CHILE REPRESENTATIONS TO THE CHILEAN GOVERNMENT REGARDING PROPOSED LEGISLATION FAVORING CHILEAN MERCANTILE MARINE-Continued Date and number 1928 July Subject Page 117 Opinion that it would be preferable if regulations did not take form of providing or of apparently providing for repayment of Panama Canal tolls. (907) Transmittal of letter from the Secretary of Commerce, July 7, and data showing that reimbursement of canal dues is a fairly common practice among nations. CHINA 118 CONTINUED CIVIL WAR IN CHINA; OVERTHROW OF THE PEKING GOVERNMENT; AND REORGANIZATION OF THE NATIONALIST GOVERNMENT 1928 Feb. 20 (1403) From the Chargé in China 119 Summary of events and conditions in China during January: From the Chargé in China 123 Mar. 1 (1410) Mar. 21 (1443) Report on certain political and military movements and tendencies: Growing influence of Feng Yu-hsiang in Nanking regime; developments in South away from Nanking; regrouping of component parts of old Ankuochün in the North. From the Chargé in China Summary of events and conditions during February: Military operations; Communists; Kuomintang conference; political events at Peking, Nanking, etc.; developments in Szechwan. 125 Apr. 13 (229) From the Minister in China (tel.) 130 From Shanghai: Chiang Kai-shek's mandate published April 8 and 9 and statement relative to protection of foreign lives and property (texts printed). Apr. 17 (1468) From the Minister in China 132 Summary of events and conditions during March: Military operations; political events; boycott declared at Amoy against Japanese shipping. Apr. 20 (50) From the Ambassador in Japan (tel.) 136 May 5 Foreign Office statement (text printed) announcing intention to dispatch troops to the Shantung districts for the protection of Japanese residents and stating that the troops will be withdrawn as soon as the protection is no longer necessary. (Footnote: Information that the statement is identical with an unsigned memorandum handed to the Secretary of State by the Japanese Ambassador.) From the Consul General at Shanghai (tel.) From Tsinan, May 4: Report on clash between Japanese and Nationalist troops; consulate's efforts to stop fighting; receipt by the United States, British, and French consulates of a request from Chinese organizations for good offices to terminate fighting; information that U. S. lives and property are safe. 137 CHINA CONTINUED CIVIL WAR IN CHINA; OVERTHROW OF THE PEKING GOVERNMENT; AND REORGANIZATION OF THE NATIONALIST GOVERNMENT-Continued Date and number Subject Page 1928 May 7 (148) To the Minister in China (tel.) Undated [Rec'd May 9] May 9 (153) May 10 (330) For Price, Tsinan: Department's commendation of action taken during Sino-Japanese clash, and relief in learning of safety of Americans. Instructions to inform Department of developments as promptly as possible. From the Japanese Embassy Explanation of Japan's decision to dispatch additional troops to Shantung to ensure protection of Japanese residents and communication over the Shantung Railway; decision also to send troops to Tientsin and additional cruisers and destroyers to the Yangtze and to South China, in case of eventualities, with promise of their withdrawal as occasion permits. To the Minister in China (tel.) Instructions to inform consul at Tsinan that, if and when good offices are asked by both sides, he is authorized to mediate to terminate fighting. (Instructions to repeat to Tokyo.) 138 138 139 From the Minister in China (tel.) 140 Chang Tso-lin's circular telegram to the Chinese people (text printed) appealing for peace and indicating that the main object of the Peking regime in engaging in hostilities was the extermination of bolshevism. May 10 141 May 15 (1503) May 18 (368) May 22 (1511) June 15 (1545) Memorandum by the Assistant Secretary of State Conversation with the Chinese Minister during which the Minister proposed that the United States call a conference of powers to take place in the fall for the purpose of negotiating with the Chinese on the several questions at issue. From the Minister in China Summary of events and conditions during April: Military operations; dispatch of Japanese troops to Shantung; political events. From the Minister in China (tel.) From Tsinan, May 14: Report that Chiang Kai-shek personally assured American and British consuls he was prepared to negotiate with the Japanese commander in chief at any neutral consulate; fighting resumed after Chiang's departure from city; refusal of Chinese troops to accede to Japanese demand to surrender arms as only terms for peace. From the Minister in China Confidential letter from Peking Ministry of Foreign Affairs requesting mediation in endeavor to persuade Southern authorities to respond to Chang Tso-lin's appeal for peace; Minister's reply (text printed) stating that he could not espouse the proposals offered by one of the parties involved without the appearance of partisanship. Information that British, Netherlands, and Japanese colleagues were also approached. From the Minister in China Report on events and conditions during May: Military operations; Sino-Japanese clash at Tsinan; Japanese statement of May 18; protection of U. S. lives and property; developments at Hankow and Canton. 237577-43- -2 143 146 146 148 CHINA CONTINUED CIVIL WAR IN CHINA; OVERTHROW OF THE PEking Government; AND REORGANIZATION OF THE NATIONALIST GOVERNMENT-Continued Date and number Subject Page 1928 July 13 (914) To the Minister in China 153 Department's approval of reply to the Foreign Office request for mediation. July 16 (1572) From the Minister in China 153 Undated [Rec'd July 21] Summary of events and conditions in China during June: Statement that the whole responsibility for the Tsinan 158 Aug. 6 (1602) From the Minister in China 159 Summary of events and conditions during July: Military operations; political events; disbandment of troops; conditions in Manchuria and in Shantung. Sept. 14 (1673) From the Chargé in China 163 Summary of events and conditions during August: Political events; Kuomintang conference; Mongol uprising. Oct. 9 (1708) Nov. 12 (1750) From the Minister in China 167 Summary of events and conditions during September: Political events; conditions in China under Nationalist Government. From the Minister in China 170 Summary of events and conditions during October: Promulgation of the organic law of the Nationalist Government and inauguration of new government; Sino-Japanese relations; conditions in Chefoo. Dec. 12 (1804) From the Minister in China 174 Summary of events and conditions during November: Sinoforeign relations; Sino-Japanese treaty relations. 1929 Jan. 11 (1867) From the Minister in China 176 Summary of events and conditions during December: Sinoforeign relations; conditions in Manchuria. RECOGNITION BY THE UNITED STATES OF THE NATIONALIST GOVERNMENT IN 1928 Apr. 13 (266) Apr. 14 (120) CHINA From the Minister in China (tel.) Proposed reply (text printed) to request of attorney for the To the Minister in China (tel.) Approval of first two sentences of the Minister's proposed reply to request of attorney for the Nationalist authorities, and instructions to substitute Department's text for the last two sentences. 179 179 CHINA RECOGNITION BY THE UNITED STATES OF THE NATIONALIST GOVERNMENT IN CHINA-Continued Date and number Subject Page 1928 May 24 June 15 (188) June 15 (189) June 16 Memorandum by the Assistant Secretary of State Conversation with the Spanish Ambassador during which the Assistant Secretary stated that the United States had not recognized the Nationalist Government and would not recognize C. C. Wu as having any official status; that no relation existed between Mr. MacMurray's notes to Northern and Southern factions and Japan's action; and that alleged reports in the Japanese press regarding statements made by the Secretary of State concerning Japan's policy in China, were based upon misinformation. To the Minister in China (tel.) Information that Alfred Sze, the Chinese Minister, had that afternoon called without appointment and stated that he was replying in the affirmative to a cable from the Nationalist Government inquiring his willingness to continue as China's representative in Washington. To the Minister in China (tel.) Request for views regarding: (1) probability of establishment of a responsible government by Nationalists, (2) necessary steps toward recognition, at least on a de facto basis, (3) whether U. S. Government is prepared to indicate willingness to proceed with negotiations as soon as Nationalists Government is able to appoint authorized representatives. Probable consultation with other governments concerning recognition. Memorandum by the Assistant Secretary of State Conversation with the Japanese Chargé during which the Assistant Secretary stated that the United States had reached no decision regarding recognition of the Nationalist Government, that recognition was unnecessary for negotiation of certain phases of treaty situation, and that the United States had made no decision in regard to moving of Legation from Peking; and explained the status of Alfred Sze. June 18 Memorandum by the Secretary of State June 20 (487) Conversation with the British Chargé during which the Secretary explained the status of Alfred Sze and discussed the possibility of de facto recognition of Nationalist Government upon assurance of its stability. From the Minister in China (tel.) Views regarding recognition of the Nationalist Government: (1) Establishment by the Nationalists of a responsible government is problematical; (2) de facto status already exists between the United States and Nationalist Government; (3) it would be possible and advisable to reach an agreement with dominant party regarding customs duties. Recommendation that authorization be given him to enter into discussions with Nanking regime with a view to relinquishment by the United States of treaty restrictions affecting Chinese customs tariffs, and to reply as previously to any pressure by Nanking regime for further revision of treaties. Belief that further plans based on supposition that unity and peace in China are actualities is premature. 180 181 181 182 183 184 CHINA RECOGNITION BY THE UNITED STATES OF THE NATIONALIST GOVERNMENT IN CHINA-Continued Date and number Subject Page 1928 June 23 June 27 June 27 (499) June 28 (208) Memorandum by the Assistant Secretary of State Conversation between representatives of the Nationalist Government of China and officials of the State Department regarding method of organization of the Nationalist Government, and queries by C. C. Wu as to when the U. S. Government would be prepared to begin treaty revision negotiations and when it intended transferring its Legation from Peking to Nanking. Memorandum by the Assistant Secretary of State Conversation with the French Ambassador during which the Secretary stated that recognition of the Nationalist Government by the United States depended upon stabilization of conditions in China, but that the United States was in a position to commence tariff negotiations at an appropriate time, which would amount to a de facto recognition. From the Minister in China (tel.) Inquiry from attorney for the Nationalist authorities (text printed) whether the U. S. Government is prepared to recognize the Nationalist Government as having capacity to sue in the United States Court for China as a de facto government for the purpose of filing a suit in said court. Minister's reply (text printed) that United States is in de facto relationship with the Nationalist regime, but with reference to specific inquiry the question is one for judicial determination. To the Minister in China (tel.) 185 188 189 190 Approval of proposed reply to inquiry of attorney for the From the Minister in China (tel.) 190 Request for information concerning conversations at Washington initiated by French and other interested Governments concerning recognition of Nanking regime. July 9 (215) To the Minister in China (tel.) 190 Substance of conversations with the British, French, and Aug. 2 (592) From the Minister in China (tel.) 192 Request for instructions whether Nationalist regime should be dealt with as a fully recognized government. 192 Aug. 10 (265) Aug. 10 Aug. 11 To the Minister in China (tel.) View that signing of the treaty of July 25 with the Nationalist regime constitutes technically a recognition of that government. Instructions, however, to avoid answering inquiries regarding recognition, as the Secretary is considering the manner in which public affirmation of recognition shall be made. To President Coolidge Request for authority to publicly acknowledge, either in From President Coolidge (tel.) Authority to acknowledge that signing of the treaty is a recognition of the Nationalist Government. 193 193 |