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by the Germans to the amount of $500,000,000. The Council ratified plan to wipe out Belgium's war debt by substituting German peace bonds for Belgian obligations, the four Great Powers taking over the bonds. This was to be subject to the approval of the Parliaments of the four Powers. The Peace Treaty requires Germany to reimburse Belgium for all money Belgium has been forced to borrow as the result of the violation of the Treaty of 1839. Current History, 10 (Pt. 2): 243. London Times, June 26, 1919.

25 GERMANY-POLAND. Warning issued to Germany by Peace Conference as to German opposition to establishment of Polish authority in territories granted Poland. Text: London Times, June 26, 1919.

21 RUSSIA. Japan refused to send troops to Kolchak unless Allies do the same. New York Herald, June 22, 1919.

21 GERMANY. Germans sunk their fleet at Scapa Flow. London Times, June 23, 1919.

25 GERMANY-SUPREME COUNCIL. Exchange of notes relative to sinking of German fleet at Scapa Flow and the burning of French flags in Berlin. Current History, 10 (Pt. 2): 225.

26 PORTUGAL. The Premier, Señor Domingos Pereira, and cabinet resigned. London Times, June 28, 1919. Personnel of new cabinet. London Times, June 30, 1919.

28 PEACE CONFERENCE. On fifth anniversary of assassination of Archduke Ferdinand, the signatures were formally attached to the Peace Treaty, Protocol covering changes, and Protocol relative to Rhine agreement, at Versailles. A single copy of treaty was signed, to be deposited in French Foreign Office, authenticated copies to be furnished other Powers. Current History, 10 (Pt. 2):196; text, London Times, June 28, 1919; Supplement to this JOURNAL for July, 1919. On July 9th the German National Assembly at Weimar voted 208 to 115 to ratify treaty with protocol and Rhine agreement. President Ebert signed "Ebert, President of German Empire." New York Times, July 10, 1919; London Times, July 11, 1919. On July 31st royal assent was given to British act of ratification. On August 26th Belgium ratified the treaty. London Times, August 27, 1919. See also May 17-June 28.

28 FRANCE-GREAT BRITAIN-UNITED STATES. Treaties signed between the United States and France and Great Britain and France, by terms of which the two Powers will come immediately to the aid of France if any unprovoked act of aggression is made against her by Germany. The English treaty contains an additional provision that the treaty imposes no obligation on any of the dominions of the British Empire, unless and until it be approved by the Parliaments of each dominion interested. Text: Current History, 10 (Pt. 2): 273. Supplement to this JOURNAL, pp. 411, 414. On July 31st royal assent was given to ratification by Great Britain. London Gazette, August 1, 1919.

28 POLAND. Treaty with Poland signed by the United States, France, Great Britain, Italy, and Japan. Text: Current History, 10 (Pt. 2): 278. Supplement to this JOURNAL, p. 423.

30 BELGIUM-JUGOSLAVIA. Announced that Belgium has formally recognized Jugoslavia. London Times, June 30, 1919.

30 GERMANY-SWITZERLAND. Export agreement concluded (which expires November 1, 1919) relative to coal, potassium, etc., and dairy and other produce. London Times, June 18, 1919.

July, 1919.

1 RUSSIA-UNITED STATES. Soviet Government warned the United States that reprisals would be made in case of arrest and detention of Russians in the United States. New York Times, July 2, 1919.

1 BELGIUM-HOLLAND. Belgium asked Holland for a parley regarding frontiers. New York Times, July 2, 1919.

2 RHINE-HESSE, OBERHESSEN, the PALATINATE and HESSE-NASSAU. Republic declared under the leadership of Herr Ulrich, former Deputy for Darmstadt. London Times, July 3, 1919.

3 EX-KAISER WILHELM. Premier Lloyd George announced in House of Commons that the ex-kaiser would be tried in London before an international tribunal composed of five eminent jurists representing Great Britain, United States, France, Italy and Japan. Current History, 10 (Pt. 2): 222. Parliamentary Debates, London Times, July 4, 1919.

4-20 PERU. President Pardo ousted by Peruvian troops and Augusto B. Leguia proclaimed provisional president; inaugurated as president July 20, 1919. New York Times, 5, 6, 25, 1919; Current History, 10 (Pt. 2): 246; P. A. U., 29:198.

5 TURKEY. Texts of secret treaties for dismemberment of Turkey published in Le Temps. The last of these were signed by France, Italy and Great Britain in 1917. Current History, 10 (Pt. 2): 247. New York Times, July 6, 1919.

5 BRAZIL UNITED STATES. Trade arbitration pact signed. New York Times, July 6, 1919.

5 ABYSSINIA. Abyssinian mission arrives in United States. Washington Post, July 6, 1919.

8 AUSTRIA-SOVIET GOVERNMENT OF HUNGARY. Austria demanded recall of Hungarian Minister Czobel. Current History, 10 (Pt. 2): 229.

8 RUSSIA. Foreign legations seized. London Times, July 9, 1919. 8 POLAND ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. Announced that Argentine Republic had recognized Republic of Poland. London Times, July 8, 1919.

9-13 HUNGARY. Council of Four sent ultimatum to Bela Kun demanding immediate cessation of hostilities against Czechs. Current History, 10 (Pt. 2): 272.

9 GERMANY. Peace treaty ratified by National Assembly at Weimar. Ratifications deposited at Paris, July 11, 1919. Current History, 10 (Pt. 2): 218.

10 NETHERLANDS OVERSEAS TRUST. Upon request of Interallied Committee at The Hague, the Netherlands Overseas Trust consented to end the agreement concluded with the Associated Powers in London in December, 1918. London Times, July 11, 1919.

H.

10 KINGDOM OF SERBS-CROATS-SLOVENES UNITED STATES. Percival Dodge appointed American Minister to Kingdom of Serbs-Croats-Slovenes. New York Times, July 11, 1919. 10 HOLLAND-ALLIES. Holland replies to note of Council of Five regarding reported escape of former German Crown Prince. New York Times, July 11, 1919.

10 GERMANY. Rhine area control agreement made public. Text: London Times, July 11, 1919; supplement to this JOURNAL, p. 404.

10 BRAZIL. Dr. Pessoa proclaimed president. New York Times, July 11, 1919.

10 JAPAN-GERMANY. Text of alleged agreement revealed. New York World, July 11, 1919. Department of State and Japanese Embassy deny knowledge of treaty. New York Times, July 12, 19, 1919.

14 COSTA RICA-NICARAGUA. Both countries decline mediation of Mexico. New York Times, July 17, 1919.

14 LUSITANIA. Judge Julius M. Mayer, sitting in Admiralty Branch of United States District Court, dismissed claims for damages amounting to $25,000,000 and absolved the Cunard Company from liability for the sinking of the Lusitania, torpedoed by a German submarine May 7, 1915. The sinking was declared an illegal act on the part of the German Government. Current History, 10 (Pt. 2): 234. New York Times, July 15, 1919. Text of decision of July 15, 1918, in this JOURNAL for October, 1918, p. 862.

15 INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION. Ex-Senator Clark of Wyoming appointed to succeed the late James A. Tawney. Washington Star, July 16, 1919.

15 GERMAN EAST AFRICA. Blockade raised. London Times, July 30, 1919; London Gazette, July 29, 1919.

16

HOLLAND-SWITZERLAND. Dutch admit Switzerland's claim as a riparian state to right of navigation of the river Rhine. New York Tribune, July 17, 1919.

16 BIRKENFELD. A republic was proclaimed at Birkenfeld, in area of occupation. New York Times, July 17, 1919.

17 UNITED STATES-FRANCE. Navigation treaty signed. Washington Post, July 18, 1919.

17 UNITED STATES-ITALY SPAIN-NETHERLANDS.

United States

Senate advised ratification of arbitration treaties with Italy, Spain and Netherlands. Congressional Record, July 17, 1919. 18 RUSSIA. Publication of message from Secretary Polk to Col. E. M. House concerning Kolchak. Text: New York Times, July 19, 1919. Later stated to be a private message to Col. House from Arthur Bullard of Committee on Public Information. New York Times, July 20, 1919.

19 MEXICO-UNITED STATES. Announced that Mexico claims ban on arms has been lifted. On July 25th President Wilson issued proclamation, again placing an embargo on shipment of arms to Mexico. New York Times, July 26, 1919. 21-24 GREAT BRITAIN. House of Commons passed both Paris treaties without change. House of Lords ratified them on July 24th. New York Sun, July 23, 25, 1919; London Times, July 25, 1919.

23 INTERNATIONAL AIR NAVIGATION. Publication of full text of convention drafted at Paris issued for information of public. The convention has not yet been approved formally by the Supreme Council. London Times, July 23, 1919.

25 MEXICO-UNITED STATES. President Wilson by proclamation places ban on shipment of arms to Mexico. New York Times, July 26, 1919.

25 AUSTRIA. Herr Otto Bauer, Prime Minister, resigned. London Times, July 28, 1919.

26 UNITED STATES. Shipping Board announces that the United States has resumed trade with the world. New York Herald, July 27, 1919.

25 BULGARIA. Bulgarian delegation arrived in Paris. Current History, 10 (Pt. 2): 229.

29 UNITED STATES-COLOMBIA. United States Senate Foreign Relations Committee by unanimous vote reported the treaty with Colombia. It carries an indemnity of $25,000,000, but no apology, and provides for recognition of Panama. Current History, 10 (Pt. 2): 417; Congressional Record, July 29. On August 7th the treaty recommitted to Foreign Relations Committee. Congressional Record, August 7, 1919.

31 GREAT BRITAIN. Royal assent given to Peace Treaty. London Times, August 1, 1919.

July 31-August 13.

GERMANY. German Constitution adopted by the National Assembly at Weimar by 262 votes to 75. On August 13th constitution was promulgated. Herr Gustav Adolph Bauer was appointed Chancellor. The National Assembly will bear the title Reichstag and the Bundesrat will replace the States or Federal Committee. London Times, August 15, 1919. London Times, August 2, 1919, text: Current History, 11 (Pt. 1): 86.

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