use shall with I and we, and use will with all other subjects.

To denote determination and purpose, to make a promise, or to express a command, use will with I and we, and use shall with all other subjects.

Read the next six sentences aloud, and give the meaning of each :

1. I will learn my lesson.

2. You shall learn your lesson.

3. He shall learn his lesson.

4. We will learn our lessons.

5. They shall learn their lessons.

6. I will be there promptly at nine o'clock; I will not be tardy.

7. He will come to-morrow, and he shall have my pony to ride.

II. Read the following sentences in class, filling the blanks with shall or will. Give the reason for each choice.

1. Shall you go to church Sunday? I
2. Do you promise to be there in time? I-
3. Shall you stay in town this summer?

until August.

go.

be there.

We

stay

4. Will you promise to stay until I am ready to go? We- wait for you. We be glad to see you. be very tired to-night.

5. I am afraid I

6. I am afraid you

7. I am sure we

8. I am sure they

be very tired to-night.

be sea-sick.

be homesick.

9. Shall you be able to learn your lesson? We

not be able to learn the whole lesson, but we

study.

Observe that shall is used in asking a question if shall should be used in the answer; and will is used in asking a question if will should be used in the answer.

III. Write a command using the word shall.

Explain the difference in meaning between the two sentences of each pair:

1. He will study his lessons before going to town.

2. He shall study his lesson before going.

1. Your father says you will write us a letter.

2. Your father says you shall write us a letter.

Section 5. Verb-Phrases with "May" and "Can " Recall the following:

Can is used to tell what a person is able to do; and may is used to tell what a person is permitted or allowed to do.

Show the difference in meaning between the two sentences of each pair.

1. John may walk to the farm if he wishes.

2. John can walk to the farm if he wishes.

1. Father says I may rake the hay.

2.

Father says I can rake the hay.

1. We may drive these horses if we wish to do so.

2. We can drive these horses if we wish to do so.

Ask five questions beginning with May.

Write three statements and two exclamations using can or cannot in each sentence.

Section 6. Classes of Nouns

I. Study the sentences in Section 3 of this chapter. The name "girl" belongs to all girls in common; the name "Mary" belongs to an individual girl.

The name "boy" belongs to all boys in common ; the name "John" belongs to an individual boy. The name "village" is applied to all villages in common; the name "Haverhill" is given to a particular village.

A noun that names any one of a kind or class is called

a common noun.

A noun that names an individual person, place, or thing is called a proper noun.

A proper noun should begin with a capital letter.

II. Complete the sentences given below.

The subject of each is a proper noun. Complete with a common noun, a noun that names any one of the class to which the person named by the subject belongs.

1. Jules Breton is a French

2. Browning was an English
3. Pippa was a happy
4. Sir Galahad was a pure
5. Washington was a brave

III. In the following incomplete sentences, only the predicate is given, and every noun is a common noun. Complete each sentence with a subject that is a proper noun.

IV. Write ten proper nouns: five giving the names of artists, copies of whose pictures you have seen in this or other books; and five giving the names of poets whose poems are in this book. Write ten titles, giving (1) the name of a picture painted by each artist you have named; and (2) the name, or title, of a poem written by each poet you have named.

Give the rules for the capital letters you have used in writing these names and titles.1

Section 7. Review

Write an original sentence using a proper noun for the subject, and a common noun with a verbphrase in the predicate. Point out in your sentence: (1) the subject; (2) the predicate; (3) the asserting verb of the predicate. Tell why the noun subject is a proper noun; and why the noun in the predicate is

a common noun.

Write on the board a list of ten proper nouns. Show the difference in meaning between the two sentences of each pair of sentences below.

1. I shall come. I will come.

2. You will come. You shall come.

3. He will come.

He shall come.

4. We shall write soon.

We will write soon.

5. They will write to-morrow. They shall write to-morrow. 6. It will be as you wish

It shall be as you wish.

Give directions for the correct use of can and may.

Give examples.

1 If necessary, consult the rules at the end of the book.

CHAPTER III

IN THE WOODS

Section 1. Reading and Discussion Read aloud this description of a camping scene:

UNDER THE WHITE BIRCHES

Men may say what they will in praise of their houses,

but, for our part, we are agreed that there is nothing to be compared with a tent. . . . It follows the wishes of its inhabitants, and goes with them, a traveling home.. At their pleasure, new beds of wild flowers surround it, new plantations of trees overshadow it, and new avenues of shining water lead to its ever-open door.

But it must not be supposed that every spot in the woods is suitable for a camp. . . . It is always necessary to look carefully for a bit of smooth ground on the shore, far enough above the water to be dry, and slightly sloping, so that the head of the bed may be higher than the foot. Above all, it must be free from big stones and serpentine roots of trees. A root that looks no bigger than an inchworm in the daytime assumes the proportions of a boaconstrictor at midnight when you find it under your hip-bone. There should also be plenty of evergreens near at hand for the beds. Spruce will answer at a pinch; it has an aromatic smell; but it is too stiff and humpy. Hemlock is smoother and more flexible; but the spring soon wears out of it. The balsam-fir, with its elastic