498. Every person who shall willfully, with intent to injure or defraud, make or cause to be made, or uses or causes to be used, any pipe, tube, or other instrument or conduit in connection with any main, service-pipe or other pipe or conduit owned or controled by any other person for conducting or supplying illuminating or fuel gas, in such manner as to supply such or any illuminating or fuel gas to any burner, or outlet by or at which illuminating or fuel gas is consumed or otherwise used or wasted without passing through any meter provided for the measuring and registering the quanity of gas passing through such pipes, tubes or other conduits, or willfully acts in any other manner so as to evade, or cause the evasion of payment therefore, and every person who, with like intent, injures or alters any gas meter or register, or obstructs its action, is guilty of a misdemeanor.

1909-329.

499. Every person who, with intent to injure or defraud, connects or causes to be connected, any pipe, tube, or other instrument, with any main, service-pipe, or other pipe, or conduit or flume for conducting water, for the purpose of taking water from such main, service-pipe, conduit or flume, without the knowledge of the owner thereof, and with intent to evade payment therefor, is guilty of a misdemeanor.

499a. Every person who shall wilfully, and knowingly with intent to injure or defraud, make or cause to be made any connection in any manner whatsoever with any electric wire or electric appliance of any character whatsoever operated by any person, persons or corporation authorized to generate, transmit and sell electric current, or who shall so wilfully and knowingly with intent to injure or defraud, use or cause to be used any such connection in such manner as to supply any electric current for heat or light or power to any electric lamp, or aparatus or device, by or at which electric current for heat or light or power is consumed or otherwise used or wasted, without passing through a meter for the measuring and registering of the quantity passing through such electric wire or apparatus, or who shall, knowingly and with like intent injure, alter or procure to be injured or altered any electric meter, or obstruct its working, or procure the same to be tampered with or injured, or use or cause to be used any electric meter, or appliance so tampered with or injured, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor. 1917-150.

499b. Any person who shall, without the permission of the owner thereof, take any automobile, bicycle, motorcycle, or other vehicle, for the purpose of temporarily using or operating the same, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by a fine not exceeding two hundred dollars, or by imprisonment not exceeding three months, or by both such fine and imprisonment. 1905-185.

499c. Every owner or manager of an automobile-garage, or any agent or employee of such owner or manager, or any other person, having the care, custody or possession of any automobile, who takes, hires, runs, drives or uses such automobile, or who takes or removes therefrom any part thereof, without the owner's consent, is punishable by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or by imprisonment in the county jail not exceeding one year, or by both such fine and imprisonment. 1909-590.

500. Every person who, in the city and county of San Francisco, saves from fire or from a building endangered by fire, any property, and for two days thereafter corruptly neglects to notify the owner or fire marshal thereof, is punishable by imprisonment in the state prison for not less than one nor more than ten years.

501. Every person who purchases or receives in pledge or by way of mortgage, from any person under the age of sixteen years, any junk, metal, mechanical tools, or implements, is guilty of a misdemeanor.

5022. Every person who, after mortgaging or encumbering by deed of trust any real property, and during the existence of such mortgage or deed of trust, or after such mortgage or encumbered property shall have been sold under and order and decree of foreclosure or at trustee's sale, and with intent to defraud or injure the mortgagee or the beneficiary or trustee, under such deed of trust, his representatives, successors or assigns, or the purchaser of such mortgaged or encumbered premises at such foreclosure or trustee's sale, his representatives, successors or assigns, takes, removes or carries away from such mortgaged or encumbered premises, or otherwise disposes of or permits the taking, removal or carrying away or otherwise disposing of any house, barn, windmill, water tank, pump, engine or other part of the freehold that is attached or affixed to such premises as an improvement thereon, without the written consent of the mortgagee or beneficiary, under deed of trust, his representatives, successors or assigns, or the purchaser at such foreclosure or trustee's sale, his representatives, successors or assigns, is guilty of larceny and shall be punished accordingly. 1923-747.

503. Embezzlement is the fraudulent appropriation of property by a person to whom it has been intrusted.

504. Every officer of this state, or of any county, city, city and county, or other municipal corporation or subdivision thereof, and every deputy, clerk, or servant of any such officer, and every officer, director, trustee, clerk, servant, or agent of any association, society, or corporation (public or private), who fraudulently appropriates to any use or purpose not in the due and lawful execution of his trust, any property which he has in his possession or under his control by virtue of his trust, or secretes it with a fraudulent intent to appropriate it to such use or purpose, is guilty of embezzlement. 1880-8.

504a. Every person who shall fraudulently remove, conceal or dispose of any goods, chattels or effects, leased or let to him by any instrument in writing, or any personal property or effects of another in his possession, under a contract of purchase not yet fulfilled, and any person in possession of such goods, chattels, or effects knowing them to be subject to such lease or contract of purchase who shall so remove, conceal or dispose of same with intent to injure or defraud the lessor or owner thereof, is guilty of embezzlement.

505. Every carrier or other person having under his control personal property for the purpose of transportation for hire, who fraudulently appropriates it to any use or purpose inconsistent with the safe-keeping of such property and its transportation according to his trust, is guilty of embezzlement, whether he has broken the package in which said property is contained, or has otherwise separated the items thereof, or not.

506. Every trustee, banker, merchant, broker, attorney, agent, assignee in trust, executor, administrator, or collector, or person otherwise intrusted with or having in his control property for the

use of any other person, who fraudulently appropriates it to any use or purpose not in the due and lawful execution of his trust, or secretes it with a fraudulent intent to appropriate it to such use or purpose, and any contractor who appropriates money paid to him for any use or purpose, other than for that which he received it, is guilty of embezzlement, and the payment of laborers and material-men for work performed or material furnished in the performance of any contract is hereby declared to be the use and purpose to which the contract price of such contract, or any part thereof, received by the contractor shall be applied.

1919-1090.

506a. Any person who, acting as collector, or acting in any capacity in or about a business conducted for the collection of accounts or debts owing by any other person, and who violates the provisions of section five hundred six of the Penal Code, shall be deemed to be an agent or person as defined in said section five hundred six of the Penal Code, and subject for a violation of the provisions of said section five hundred six of the Penal Code, to be prosecuted, tried, and punished in accordance therewith and with law; and the word collector herein set forth shall also inIclude and be held to mean every such person who collects, or who has in his possession or under his control property or money for the use of any other person, whether in his own name and mixed with his own property or money, or otherwise, or whether he has any interest, direct or indirect, in or to such property or money, or any portion thereof, and who fraudulently appropriates to his own use, or the use of any person other than the true owner, or person entitled thereto, or secretes such property or money, or any portion thereof, or interest therein not his own, with a fraudulent intent to appropriate it to any use or purpose not in the due and lawful execution of his trust. 1917-931.

506b. An insurance agent or broker, whether licensed or unlicensed, who fraudulently converts to his own use or, with the intention to fraudulently convert to his own use, takes, secretes, withholds, appropriates, or otherwise uses or applies any money or substitute for money received by him as such agent or broker, contrary to the instructions or without the consent of the company or the person for or on account of which the same was received by him, shall be guilty of embezzlement.

1925.

507. Every person intrusted with any property as bailee, tenant, or lodger, or with any power of attorney for the sale or transfer thereof, who fraudulenty converts the same or the proceeds thereof to his own use, or secretes it or them with a fraudulent intent to convert to his own use, is guilty of embezzlement.

508. Every clerk, agent, or servant of any person who fraudulently appropriates to his own use, or secretes with a fraudulent intent to appropriate to his own use, any property of another which has come into his control or care by virtue of his employment as such clerk, agent, or servant, is guilty of embezzlement.

509. A distinct act of taking is not necessary to constitute embezzlement.

510. Any evidence of debt, negotiable by delivery only, and actually executed, is the subject of embezzlement, whether it has been delivered or issued as a valid instrument or not.

511. Upon any indictment for embezzlement, it is a sufficient defense that the property was appropriated openly and avowedly, and under a claim of title preferred in good faith, even though such claim is untenable. But this provision does not excuse the unlawful retention of the property of another to offset or pay demands held against him.

512. The fact that the accused intended to restore the property embezzled, is no ground of defense or mitigation of punishment, if it has not been restored before an information has been laid before a magistrate, or an indictment found by a grand jury, charging the commission of the offense. 1905-682.

513. Whenever, prior to an information laid before a magistrate, or an indictment found by a grand jury, charging the commission of embezzlement, the person accused voluntarily and actualy restores or tenders restoraton of the property alleged to have been embezzled, or any part thereof, such fact is not a ground of defense, but it authorizes the court to mitigate punishment, in its discretion. 1905-682.

514. Every person guilty of embezzlement is punishable in the manner prescribed for feloniously stealing property of the value of that embezzled; and where the property embezzled is an evidence of debt or right of action, the sum due upon it or secured to be paid by it must be taken as its value; if the embezzlement or defalcation is of the public funds of the United States, or of this state, or of any county or municipality within this state, the offense is a felony, and is punishable by imprisonment in the state prison not less than one nor more than ten years; and the person so convicted is ineligible thereafter to any office of honor, trust, or profit in this state. 1905-682.