of election, and of the offices to be filled. 2. An offer of rewards, in the following form: "And J do hereby offer a rewTard of one hundred dollars for the arrest and conviction of any and every person violating any of the provisions of Title IV, Part I, of the Penal Code; such rewards to be paid until the total amount hereafter expended for the purpose reaches the sum of ten thousand dollars." 1055. The Board of Supervisors, upon the receipt of such proclamation, may, in case of general or special elections, cause a copy of the same to be published in some newspaper printed in the county, if any, and to be posted at each place of election at least ten days before the election; and in case of special elections to rill a vacancy in the office of State Senator or member of Assembly, the Board of Supervisors, upon receipt of such proclamation, may, in their discretion, cause a copy of the same to be published or posted as hereinbefore provided, except that such publication or posting need not be made for a longer period than rive days before such election. 1056. Whenever a special election is ordered by the Board of Supervisors, they must issue an election proclamation, containing the statement provided for in subdivision lirst of section one thousand and fifty-four, and. must publish and post it in the same manner as proclamations issued by the Governor. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS. 1066. The person receiving at any election the highest number of votes for any office to be filled at such election, is elected thereto. 1067. if, at any election, except that for Governor or Lieutenant-Governor, two or more persons receive an equal and the highest number of votes, there is no choice, and a special election to fill such office must be ordered by the proper Board or officer. 1068. In case any two or more persons have an equal and highest number of votes for either Governor or Lieutenant-Governor, the Legislature must, by a joint vote of both houses, choose one of the persons to fill such office. 1069. Electors are privileged from arrest, except for an indictable offense, during their attendance on the election, and in going to and returning from the same. 1070. No elector is obliged to perform militia duty on the day of election, except in time of war or public danger. 1071. No fees must be charged for registration or certificates thereof. 1072. Each member upon a Board of Election in any county, or city and county, in the State, and each clerk thereof, shall receive as compensation for his services upon such Board a sum not to exceed ten dollars, which sum shall be paid out of the treasury of the county, or city and county, in which such persons act. 1073. The necessary printed blanks for poll lists, tally lists, lists of voters, oath, and returns, together with envelopes in which to inclose returns, must be furnished by the Board of Supervisors to the officers of each election precinct, at the expense of the county. QUALIFICATIONS AND DISABILITIES OF ELECTORS. 1083. Every male citizen of the United States, every male person who shall have acquired the right of citizenship under or by virtue of the treaty of Queretaro, aDd every male naturalized citizen thereof, who shall have become such ninety days prior to any election, of the age of twTenty-one years, who shall have been a resident of the State one year next preceding the election, and of the county in which he claims his vote ninety days, and in the election precinct thirty days, and whose name shall be enrolled on the Great Register of such county tifteen days prior to an election, shall be a qualified elector at any and all elections held within the county, city and county, city, town, or district within which such elector resides.—[As amended March 9, 1893. 1084. Xo native of China, no idiot, insane person, or person convicted of any infamous crime, and no person hereafter convicted of the embezzlement or misappropriation of l>ublic money, shall ever exercise the privilege of an elector. REGISTRATION OF ELECTORS. 1094. A register, in which shall be entered the names of the qualified electors of each of the counties in the State, shall be kept at the office of the County Clerk of such county, and in each of the cities and counties in the State such a register shall be kept in ttie office of the person charged with the registration of voters in such city and county. There shall be in each of the counties, and cities and counties, in the State (when required by the Board of Supervisors), a new and complete registration of the voters of such counties, and cities and counties, who are entitled thereto and who apply with the proper proof. Such registration shall commence one hundred days before a general election, and shall continue for eighty-five days thence next ensuing*, when such registration shall cease; provided, that nothing in this section shall be held to repeal any election or registration law applicable to or in force in the City and County of San Francisco. 1095. In the Great Register the Clerk must, as hereinafter provided, enter the name of the qualified electors of the county whose names are not already thereon. 1096. Such entry must show: 1. The name at length. 2. The age, omitting fractions of vears. 3. The height, 4. The complexion. 5. The color of eyes. 6. The color of hair. 7. The visible marks or scars, if any, and their locality. 8. The country of nativity. 9. The place of residence (giving the ward or precinct). 10. If naturalized, the time and place of naturalization. 11. The date of the entry of each person; each name must be numbered in the order of its entry. 12. The Post Office address at date of entry of each person. 1097. No person's name must be entered by the Clerk unless: 1. Upon a certificate of registration in another county, showing that such registration has been canceled, and upon proof, by the affidavit of the party, that he is an elector of the county in which he seeks to be registered. 2. Upon the returns of the Assessor of the county. 3. If a naturalized citizen, upon the production of his certificate of naturalization, which certificate must be issued ninety days prior to the succeeding election, or upon his own affidavit that it is lost or out of his possession, which affidavit must state the place of his nativity, and the time and place of his naturalization, together with his affidavit that he has resided in the United States for five years, and in this State for one year next preceding the time of application, and that he would be an elector of the count}' at the next succeeding election; provided, however, if such naturalized citizen shall have been previously registered as a qualified elector in any of the counties, or cities and counties, of this State, Yiis name must not be entered by the Clerk unless he produces a certificate of such registration, issued by the party authorized by law to issue such certificate, which certificate shall be prima facie evidence of his naturalization. 4. If born in a foreign country, upon his affidavit that he became a citizen of the United States by virtue of the naturalization of his father while he Avas residing in the United States, and under the age of twenty-one years, and that he is or would be an elector of the county at the next succeeding election. 5. Upon the production and filing of a certified copy of the judgment of a Superior Court directing such entry to be made. 6. In other cases, upon the affidavit of the party that he is or would be an elector of the county at the next succeeding election. 7. In every case the affidavit of the party must showT all the facts required to be stated in the entry on the register, except the date and number of the entry. 1098. Tne Assessor of each county must keep a roll of electors,'on which, and upon like proof as is required for entry upon the Great Register, he must enroll the name of any elector of the county making application to him for that purpose. 1099. Such enrollment must show the same facts as are required to be shown by the entry upon the Great Register. 11*00. The Clerk or Assessor must, upon every certificate of naturalization presented to him as evidence of citizenship, indorse and subscribe a statement of the time of presentation and of his action thereon. 1101. At the end of every month the Assessor must return to the County Clerk a certified copy of all entries made upon his roll of electors during such month, and all affidavits made for the purpose of procuring such enrollment. 1102. Upon the receipt of such return, the Clerk must at once enter upon the Great Register the names contained and the statements made in such return. 1103. The Clerk must rile and preserve all affidavits returned to him by the Assessor, or used before him for the purpose of obtaining registration. 1104. No person must cause himself to be registered or enrolled in one county when his registration in another remains uncanceled. 1105. There must be left opposite each name in the Great Register a blank for cancellation. Cancellation is made bv writing in such blank the word "Canceled," and a statement of the reasons therefor. " 1106. The Clerk must cancel the entry in the following cases: 1. At the request of the party registered. 2. When he knows of the death or removal of the person registered. 3. When the insanity of the person registered is legally established. 4. Upon the production of a certified copy of a judgment of the conviction of any elector of any infamous crime, or of the embezzlement or misappropriation of any public money, in full force against the person registered, or upon information of such conviction, obtained as hereinafter provided. 5. Upon the production of a certified copy of a judgment directing the cancellation to be made. 6. Upon a certificate of the Board of Election of any precinct, sent up with the election returns, stating the death or removal, within their own knowledge, of the person registered. 7. When it appears by the returns made by the Board and Clerks of Election that the respective party did not vote during the next preceding two years at any general or special election. 8. The Clerk shall cancel upon the Great Register every name found thereon which is found upon the register of deaths, provided for in section three thousand and seventynine of this Code. 9. Every Judge before whom proceedings were had, which result in any male person being declared incapable of taking care of himself and managing his property, and for whom a guardian of his person and estate is accordingly appointed, or which'result in such person being committed to a State Insane Asylum as an insane person, shall file with the County Clerk a certificate of that fact, and thereupon the Clerk shall cancel the name of such person upon the Great Register, if found thereon. 10. The County Clerk shall also, in the first week of September in each year, examine the records of the Courts having jurisdiction in cases of infamous crimes aiid the embezzlement or misappropriation oi public money within his county, and cancel upon the Great Register the names of all persons appearing thereon who shall have been convicted of an infamous crime, or of the embezzlement or misappropriation of public money in such Court, and which conviction shall have been carried into effect. 1107. Upon the application of the party, in person or in writing, the Clerk must give him or his agent a certified copy of the entries upon the Great Register relating to such party. 1108. If the Clerk refuses to enter the name of any qualified elector of the county upon the Great Register, such elector may proceed by" action in the Superior Court to compel such entry. 1109. Any person may proceed by action in the Superior Court to compel the Clerk to cancel any entry made on the Great Register illegally, or that ought to be canceled by reason of facts that have occurred subsequent to the"time of such entry; but if the person whose name is sought to be canceled be not a party to the action, the Court may order him to be made a party defendant. 1110. In an action under the authority of section eleven hundred and eight, as many persons may join as plaintiffs as have causes of action. 1111. In an action under the authority of section eleven hundred and nine, the Clerk and as many persons as there are causes of action against may be joined as defendants. 1112. Costs cannot be recovered against the Clerk in any action under the authority of this chapter, unless it is alleged in the complaint, and established on the trial, that the Clerk knowingly and willfully violated a plain duty. 1113. On the first Monday of October in each year in which there shall be a general or Presidential election, and on the thirtieth day prior to each general election held every two years thereafter, each County Clerk must make a copy of the uncanceled entries existing on the Great Register of their respective counties. The Board of Supervisors of any county may, by order, provide for the preparation and distribution of township or precinct registers for each township, instead of copies of the Great Register. For the purpose of registration, and preparation of a new Great Register, or of township or precinct registers, and copies thereof, if ordered by the Board of Supervisors, the County Clerk must employ such assistants, and for such times, and at such compensation, as shall, from time to time, be authorized by said Board, which shall be paid out of the County Treasury. Such order may be repealed and reenacted as often as the Board of Supervisors may deem expedient; provided, that nothing in this section shall be held to repeal any election or registration law applicable to or in force in the City and County of San Francisco. 1114. In such copv and registers the names must be arranged alphabetically, according to surnames, and must be numbered consecutively, from the first to the last name, inclusive. 1115. Within fifteen days after making such list, the Clerk must have printed a sufficient number of copies thereof to supply each election precinct in the county with not |