Isaac D. Barnard, 1833, W. Chester. Powhatan Ellis, 1833, Winchester. William Marks, 1831, Pittsburg. George Adams, deceased.

Delaware.

John M. Clayton, 1835, Dover.

Maryland.

Louisiana.

Josiah S. Johnson, 1831, Alexandria.

Arnold Naudain, 1833, Wilmington. Edward Livingston, 1833, N. Orleans.

Tennessee.

E. F. Chambers, 1831, Chestertown. Hugh L. White, 1835, Knoxville.
Samuel Smith, 1833, Baltimore.
Felix Grundy, 1833, Nashville.

1833, Charles City. George M. Bibb, 1835, Yellow Banks.

John Tyler,
Litt. W. Tazewell, 1835, Norfolk.

North Carolina.

James Iredell, 1831, Raleigh.
Bedford Brown, 1835, Milton.

South Carolina.

Robert Y. Hayne, 1835, Charleston.
William Smith,
1831, York.

John Rowan,

1831, Bardstown.

William R. King, 1835, Selma.

John McKinley,

1831, Florence. Thomas H. Benton, 1833, St. Louis.

THE TWENTY-FIRST CONGRESS. THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTA

TIVES.

The term of the 21st Congress will expire on the 3d of March, 1831.

Andrew Stephenson, of Virginia, Speaker.

The Chief Justices and Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States since 1789, with the dates of their appointment, as stated in the "Journals of the Executive Proceedings of the Senate."

* Appointed by the President, July 1, 1795; nominated to the Senate Dec. 10, 1795; but

Levi Lincoln,†

Mass.

John Q. Adams,t
Gabriel Duvall,

The judicial power of the United States is vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as Congress may, from time to time, establish. The present judicial establishment of the United States, consists of a Supreme Court, thirty-one District Courts, and seven Circuit Courts, which are thus organized: the Supreme Court is composed of one Chief Justice, and six Associate Justices, who hold a court in the city of Washington, annually; besides which, each of these justices attends in a certain circuit, comprising two or more districts, appropriated to each, and, together with the judge of the district, composes a Circuit Court, which is held in each district of the circuit.

The District Courts are held, respectively, by the District Judge alone. Appeals are allowed from the District to the Circuit Courts in cases where the matter in dispute, exclusive of costs, exceeds the sum or value of fifty dollars, and from the Circuit Courts to the Supreme Court, in cases where the matter in dispute, exclusive of costs, exceeds the sum or value of two thousand dollars; and in some cases, where the inconvenience of attending a court by a justice of the Supreme Court is very great, the District Courts are invested with Circuit Court powers. Each state is one district, for the purpose of holding District and Circuit Courts therein, with the exception of New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Tennessee, Louisiana, and Alabama, each of which is divided into two Districts. There are, besides, Territorial Courts, which are temporary, and lose that character whenever a Territory becomes a State. In addition to the District Court for the District of Columbia, there is a Circuit Court for that District, which exercises, under the authority of Congress, common law and equity jurisdiction similar to that of the County Courts of Maryland and Virginia.

Each court has a clerk, a public attorney, or prosecutor, and a marshal; all of whom are appointed by the President of the United States, with the exception of the clerks, who are appointed by the courts. The compensation of the judges is fixed by law; that of the clerks, attorneys, and marshals, consists of fees, and in a few instances, as it regards attorneys, and marshals, of a yearly salary of about 200 dollars. It is very difficult to ascertain the amount per annum of the fees received in each case, as the payment of them is frequently procrastinated, and in some cases they are entirely lost. The appointments are made by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.

By an act of Congress of the 15th of May, 1820, district attorneys are to be appointed for four years only, removable at pleasure. Marshals have always held their offices for four years, removable at pleasure, in pursuance of the 27th section of an act of the 24th of September, 1789; so that the Marshals who have held their places from an earlier date, have been recommissioned many times. The judges hold their offices during good behavior, and can be removed only on impeachment.