Section 67. Uses of Demonstrative and Indefinite Pronouns I. (a) This is my choice of the books; I do not like that. (b) Some place the bliss in action, some in ease. (c) One that has newly learned to speak and go Loves childish plays. (d) None pities him that's in the snare. (e) None grow so old Not to remember where they hid their gold. (f) All is for the best. (g) All are needed by each one; Nothing is good or fair alone. (h) A little in one's own pocket is better than much in another's purse. (i) Many are called, but few are chosen. (j) Either of the plans seemed impracticable to the (m) Bear ye one another's burdens. 99 66 What is the difference in meaning between "this" and "that,' these" and "those"? How many are meant by "One" in (c)? by "None" in (d)? "None" in (e)? Account for the use of "is" in (f) and "are" in (g). What is the difference in meaning between "much" and "many" in (h) and (i)? When should you use "either” or “neither," and when should you use "any" or "not any"? Study (j) and (k) for your answers. How many persons are mentioned in (1)? How many may be meant in (m)? When should you use each other" and when one another"? 66 66 This and these are used to point out things near at hand; while that and those are used of things remote in time or place or thought. One and any were originally closely related; but one is now used only of one object; while we use any when referring to one or to several. EXAMPLE. Any suits me. Any suit me. None, the negative of one, strictly speaking, should be used of but one object, but it is now common to use none when referring to more than one; and when but one is meant, to use the words not one, or no one. All, when it means everything, is singular; all, when it means the whole number of things, is plural. Many refers to number and is plural; much refers to quantity and is singular. Either and neither are used when a choice between two is offered; one and not one, any and not any, when the choice is among several. Each other is used when speaking of two; one another when speaking of more than two. They should be treated as one word. EXERCISE II. Bring two sentences to class containing demonstrative pronouns, and three sentences containing indefinite pronouns. Also bring five sentences containing the same words used as adjectives. EXERCISE III. Analyze the following sentences. Parse all the pronouns. 1. To those whose god is honor, disgrace alone is sin. 2. Come one, come all! this rock shall fly From its firm base as soon as I. 3. An idle person is like one that is dead. 4. All that glitters is not gold. 5. Few, few shall part where many meet. 6. God made both tears and laughter; and both for kind purposes. 7. Hitherto the two rival European nations had kept each other in check upon the American continent, and the Indians had in some measure held the balance of power between them. 8. Seldom will one see in rich families that athletic soundness and vigor of constitution which is seen in cottages, where Nature is cook and Necessity the caterer. 9. Boys who are born in a small town are born free and equal. Every boy, good or bad, rich or poor, stands among boys on his own merits. The son of a banker who owns a turning pole in the back yard does homage to the baker's boy who can sit on the bar and drop and catch by his legs; while the good little boy, who is kept in wide collars and cuffs by a mistaken mother, gazes through the white paling of his father's fence at the troop headed for the swimming hole, and pays all the reverence which his dwarfed nature can muster to the sign of the two fingers. In the social order of boys who live in country towns, a boy is measured by what he can do, and not by what his father is. And so, Winfield Hancock Pennington, whose boy name was Piggy Pennington, was the King of Boyville. Section 68. Review Give examples to show that some words, usually other parts of speech, may at times become nouns. Can a collective noun have a plural? If so, write two sentences to illustrate. What is declension? How many forms has each noun? How many constructions or uses? Which three constructions are most common? What beside nouns may be the antecedents of pronouns? In how many constructions may personal pronouns be used? In how many constructions may conjunctive pronouns be used? What is another name for conjunctive pronouns? What is peculiar about the use of hers and yours? Give all the rules for the use of his and her. What kind of pronoun is often omitted? In what constructions it be omitted? What pronoun has the most forms in its declension? What pronoun always begins with a capital letter? What is the singular of "these" and "those"? Why should you say "between you and me" and not "between you and I"? Is there any such word as "his'n"? Is this right: " It's teeth were sharp"? Can you have the form it's? Illustrate. may Composition For the lesson in Composition, see page 233, Section 38. CHAPTER IV ADJECTIVES THEIR CLASSIFICATION AND COMPARISON Section 69. Adjectives An adjective has already been defined as a word that modifies the meaning of a noun or pronoun. (See Section 20.) A study of the following sentences will enable you to make a classification. (a) Long sentences in a short composition are like large rooms in a small house. (b) These seeds are destined to bear but little fruit. (c) There are no birds in last year's nest. (d) Soul, thou hast much goods laid up for many years. (e) The rich man wished to know what commandment is greatest. (f) I have learned, in whatsoever state I am, therewith to be content. (g) Wherefore let none in any wise be reckless, but calmly take whatever gifts the gods provide. (h) Many active young men are enlisting for the war. (i) Athletic, enthusiastic, restless men are enlisting for the war. In the sentences above, point out the adjectives that describe. In the same sentences, find the adjectives that limit the meaning of the nouns by pointing out; by telling the number; the quantity. In (e), is "what" a pronoun or an adjective? What would be a good name for it? What would be a good |