Thosen by Es Callard

THE

Compleat English Copyholder:

OR, A

Guide to Lords of Manors, Juftices of the
Peace, Tenants, Stewards, Attornies, Bailiffs,
Constables, Gamekeepers, Haywards, Reeves,
Surveyors of the Highways, &c. being the
Common and Statute Law of England, toge-
ther with the adjudged Cafes relating to
Manors, Copyhold Eftates, Courts-Leet and
Courts-Baron, Common Placed;

CONTAINING

The whole Practice of the Court-Leet, Court
of ancient Demefne, Court-Baron, and Mufick-
Court of the Honour of Tutbury, and the Bufinefs
of a Manor in all its Branches.

AND ALSO

The Tenures, Cuftoms, and Ufages of feveral Ma-
nors in England and Wales, thewing who has Right to
attend the Coronation of the Kings and Queens of
Great Britain, or to perform other Services to them,
or the Lords of the feveral Manors, collected from
Records, Manufcripts, and printed Books;

WITH

Directions for diftraining for Rent; by the late Sir Bar-
tholomew Shower.

VOL. I.

By a GENTLEMAN of the Inner Temple.

In the SAVOY:

Printed by E. and R. NUTT, and R. GOSLING, (Affigns
of E. Sayer, Efq;) for Innys and Manby at the West
End of St. Paul's Churchyard; Batley and Wood at the
Dove in Pater-Nofter-Row; Ward and Chandler, at the
Ship, between the Temple Gates, in Fleet-Street, and fold
at their Shop in Scarborough. MDCCXXXV.
1935

DL
ASL
RPC

V. I

THE

PREFACE.

A

Manor is a Kingdom in Miniature;

for as there can be no Kingdom without Lands, and Subjects; fo there can be no Manor without Demefnes and Services. If there be Lands and Subjects, there muft (according to the Conftitution of England) be a King; and if there be Demefnes and Services, there must be a Lord. As every Subject owes to the King true and faithful Allegiance, in Confideration whereof the Soveraign is to protect his Subjects; fo every Tenant owes Fealty to his Lord, and the Lord ought to defend bis Tenants. And Lord Coke in 2 Inft. P. 578. fays, "That the King can never "be rich, nor his Kingdom fafe, when "his Subjects are poor. As the King cannot be a Minor, or under Age, fo cannot the Lord, for, notwithstanding the Tendernefs of his Years, he may make a voluntary Grant by Copy.

A 2

The

The Author finding fuch an Affinity between a King in his Kingdom and a Lord in his Manor, apprehended he could not lay a better Plan for the enfuing Treatife than the Foundation of the Laws of

Great Britain.

The following Work confifts of the Common and Statute Law of England relating to Manors and Lords of Manors, their Stewards, Tenants, &c. together with the Cuftoms of feveral Manors in England and Wales, as far as could be collected from Records, Manufcripts, and printed Books; for which laft the Author is very much obliged to the Collection of the ingenious Mr. Blount and those two laborious and judicious Antiquaries, Mr. Somner and Mr. Madox. And to render the Work more compleat, there is alfo added the whole Practice of the Court-Leet and Court-Baron, with Forms of Charges to the Furies, &c. and as it is neceffary for fuch as are concerned in the Bufinefs of Court-keeping, to understand the Method of conveying Eftates, the Author has given Inftructions for drawing Conveyances, and likewife Admittances, Attornments, Bargains. and Sales, Bills of Sale, Conditions, Contracts, Covenants, Court-Rolls, Declarations, Deeds of Exchange, Deeds to levy Fines, De- . murrers, Deputations, Enfranchifements, Fines,

Grants,

Grants, Joinders in Demurrers, Jointures,
Leafes, Licences, Letters of Attorney, Mar-
riage-Settlements, Mittimus's, Mortgages,
Orders of Juftices of Peace, Petitions,
Plaints, Pleas, Presentments, Proclamations,
Recoveries, Replevins, Replications, Sum-
mons's, Superfedeas's, Surrenders, War-
rants, &c. with many others, the Parti-
culars of which the Reader will find in
the Index.

The old Terms made Ufe of in the Course
of this Work are explained, and their Ety-
mology given, which will be of great Service
to Lords of Manors, who will be hereby en-
abled to understand the obfolete Words they
Shall meet with in the original Grants of
their respective Eftates.

The Author remembering the Advice of the
famous Lawyer Littleton, Know, my Son, it
is the most honourable, laudable, and profi-
table Thing in the Law, to have the
Science of well Pleading in Actions real
and perfonal, and therefore I counsel thee
efpecially to employ thy Courage and Care
to learn this,' has introduced the Method
of fpecial Pleading, where a Manor it felf,
or any of the Tenures, Cuftoms, or Services
come in Question, which often happens by
Neglect or Ignorance.

The Statutes at large being inferted al-
phabetically under their proper Heads; the
Steward,