SWEDEN AND NORWAY. KING AND ROYAL FAMILY. CHARLES XIV. (formerly Marshal Bernadotte), King of Sweden and Norway; b. Jan. 26, 1764: elected Crown Prince of Sweden, August 21, 1810; succeeded to the throne, on the death of Charles XIII, Feb. 5, 1818; m. Aug. 16, 1798, EUGENIE Bernardhine DE CLARY, b. Nov. 8, 1781 :Issue: Joseph Francis OSCAR, Crown Prince; b. July 4, 1799; m. June 3, 1823, to Princess Josephine of Leuchtenberg, b. March 14, 1807 :-Issue : 1. Charles Louis Eugene, Duke of Scania; b. May 3, 1826. GOVERNMENT. Sweden and Norway, though under the government of one and the same king, who is a limited monarch, have different Constitutions. The Diet or legislative body of Sweden consists of four orders, 1st, nobles, hereditary; 2dly, bishops, ex officio, and clergy; 3dly, merchants or citizens; 4thly, peasants or agriculturists. Each body deliberates separately. The Diet has the right of legislation and taxation, and the superintendence of the finances; but the king has an unconditional veto. The Council of State, composed of two ministers, six Counsellors of State, the Chancellor of the Court, as permanent members, and reporters (rapporteurs) form the ministry of the king. The two Ministers of State, the Marshal of the Empire, and Lords of the Empire, are the highest officers of the kingdom. Count de Gyllenborg, Count de Rosenblad, Council of State. Minister of Justice. Minister of Foreign Affairs and of the Department of the Colonies. Lord of the Empire, Counsellor of State. Count de Moerner, Count de Loewenhielm, Baron de Nordin, M. de Bergensköld, M. de Skogman, do. do. do. do. Chancellor of the Court. Reporters (Rapporteurs.) Major Gen. Count de Brahe, Vice-Admiral M. de Klint, Chancellor of Justice. do. do. do. do. Secretary for Ecclesiastical Affairs. His Royal Highness, the Crown Prince, Grand Admiral of Sweden, Chief Director of the administration of the Navy, and Grand Master of Artillery. Count de Fleming, Marshal of the Empire, and Head of the Royal Court. NORWAY. The Constitution of Norway combines the principles of monarchy and democracy. Nobility is abolished, and the legislative body or Diet, called the Storthing, consists of two houses. The Council of State, composed of the Governor of the kingdom, the ministry of state, and counsellors of state, form the ministry of the kingdom of Norway. The secretaries of state are not members. One part of the ministry, namely the minister of state and two counsellors of state, who change alternately every year, reside at the royal court at Stockholm: the others compose the regency at Christiania. Counsellors of State. Part of the Council of State at Stockholm. M. Löwenskjöld, M. Krog, M. Due, Secretary of State. Minister of State. Part of the Council of State at Christiania. Count de Platen, Governor General of the Kingdom. M. Collet, M. Dirricks, M. de Fasting, Head of the Departments of Finance, Commerce, and Head of the Department of Religion. Head of the Departments of the Navy and the Army. Secretary of State. RUSSIA. EMPEROR AND IMPERIAL FAMILY. NICHOLAS, Emperor of all the Russias, and King of Poland; b. July 6, 1796; m. July 13, 1817, ALEXANDRA (formerly Charlotte), daughter of the King of Prussia, b. July 13, 1798; succeeded his brother Alexander, Dec. 1. 1825-Issue : 1. ALEXANDER, Hereditary Prince; b. April 29, 1818. 2. Mary; b. August 18, 1819. 3. Alga; b. Sept. 11, 1822. 4 Alexandra; b. June 24, 1825. 5. Constantine; b. Sept. 21. 1827. Princes of the Blood. Constantine; b. May 8. 1779; renounced his right to the throne, Jan. 26, 1822, with the consent of the Emperor Alexander, and confirmed his renunciation, Dec. 8, 1825; m. May 24, 1820, June, Princess of Lowicz. Maria, Princess of Saxe-Weimar; b. Feb. 16, 1786. Anne, Princess of Orange; b. Jan. 18, 1795. Michael; b. Feb. 9, 1798; m. Feb. 20, 1824, Paulina, niece of the King of Wurtemberg, b. Jan. 9, 1807 :—Issue; Maria, Elizabeth, and Catherine. GOVERNMENT. The government of Russia is an absolute hereditary monarchy; and in the succession to the throne females are not excluded. The government is con ducted by a Council of the Empire, the Ministry, and a Senate; but there is no representative body. The late Emperor Alexander gave the Senate the right of remonstrating against any ukase or edict contrary to law. It is a body partly deliberative and partly executive, and forms the highest judicial tribunal of the empire. It is divided into 9 departments or sections, of which six, comprising 62 members, hold their sittings at St. Petersburg, and three sections, with 26 members, at Moscow. The ministers of the great departments are responsible to the Senate. The established religion is that of the Greek Church, but all others are tolerated. COUNCIL OF THE EMPIRE. Count Victor Kotschoubey (Actual Privy Counsellor), President of the Council. M. de Paschkoff, Pres. of the Department of Legislation; (Grand-Veneur.) Count Peter de Tolstoi, General of Cavalry, Pres. Dep. of Military Affairs. M. Nicol de Mordwinoff (Admiral), President of the Department of Civil and Ecclesiastical Affairs. Prince Alexis de Kourakin (Actual Privy Counsellor), President of the Department of Political Economy. MINISTRY OF STATE. (Ministres à Portfeuille.) His Royal Highness Duke Alexander of Wurtemberg, General of Cavalry, Director General of the Department of Canols, Bridges, and Roads. Prince Peter de Volkonsky, General of Infantry, Aide-de-Camp General, Minister of the Imperial Court, and Minister des Apanages. Prince Alexander Galitzyn, (Actual Privy Counsellor,) Director General of he Post-Office of the Empire. Count de Nesselrode, Vice-Chancellor, and Minister of Foreign Affairs. Prince Charles de Liven, General of Infantry, Minister of Public Instruction. M. Georges de Kankrin, General of Infantry, Minister of Finance. M. de Zakrefsky, General of Infantry, Minister of the Home Department. M. Anthony, de Moller, (Admiral), Minister of the Nary. M. Alexis Khitroff, Privy Counsellor, Comptroller General of the Empire. Prince Alexis Dolgorouky, Privy Counsellor, Attorney General, and Minister of Justice. His Imperial Highness the Grand Duke Constantine, Commander in Chief of the Army of Poland. DENMARK. KING AND ROYAL FAMILY. FREDERICK VI, King of Denmark, Duke of Pomerania; b. Jan. 28, 1768; declared co-regent with his Father Christian VII, April 14, 1784, suc- ceeded to the throne March 13, 1808; m. July 31, 1790, SOPHIA FREDERICA, niece of the Elector of Hesse-Cassel, b. Oct. 28, 1767: Issue :— 1. Caroline; b. Oct. 28, 1793; m. to Prince Frederick Ferdinand, Aug. 1, 1829. 2. Wilhelmina; b. Jan. 17, 1808; m. to Prince Frederick, Nov. 1. 1820. CHRISTIAN FREDERICK, Crown Prince, cousin to the King; b. Sept. 18, 1786; m. (I) Feb. 18, 1806, Charlotte Frederica, Princess of Mecklenburg; (-Issue; 1. Frederick; b. Oct. 6, 1808; m. Princess Wilhelmina, Nov. 1, 1828); m. (II) May 22, 1815, Carolina Amelia, daughter of the Duke of Holstein-Augustenburg: - Issue; 2. Julienna; 3. Charlotte; 4. Frederick Ferdinand, b. Nov. 22, 1792; m. the Princess Caroline Aug. 1, 1829. GOVERNMENT. Denmark has been since 1660, in law, an absolute monarchy of the most unqualified kind; the will of the King is supreme, in both civil and ecclesiastical affairs; but in religion he must be of the Confession of Augsburg. The crown is hereditary in the male line. PRIVY MINISTRY OF THE KING. Count de Schimmelmann, Privy Minister of State, Head of the Department of Foreign Affairs. M. de Moesting, Privy Minister of State for Finance, and President of the Chamber of Finance. M. de Sehestedt, Privy Minister of State, Head of the Chamber of Commerce and Customs. Count de Moltke, Privy Minister of State, President of the German Chancery. M. Malling, Privy Minister of State for Public Instruction. M. de Steemann, Privy Minister of State and Justice, President of the Danish Chancery. NETHERLANDS. KING AND ROYAL FAMILY. WILLIAM, King of the Netherlands, Prince of Orange-Nassau, and Grand Duke of Luxemburg; b. Aug. 24, 1772; succeeded his father in his hereditary possessions in Germany, April 9, 1806; declared Sovereign Prince of the Netherlands Dec. 3, 1813; assumed the crown March 15, 1815; m. Oct. 1, 1791, WILHELMINA, sister of the King of Prussia, b. Nov. 18, 1774 Issue :: 1. WILLIAM, Prince Royal and Prince of Orange; b. Dec. 6, 1792; m. Feb. 21, 1816, Anne, sister of the Emperor of Russia, b. Jan. 18, 1795:Issue; William, b. Feb. 18, 1817; Alexander, b. Aug. 2, 1818; Frederick, b. June 13, 1820; Sophia, b. April 8, 1824. 2. Frederick; b. Feb, 28, 1797; m. May 21, 1825, Louisa, 3d daughter of the king of Prussia-Issue; Alexandrina, h. Aug. 5, 1828. 3. Marianne; b. May 9, 1810. GOVERNMENT. The kingdom of the Netherlands, which was constituted in 1814, is a limited hereditary monarchy. The Constitution is formed on the basis of the representative system, and bears a close resemblance to that of Great Britain. The executive power is vested in the King; the legislative power in the King and the States-General, consisting of two Houses. The members of the Upper House are named by the King for life. They must be 40 years of age; in number not less than 40, nor more than 60; and their titles are not hereditary. The members of the Lower House, 110 in num |