connection with the excellent volume of Cases in International Law prepared by the late Professor Franklin Snow of Harvard University. The standard works of Phillimore, Hall, Woolsey, and Lawrence in English, Calvo and PradierFodéré in French, and Holtzendorff in German, should be frequently consulted for purposes of comparison and reference.

The Municipal Law of States

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24

The Judgments of International Courts, or Boards of Arbitration .

The Decisions of Municipal Courts upon Questions of International Law 25

The Diplomatic Correspondence of States; State Papers; Foreign Rela-

tions, etc.

General Histories; The Histories of Important Epochs; Biographies of

Eminent Statesmen

The Works of Text Writers

International Public Opinion

Divisions of International Law

Basis of Classification

(1) The Natural Law of Nations

(2) The Positive Law of Nations

(a) The Customary Law of Nations

(b) The Conventional Law of Nations

The Parties to International Law.

25

N N N N N

26

26

27

27

References.

General Bibliography of the Subject of International Law

CHAPTER II

De Facto and De Jure Governments.

Sovereign States-The Essential Attributes of Sovereignty

Sovereign States.

Rule for Determining the Strength of a Confederation or Union

Protectorates .

Sovereign Powers-Nature and Classification

Extent of Sovereignty

Classification of Sovereign Powers

(a) The Legislative Department

(6) The Executive Department

(c) The Judicial Department

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31

32

32

33

34

34

34

35

35

36

36

37

37

37

38

38

39

39

40

40

40

41

Right of a State to Change its Constitution and Form of Government

Territory: Boundaries

Territory

Boundaries.

What Constitutes the Territory of a State

Navigable Rivers.

Rivers as Boundaries

The Navigation of Boundary Rivers.

How Regulated.

Case of the Danube

Case of the Mississippi

Case of the St. Lawrence

The Marine League: The Three-Mile Limit

Jurisdiction over a Portion of Coast Sea

Case of the Franconia

The High Seas..

Extent and Use.

Claims to Exclusive Dominion

57

Jurisdiction over Closed Seas

Rights of Ownership and Jurisdiction in the Case of Straits: Innocent

Passage

The Danish Sound Dues

58

The Panama and Nicaragua Canals

The Suez Canal

Submarine Telegraph Cables.

Acquisition of Territory

(a) By Occupation

(b) By Accretion

(c) By Treaty

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63

64

66

66

.

66

66

(d) By Conquest, or by Conquest Completed by a Treaty of Peace

83

85

87

. 88

88

89

(2) Passage of Troops through the Territory of a Foreign State

(3) To the Person of a Sovereign, his Retinue and Attendants, while

Passing Through or Sojourning in Foreign Territory

To Ambassadors and Public Ministers.

To Consuls and to Foreign Residents in Certain Eastern Countries

Exterritoriality; Application of the Principle to Things

The Duty of a State to Protect its Citizens or Subjects

96

Measure of Reparation

Limitations upon the Duty of a State to Afford Extra-Territorial Protection 96

The Right of Interference

The Duty of Non-Interference

In Self-Defence .

Marauding Expeditions

In Accordance with Treaty Stipulations

To Assist a State in Suppressing an Insurrection or Rebellion

Intervention in Behalf of an Oppressed Population and Against the Gov-

De Martens's Statement of the Principle of the Balance of Power.

The Primacy of the Great Powers; the Concert of Europe

Spheres of Influence

The Monroe Doctrine

Case of Yucatan.

The French Occupation of Mexico.

The Venezuelan Boundary

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99

100

102

102

103

104