2. A "Notice respecting civilian worker" required workers to April 28, 1916.j salute German officers. Their wages were fixed at 2.25 fr. per day, of which 1.75 fr. was deducted, leaving 50 c. pay, of which only 25 c. was paid in cash GREECE Greek women compelled by Bulgarians to work in fortification works Place unspecified.. 1917-1918. Demir-Hissar. SERBIA. Ordered to carry munitions and provisions to the front, dig 1915-1918. trenches, build defensive works, &c. Various places in Serbia.. Rapport de la Commission Interalliée, p. 33. People taken at a distance; long spells of labour; had to find their own food Old men, women and children also compelled II. COMPULSORY ENLISTMENT OF SOLDIERS AMONG THE INHABITANTS OF OCCUPIED TERRITORY Bulgarian authorities. Many thousands of Greeks forcibly enlisted by Bulgarians... SERBIA Forced Serbian subjects to fight in the ranks of Bulgarians against 1915-1918. Serbia. their own country Families and villages were held responsible for refusal to enlist (in Eastern Serbia.) Serbian subjects were recruited for the Austrian armies, or were 1915-1918.. Serbia.. sent to the Bulgarians to be incorporated in their forces Rapport de la Commission Interalliée, p. 43. Austrian and German au- Rapport de la Commission d'enquête thorities. 12.-ATTEMPTS TO DENATIONALISE THE INHABITANTS OF OCCUPIED TERRITORY serbe, p. 6. SERBIA (See also No. 10) Efforts to impose their national characteristics on the population 1915-1918.... Serbia.. Bulgarian authorities. Rapport de la Commission Interalliée, p. 36 (and Annexes au Rapport). Serbian language forbidden in private as well as in official rela- Bulgarian schools and churches substituted-attendance at school made compulsory. p. 37. p. 38. Population forced to be present at Bulgarian national solemnities. Austrians and Germans interfered with religious worship, by deportation of priests and requisition of churches for military purposes. Interfered with use of Serbian language Private belongings of deported and interned civilians taken 1915-1918. from them Serbia.. Bulgarians.. Rapport de la Commission Interalliée, p. 20. 15.-EXACTION OF ILLEGITIMATE OR OF EXORBITANT CONTRIBUTIONS AND REQUISITIONS SERBIA Memorandum drawn up by the Belgian Delegation. German military authori- 6th Report of Belgian Commission of ties Enquiry, No. 6. BELGIUM Besides local levies, the German authorities by successive decrees extorted from Belgium a series of contributions totalling 2,390,000,000 fr., in cash. This sum represents 2,000,000 fr. per day 1914-1918... Belgium (various places)... German authorities. German military authori- 8th Report of French Commission of ties Enquiry, No. 202. Wavre (Belgium) alone had to contribute 3,000,000 fr., payable by Aug. 22, 1914. Wavre. September 1, on a false pretext. The Burgomaster was ordered to hand over 2,000,000 fr. in gold, under the threat: "The town of Wavre will be set on fire and destroyed unless payment is duly made. No exceptions will be made, and the innocent will suffer with the guilty" FRANCE Eighty-three communes were forced to issue notes to the value At Nesle the electric light installed for German officers was charged by them to the inhabitants. Date unspeci- Roisel (Somme).. Date unspeci- Nesle (Somme). fied German military authorities No. 235 GREECE Abusive requisition of victuals. Contributions on pretext that they were to be used for philan- 1916-1917.... thropic purposes. 1916-1917. Various places.. German authorities. Memorandum of Polish Delegation, p.3. POLAND By means of requisitions, of so-called "free purchases," and of expropriation, an institution known as the "Kriegsrohstoffstelle" drained the country systematically and completely of all raw materials and manufactured articles. It thus reduced the population to poverty, and increased the death rate very considerably ROUMANIA 1915-1918. Ruin of Bessarabia (formerly a very rich province) by methodical Unspecified.. Bessarabia. exploitation; deprived of cattle, horses, cereals, wood, &c. SERBIA Great economic exploitation; population reduced to misery. New and heavy taxes imposed; Bulgarian assessment substituted for Serbian 1915-1918.. Serbia generally. Bulgarian authorities.. Contributions levied as fines. Contributions levied as "voluntary gifts' 1915-1918. 1915-1918..... Morava.. Macedonia. " In some places no receipts given; in others, the sums indicated on them were less than those obtained. The Austrians seized all the provisions and supplies they could find, not leaving even the minimum indispensable for the native population. They seized every article made of or containing copper 16. DEBASEMENT OF THE CURRENCY, AND ISSUE OF SPURIOUS CURRENCY. 1915-1918... Serbia generally. Austrian and German authorities. Order issued forbidding any transactions in roubles, on pain of 5 years' imprisonment, a fine of 100,000 marks, and confiscation. Issue of 862 millions of new coin under the name of "Polish marks," current only in that part of Russian Poland ruled by the Governor-General of Warsaw. All requisitions were paid for by this means April 14, 1917. Poland.. April, 1917... 1916. Issued a new rouble, at a vlue of 2 marks, whilst the real rate was 21 marks. Russian rouble declared equal to 1 mark-a measure that put the March, 1918.. population at the mercy of German agents and speculators SERBIA Depreciated Serbian currency artificially. Serbian population had to exchange all Serbian money for Bulgarian banknotes, and the official rate of exchange was 2 dinars for 1 lev. After a time Serbian banknotes were declared to be valueless The Austrian authorities decreed that Serbian banknotes were to 1915-1918.. to be accepted, even in private transactions, only at 50 per cent, of their nominal value 1 Various examples are also given under other heads, e. g., Nos. 10, 13, 18, 29. Memorandum of Polish Delegation, p. 2. Bulgarians (ordered by Rapport de la Commission Interalliée, the authorities). p. 28 (and Annexes au Rapport). |