1829.] STATE TAXABLES, 13 TAXA BLES IN PENNSYLVANIA. Table shewing the number of taxable inhabitants in the state of Pennsylvania at each of the septennial en umerations, also the date of the formation of each county and the number of inhabitants in each county, and inthe whole state at the rate of 5 inhabitants to one taxable. City of Philadelphia 1683 7,088 6,625 7,813 9,383 12,696 16,556 82,780 97 1 Philadelphia County 1683 6,855 7,919 9,055 10,486 15,196 20,750 103,750 27 5 Bucks 1683 4,644 5,089 5,977 7,066 8,300 9,076 45,380 21 3 Chester 1683 5,270 6,125 7,496 8,072 9,171 10,231 51,155 14 7 Lancaster 17296,409 7,834 9,562 11,346 13,560 14,991 74,955 17 4 York 17496,974 7,983 42,630 22 26,710 25 14 Berks 1752 5,511 6,325 7,580 7,390 8,896 10,202 51,010 11 2 Northampton 1752 4,697 5,345 6,353 5,646 7,382 36,910 9 3,351 22,210 Northumberland 1772 3,878 5,131 6,061 1,687 17,905 Westmoreland 1773 3,451 4,404 4,374 5,370 6,176 6,516 32,580 26 4 Washington 1781 40,670 10 5 Fayette 1783 2,844 5,372 5,897 29,485 u 9 Franklin 1784 3,570 3,775 3,789 5,841 6,095 30,475 Montgomery 1784 4,360 4,742 5,626 7,437 8,242 41,210 17 Dauphin 1785 3,481 3,982 4,779 3,348 4,235 4,602 23,010 9 Luzerne 1786 1,409 22,410 Huntingdon 1787 | 1,717 3,502 4,281 5,009 25,045 12 2 Allegheny 1788 2,510 5,518 6,969 10,236 51,180 24 1 Mifflin 1789 2,468 20,995 6 1 Delaware 1789 | 2,216 2,285 2,554 2,661 2,856 3,633 18,165 2 1 Lycoming 1795 2,836 3,081 15,405 Somerset 1795 2,925 16,700 Greene 1796 15,705 6 5 Wayne 1798 573 777 551 979 1,381 6,905 Adams 1800 2,568 2,741 2,979 3,852 4,192 20,960 11 8 Centre 1800 1,341 1,918 *1,765 2,820 3,618 18,090 11 Beaver 1800 859 1,937 2,398 3,120 4,208 21,040 Butler 1800 871 1,444 1,491 2,022 2,810 14,050 Mercer 1800 535 1,623 1,734 2,440 3,490 17,450 1 Crawford 1800 1,184 2,000 3,634 15,170 Erie 1800 858 1,973 2,867 14,335 Warren 1800 524 920 4,600 Venango 1800 1,050 1,930 9,650 12 Armstrong 1800 3,257 16,285 1,363 1,928 2,732 13,660 4 Jefferson 1,123 1804 35 137 356 1,780 3 1 M'Kean 1804 13 211 307 1,535 Clearfield 1804 163 264 584 892 4,460 4 Potter 1804 50 246 1,230 Tioga 1804 199 810 1,635 8,175 3 Cambria 1804 430 521 757 1,144 5,720 4 Bradford 1810 1,493 2,277 3,365 16,825 Susquehanna 1810 1,242 1,929 2,594 12,970 2 Schuylkill 1811 1,614 2,045 2,715 13,575 10 2 Lehigh 1812 2,902 3,763 4,321 21,605 20 Lebanon 1813 2,696 3,228 3,563 17,815 1 Union 1813 2,772 3,620 3,772 18,860 Columbia 1813 3,349 3,459 3,521 17,605 Pike 1813 690 892 4,460 Perry 1814 2,430 2,980 14,900 Taxables. or 36 per cent. do 24 do. to 22 do. do 19 do. do 27 do. do 21 do. do 163,281 179 do. In consequence of the continual changes which occurred in different Counties, by the formation of new ones from the old, no estimate of their respective increase can be made. Head-quarters, on Schuylkill, Dec. 17. 1777. TRIBUTE OF RESPECT. Harrisburg, June 2, 1829. of the Pennsylvania canal and rail road, we cannot perDear Sir-As Engineers employed on different lines mit you to leave the service of the commonwealth, without some expression of our respect and esteem. The Commander in Chief, with the highest satisfaction, expresses his thanks to the officers and soldiers for the fortitude and patience with which they have sus tained the fatigues of the campaign. Altough in some instances we have unfortunately fail- paritory surveys and locations of our respective divisions, During the period in which we were engaged in preed, yet upon the whole, Heaven has smiled upon our arms, and crowned them with signal success; and we value of your services in the Engineer department, and we had an opportunity of becoming acquainted with the may on the best grounds conclude, that by a spirited of the able manner in which you executed the various continuance in the measures necessary for our defence, duties, which have been intrusted to you by the late we shall finally obtain the end of our warfare, Indepen-board; and while it affords much gratification in acknowdence, Liberty, and Peace. These are blessings worth ledging our regard for your gentlemanly deportment contending for at every hazard; but we hazard nothing-the power of America alone, duly exerted, and respect for your faithfulness and zeal in the dis towards us, yet we cannot but express our sentiments would have nothing to dread from the force of Britain. charge of those duties which were assigned to the office Yet we stand not wholly upon our own ground, which you held in the service of the state. France yields us every aid we ask; and there are reasons to believe the period is not very distant when she will take a more active part, by declaring war against the British crown. Every motive, therefore, irresistibly urges us, nay commands us to a firm and manly perseverance in our opposition to our cruel oppressors to slight difficulty, endure hardships, and contemn every danger. We remain very respectfully, yours DE WITT CLINTON, Engineer Juniata Canal. F. W. RAWLE, Engineer West Branch Canal. CHAS. T. WHIPPO, Engineer North Branch Susq. SIMEON GUILFORD, Engineer Susquehanna Canal SAM'L H. KNEASS, Engineer Eastern Div. Canal ALONZO LIVERMORE, Engineer Kiskeminetas and Con. Canal. Harrisburg, June 2, 1829. Dear Sir-We cannot permit you to retire from the service of the commonwealth, without an expression of respect for your character, and of our unfeigned thanks for the prompt, gentlemanly and efficient aid you have at all times rendered during our superintendence of the lines of canal entrusted to our care. The General ardently wishes it were now in his power to conduct the troops into the best winter quarters; but where are these to be found? Should we retire to the interior parts of the state, we should find them crowded with virtuous citizens, who, sacrificing their All, have left Philadelphia and fled hither for protection;-to their distresses, humanity forbids us to add. This is not all!-We should leave a vast extent of fertile country to be despoiled and ravaged by the enemy, from Joeeph McIlvaine, Esq. which they would draw vast supplies, and where many of our firm friends would be exposed to all the miseries of an insulting and wanton depredation.-A train of evils might be enumerated, but these will suffice. These considerations make it indispensibly necessary for the army to take such a position as will enable it most effectually to prevent distress, and give the most extensive security; and in that position we must make ourselves the best shelter in our power. With alacrity It is due in candour to you, and we have great pleasand diligence, huts may be erected that will be warm ure in acknowledging the fact, that to your indefatigable and dry. In these the troops will be compact, more zeal for the internal improvement of the state and to secure against surprizes, than if in a divided state, and at your judicious advice and assistance, especially in the hand to protect the country. These cogent reasons organization of the several lines, we are chiefly indebthave determined the General to take post in the neigh-ed for the establishment of that system of order which bourhood of this camp, and influenced by them, he persuades himself that the officers and soldiers, with one heart and one mind, will resolve to surmount every difficulty with a fortitude and patience becoming their profession, and the sacred cause in which they are engaged He himself will share the hardships and partake of every inconvenience. we trust, on the most rigid scrutiny, will be found to THOMAS G. KENNEDY, Sup't. Delaware Division. THOMAS WOODSIDE, Sup't. North Branch Division. ANDREW M'REYNOLDS, Sup't. Eastern Division. Jos. J. WALLACE, Clerk. Eastern Division. R. L. KEAN, Clerk. Western Division. Joseph McIlvaine, Esq. late Secretary of the Board of The Season.-"The crops in this county," says the Montrose (Susquehanna county) Register, "have been severely injured by the drought. The fields of wheat and rye have suffered severely-the spring crops in many places are beginning to bear a yellow, withering aspect, and the pastures are drying up." We understand that the crops in some parts of Luzerne county are also suffering considerably from the unusual dryness of the The Norristown Herald states that during the last week 93 boats, carrying 2546 tons of Stone Coal, and also a quantity of Flour, Leather, Paper, 12,000 feet of Lumber, 2000 Shingles and Staves departed from Mount Carbon and Port Carbon-20,168 tons of Stone Coal have already been sent down this season. season. Pottsville June 24th. LABOURERS WANTED.-500 labourers and experienced miners can obtain immediate employment and good wages at the different coal mines and rail roads in the vicinity of this place. A daily mail commenced running between Pottsville and Philadelphia on 24th inst. This is a very desirable and happy arrangement, as the intercourse carried on, and the business transacted between the two places has become so great, that it is of the most vital importance that a daily communication should be kept up between the citizens of both places. We have been informed by a citizen of this place, that four years ago, he left the city of Philadelphia for the purpose of going to Pottsville; and when he arrived at Reading, he ascertained that the mail stage passed through Pottsville only once a week, and he was compelled either to procure private conveyance, or lie at Reading several days. Now we have a daily mail, conveyed in a large stage, which is not sufficient to carry all the passengers, as the proprietor was compelled to run three additional stages on Wednesday, which were all crowded. We wish no better proof than the above to show the prosperity of our borough.—Journal. LUMBER. A retrograde movement.-It is a fact worthy of record, that the demand for this article has increased to such an extent at Pottsville, in consequence of the great quantity used in laying the rail roads and constructing numerous buildings, that notwithstanding the almost unparalleled amount of timber that is annually converted into lumber at our saw-mills, it is impossible to obtain a sufficient quantity, well seasoned; to finish some of the dwelling houses commenced, and several individuals have been induced to send to Philadelphia for a supply for that purpose. Who would have thought, a few years ago, that the citizens of Pottsville would have found it necessary to send to Philadelphia for lumber? Ib. 15 UNIONTOWN, (Penn.) June 17. The Locusts.-After an interval of seventeen years, these destructive insects have re-appeared amongst us The orchards and woods, are literally in vast numbers. swarming with them. In an orchard adjoining this town we saw at the root of a single apple tree, between a peck and a half bushel of shells, which they had shed, and as many as eight sticking to a single leaf of the same We gather from the papers and private informatree. tion that they are not found more than twenty miles north of us, and none east of the Allegheny mountain.— Southwardly they are found as far as Staunton (Virginia) and Westwardly generally throughout Ohio, as far We presume they extend much farther as Chilicothe. to the South and West. There are some singular facts in the natural History of these insects. Their periodical We have conappearance is every seventeen years. versed with a gentleman who distinctly recollects four We believe they eat occasions of their appearance. During the heat nothing after they cast their shells. of the day they keep up a most deafening clamour, which is distinctly marked with pauses, and regular swelling and sinking notes. The female is provided with a kind of sting with which it perforates the tender branches of trees in which it deposits its eggs. This process is very destructive to fruit trees, in many instanWe know of no other injuries ces killing the branch. committed by them. They are said to live not longer than six or seven weeks after they assume the winged form, during which period the females are engaged in depositing their eggs, and the males in doling out their They are discordant music-they sing 'till they die. not migratory. Mercer, (Penn.) June 20, 1829. This county was visited on Wednesday last with one of the severe storms we have had for years. Mr. William Hunter, an old and respectable inhabi tant of Lackawanock township, was struck by lightning while at the residence of Mr. Means. He fell immedi A statement of the number of Arks and Rafts that de-ately after receiving the shock, senseless, but was rescended the North Branch of the Susquehanna this sea-covered to animation by the exertions of his friends, son. We understand little hope is entertained of his recovery, Esquire Kirk, Mr. Thomas Means, and Mr. Hunter, had gone to the house of Mr. Hugh Means-and had been the instant before the shock, employing them selves in securing their horses in the stable. A tree standing at the corner of the stable was struck by the lightning, which passed thence along the logs of the stable, to the opposite corner, where Mr. Hunter was standing.-Esquire Kirk and Mr. Means were both considerably hurt, though neither of them dangerously. Doct. ISAAC PICKERING and CHRISTIAN BROBST, Esq. employed and paid Hiram Friar, a disinterested person to count them; and 17th. of April was taken as an average day for 6 weeks-although the running continued 8 weeks-and a few days interruption by wind and high water-on some days above 200 floated past the town of Catawissa, and other days not a 100 —so we take the above mentioned days as an average for 6 weeks, which was as follows, viz: On the 17th. of April, there floated past the town of Catawissa, 167, In Coolspring township, the barn of Mr. John M'Mil of which 36 were arks, laden with wheat, whiskey, lan was struck and burned down to the ground. The stone coal, shingles, staves, ash-plank, pine and cherry exertions of his friends and neighbours succeeded in boards, &c. One hundred and eleven board rafts, 92 of saving his waggon, windmill, ploughs, &c. but a quanthe rafts were laden with shingles, staves, hoop-poles, tity of straw and hay was consumed. eider, whiskey, pork, potash, and a variety of other ar-loss will be considerable. ticles and 20 timber rafts. -- Mr. M'Millan's Philad. July, 4. The probable value of the above floats, as judged by old experienced water-men are as follows, viz: 36 arks 45 tons each, 1620 tons, $2500, 111 rafts 30,000 feet each, at $80 per 1000,.. Loading carried on 92 rafts, each $150, 40 timber rafts, at $125,... Amount of one days running,...... $40,500 00 2,500 00 $83,440 00 Amount of the whole 6 weeks running, $3,504,480 00 I do certify that I counted the arks and rafts, and above statement is correct as to number, and I believe the valuation to be correct. HIRAM FRIAR, I do certify, that the above is correct to the best of ISAAC PICKERING. my knowledge. On the 27th ultimo, arrived at this port from Cape Messurado-the Schooner Hannah; Lemuel Doughty Master-this is believed to be the first arrival at this port from that new settlement. We understand from Capt. D. that there came passenger in the Schooner one of the Emigrants who was formerly a slave in Maryland, who went to that country for the purpose of settling there; and being now possessed of a comfortable house and farm has returned for his family which he left behind—proposing shortly to take them with himself to the cape-Capt. D. speaks in very favorable terms of the settlement; and expresses as his opinion that there can be no doubt of the ultimate success of the enterprize. LEHIGH CANAL. The first load of coal passed through Lehigh Port lock on Tuesday, the 16th June. The boats laden with about 40 tons, and drawn by one horse, reached us in safety and proceeded on Wednesday morning to Bethlehem. The indefatigable manager, Friend White, was on board, and hundreds of our citizens were assembled to greet him.-Herald. We cannot omit expressing the sincere gratification which we feel in being enabled to announce the near completion of this great and important undertaking. On the 18th. inst. a boat, on its return from Philadelphia, entered the eastern lock. Josiah White, Esq. the indefatigable and enterprising Manager of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company, N. B. Eldred Esq. one of the Pennsylvania Canal Commissioners, together with a number of the citizens of this borough, (oursel ves among the rest,) had a pleasant ride up the canalVery little injury has been sustained by letting in the water. The Canal is good, and the works substantial. It is confidently expected, that the canal will be completely navigable throughout the whole line, by the 4th. of July next; and we have no doubt a good and plentiful supply of coal will be carried thereon to market, ere winter sets in. When we reflects that this canal of about 47 miles in length, leading to the immense coal region of Northampton county, was commenced in the summer of 1827, and that so important a branch of internal navigation, and one so fraught with interest to the state, has been completed in the short space of two years, we cannot refrain from speaking in terms of praise and approbation of a Company, who by their enterprize and perseverance have turned a barren wilderness into a source of wealth; and who by opening a safe channel for the transportation of a cheap and excellent fuel, the want of which has frequently and recently caused so much distress and suffering among the poor of our cities, in the "freezing time of winter," have done much to promote the comfort and happiness of their fellow-citizens. Penn. Argus. MAUCH CHUNK, Wednesday, June 24, 1829. We have the satisfaction to inform our friends that Mr. White has returned from his experimental expedition to Trenton and back with one of the Lehigh Co's. canal boats, and that his voyage has been completely successful. The boat was flat bottom-7 feet wide, 84 feet long, and built so as to come to its full bearing when empty. Her draught of water, empty, was four and a half inches. She carried after coming to her bearing, one and one third tons to each inch. The boat was pushed up Trenton and Scudders's Falls by five hands with setting poles, and drawn up all the Falls from the 4 mile ferry to Easton by a horse with great ease. It is believed that a single horse would pull up two such boats at one time at the rate of 20 or 25 miles per day, if there was a good towing path on the side of the river. We consider this experiment (which we believe is the first that has been made to bring boats up to Easton from tide by horse power) as a strong proof of the intrinsic value of the channels of the Delaware, and as a consoling evidence of our boundless outlet for all the trade that can ever pass down Lehigh and Delaware from the coal mines and western and northern parts of this state. We do not wish to be understood as being in the least wavering in our good opinion of the Delaware canal, but that however much we value the channel of the river, we value the canal much more. Boats built on the plan of Mr. White's will pass through the locks and canal of the Delaware, carrying 75 tons, making this canal capable of passing 5,000 tons up and the same down daily. Courier. We are much gratified to announce that the final let ting on the Delaware canal was effected by the state commissioners at their meeting in Easton on Thursday last-when the dam and locks to be erected at the mouth of the Lehigh, and a feeder to the canal was put under contract. A great part of the work on this canal is now done, and the entire balance contracted for to be finished by the first of January next. We heartily wish the work good speed. İb. Rain and Hail.-On Wednesday the 17th inst. we had a smart shower of rain accompanied with hail. In Mahony Valley, a few miles below this place, considerable damage has been sustained. One man has had his grain fields almost entirely destroyed, the vegetables in his garden cut up, and fifty panes of glass broken. A lump of ice, of irregular form was picked up by Mr. Hagenbuch, in Lehighton, which measured an inch and a half in width. Report says that hail was seen as large as hen's eggs. Ib. The man who forsook his couch before four A.M. on Friday last would have seen the grass robed in a white frost. It appeared very beautiful, but the warm beams of Aurora, when his wanton sway was resumed, soon disrobed it of its wintery habiliments. Ib. We had just laid down our composing stick, on Monday evening, and picked up Poulson of Saturday, when a gentleman s tepped into our office, and, handing us papers and letters from Philadelphia of same day, observed,-"if you are in want of a paragraph, here is timher to build one." And indeed it is well worthy of notice-The proprietors of the Union Line of Mail Coaches have made such arrangements that they start from Philadelphia on Monday, Wednesday and Friday mornings, and arrive at Mauch Chunk on the same day at 7 in the eveningLeave M.C. the morning following arrival, and sip their tea in Philadelphia the same evening. And now we consider ourselves at least 30 miles nearer the city.Who would have dreamed five year since of eating farmer's breakfast at 4 in the morning at Philadelphia, and supping at Kimball's at 7 P. M. among the highlands of Northampton-promenade our village the next day and visit the mines-be in Philad. on the third-and behind the counter on the morning of the fourth-having seen in the short space of three days what would repay a journey across the Atlantic.-Mauch Chunk Courier. Canal Navigation.-The Canal is filled-the canal boats Pioneer and Gen. Lacock, are expected to arrive to-morrow! No event can be more interesting to the people of this city, and those of the adjacent counties, than the announcement of the fact, that the great work is completed, and that the navigation on our Canal has commenced! It has been a work of immense expenditure and labour, and no man, except he travel the line of canal from Pittsburgh to Blairsville, can estimate or appreciate the patience, the toil, and the perseverance, that have been required in its construction, direction, and superintendance. The locks, the bridges, the aqueducts, the tunnel, and in numerous places the embankments, are of unusual magnitude and permanency— they have cost an immense amount of time, labor, and money. This division of the work is now completed— eighty miles of the Canal is navigable—and it is hoped, that it will realize the best anticipations of the most sanguine, and that those who have so anxiously labored to promote its progress, will now reap the reward of their industry. Pittsburgh, (Penn.) June 24. Printed every SATURDAY MORNING by WILLIAM F. GEDDES, No. 59 Locust Street. Philadelphia; where, and at the PUBLICATION OFFICE, IN FRANKLIN PLACE, second door back of the Post Office, (back room) subscriptions will be thankfully received. Price FIVE DOLLARS per annum, payable annually by subscribers residing in or near the city, or where there is an agent. Other subscribers pay in advance. THE REGISTER OF PENNSYLVANIA. DEVOTED TO THE PRESERVATION OF EVERY KIND OF USEFUL INFORMATION RESPECTING THE STATE. VOL. IV.-NO. 2. EDITED BY SAMUEL HAZARD. REPORT ON EXECUTIVE PATRONAGE. (From the Journal of the Senate of Penn'a.) NO. 80. bly, contained in the 20th section, viz. "except such as are chosen by the general assenbly or the people."→→→ The general assembly did, for some years, claim and exMonday, March 25, 1822. ercise not only the power of creating offices, but also Mr. Hill, from the committee to whom was referred the prerogative of appointing the officers; except those on the 13th of December last, an item of unfinished bu-appointments specially given to the supreme executive siness, relative to the power of making appointments to office, by the governor, made report, which was read as follows, to wit: council. The extensiveness of the appointing power thus exercised by the general assembly, was much complained of by the members of the executive council. But the general assembly, notwithstanding those complaints, continued to create offices, and to appoint officers in such manner, and at such times as in their own opinion was best calculated to promote the public weal, untilthe mee. ting of the council of censors in 1783. That council of assembly, the passage of a law dividing the appointments thereafter to be made, between the supreme executive council and the general assembly, pursuant to which re commendation; the general assembly did, on the fourth day of April, 1785, pass an act, prescribing the appointments to be made by the general assembly, and vesting in the executive council the appointment of all other officers, whose appointments were not otherwise provi mind, that this law is only an act of the general assem bly, and like all other legislative acts, is liable to legislative alteration, revision or annihilation, at any time, when a succeeding legislature, from different views of the constitution, from different notions of public policy or from different ideas of the wishes of the people,shall deem it to be necessary and proper so to do. That they have given the subject matter referred to them a deliberate consideration; that they have in their deliberations found it necessary (in order to form an intelligible report) to carefully examine the provisions of the constitution of 1776, or, at least so far as those prosions relate to legislative&executive power&prerogative. That instrument being the original source or first de-censors, among other things,recommended to the general claration of state sovereignty-the declaratory foundation upon which all our state rights are built-the first fundamental charter of our state liberties, and the original fountain from which all delegated power in this commonwealth emanated;-an intimate knowledge of its provisions, as well as a knowledge of the constitution of 1790, is indispensably necessary to the formation of a clear, correct and comprehensive idea of the powers which are now constitutionally invested in the executive.ded for by the constitution. But it must be borne in Your committee have been thus particular, because they are fully apprized, that all powers wheresoever vested by the constitution, must so remain, until the people shall think proper to resume the powers thus vested, and retain them or vest them elsewhere. Your committee are also decidedly of the opinion, that all and every power and prerogative claimed or exercised by the governor, as well claimed as exercised by any other officer of the government, which are derived from any source other than the constitution, are fair and legitimate objects of legislation. The committee have had, among other documents referred to them, a letter from the secretary of the com monwealth, containing much information on the subject of executive patronage. This letter attached to this re"All power is inherent in the people, and all free port, marked A, is an answer to a call made upon that governments are founded on their authority;" therefore, officer, at the last session of the legislature, by a comit is incompetent for any officer of the government to mittee appointed for the purpose of ascertaining the assume the exercise of any official power which has not governor's powers to appoint officers, and the different been vested in him by the constitution, or by the legis- channels through which those powers have been obtainlature; that being the only body known to our form of ed. This intelligent, venerable and candid statesman, government, that is vested with the law-making power. relies on the eighth section of the second article of the Hence the necessity in this important inquiry, of a criti- constitution of 1790, the law above referred to, several cal investigation of all the constitutional provisions acts of assembly of subsequent date, and on common which in any way relate to executive patronage: and al-law principles, to justify the governor in the extent of so of the several acts of the legislature, which have been passed at different times for the purpose of explaining, extending or increasing the same. All of which constitutional provisions and acts of the legislature shall be duly noticed in their proper places. patronage, which he at present exercises. So far as the governor's powers are vested by the constitution, they must remain unimpaired. But we presume, that however long the governor may have exercised the power of appointing to office, by virtue of any statute, or common law principle, that the powers thus claimed and exercised can at any time be reclaimed by the legislature, and otherwise disposed of, whenever they shall deem a change necessary and expedient. Official powers vested in any officer by the legislature, may, when the public good requires it, be also divested by the legislature. The 9th section of the 2d chapter of the constitution of 1776, vests in the general assembly the "power to choose their speaker, the treasurer of the state and their other officers." The 20th section of the same chapter, provides that "the president, and in his absence, the vice-president, with the council, five of whom shall be a quorum, shall have power to appoint and commission all judges, naval officers, judges of the admiralty, attorney The peculiar business of legislation, is to pass laws general, and all other officers, civil and military; except for the regulation and guidance of all who are concernsuch as are chosen by the general assembly or the peo-ed in the administration of the government, and the ple," under the broad and indefinite expression contained in the 9th section above quoted, "their other of ficers;" and the very indefinite exception from the executive appointments, in favor of the general assemVOL. IV. 3 benefit of the people. Common law is an auxiliary to statute law, and is only to be called upon in cases not particularly provided for by the statute. Those official powers, which are vested by act of the legislature and |