6. For regulations securing, in a legal manner, the condition of officers both military and naval, of all ranks ; 7. For departmental and municipal institutions founded on system; 8. For public instruction and liberty in teaching; an elective 9. For the abolition of the double vote, and for fixing the qualifications of electors and deputies. Special Provisions. All the creations of Peers, during the reign of Charles X., are declared null and void. Article 23 of the Charter (the 27th of the old Charter) shall undergo a fresh examination during the Session of 1831. Upon condition of accepting these provisions and propositions, the Chamber of Deputies declares, that the universal and pressing interest of the French People calls to the throne his Royal Highness Louis Philip, Duke of Orleans, Lieutenant-General of the kingdom, and his descendants for ever from male to male, in the order of primogeniture, and to the perpetual exclusion of the female branches and their descendants. In consequence his Royal Highness Louis Philip, Lieutenant-General of the kingdom, shall be invited to accept and make oath to the above clauses and engagements-the observance of the Constitutional Charter, and the modifications indicated-and after having made oath before the assembled Chambers, to assume the title of the King of the French. Debated at the Palace of the Chamber of Deputies, 7th August, 1830. Presidents and Secretaries.- Lafitte, Vice-President. Jaqueminot, Pavée de Vendeurre, Cunin Gridaine, Jurs. Examined with the original by us President and Secretaries-Lafitte, Jars, Jacqueminol, Pavée de Vendeuvre, Deputy de l'Aube. Cunin Gridaine Deputy des Ardennes. M. Casimir-Perrier, & M. J. Lafitte, Ministers of State. President of the Committee of Legislation and the Administration of Justice in the Council of State. President of the House of Peers. President of the House of Deputies. The number of Deputies is 430. The number of Peers, before the recent revolution, was 367, of which 93, who were created by Charles X, have been disqualified from taking their seats under the new government, by the decision of the Chamber of Deputies. The old Charter permitted only those Frenchmen (30 years old) who paid annually 300 francs in direct taxes, to be electors, and those only to be eligible, who paid 1,000 francs. Of nearly 32,000,000 of people there were supposed to be only about 80,000 electors; and only 5,000 or 6,000 persons eligible. The new Charter leaves these qualifications to be settled by law. PRUSSIA. KING AND ROYAL FAMILY. FREDERICK WILLIAM III., King of Prussia, Margrave of Branden burg, and Sovereign Duke of Silesia; b. Aug. 3, 1770; succeeded his father Frederick William II. Nov. 16, 1797; m. Dec. 14, 1793, Louisa Augusta, Princess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, who died July 13, 1810. [m. (II.) (by private marriage, mariage morganatique) Nov. 9, 1824, to Augusta, Princess of Liegnitz :]-Issue by the first marriage :— 1. FREDERICK WILLIAM, Prince Royal; b. Oct. 15, 1795; m. Nov 29, 1823, Elizabeth Louisa, sister of the king of Bavaria, b. Nov. 13, 1801. 2. William Louis; b. March 22, 1797; m. June 11, 1829. Augusta, daughter of the Duke of Saxe-Weimar. 3. Charlotte, Empress of Russia, b. July 13, 1798. 4. Charles; b. June 29, 1801; m. May 26, 1827, Maria, daughter of the Duke of Saxe-Weimar. 5. Alexandrina; b. Feb. 23, 1803; m. Sept. 24, 1820, to Prince Frederick of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. 6. Louisa; b. Feb. 1, 1808; m. May 21, 1825, to Frederick of Orange. 7. Albert; b. Oct. 4, 1809. GOVERMENT. The government of Prussia is an absolute monarchy, and is perhaps as military in its character as any other in Europe. The king is assisted by a ministry or cabinet, on a similar footing to that of England; but there is no representative assembly, although the royal decree of May 22, 1815, promised the nation a representative constitution. The king, some years since, however, established Provincial Estates, which may be consulted in regard to taxation, and discuss what is laid before them by the authority of the sovereign; but they have not the power of even making propositions to the government. The religion of the royal family is the Calvinist or Evangelical; but there is no religion of state, and all denominations are equally tolerated. In 1817, the Lutherans and Calvinists of Prussia and some other German states formed a union under the name of Evangelical Christians. SUPREME AUTHORITIES. The Ministry of State. The Ministry of State is composed of his Royal Highness the Prince Royal, the Actual Privy Counsellor of State, the General of the Infantry, Count de Lottum, and the chiefs of particular ministries or departments. The President of the Council of State, Duke Charles of Mecklenburg, has the right to assist at the conferences of the Ministry of State when he pleases. Particular Ministries or Departments. Baron d'Altenstein, Minister for Ecclesiastical Affairs, Public Instruction, and Health, and Privy Minister of State. Baron de Schuckmann, Min. of Interior, and Privy Minister of State. Prince de Sayn-Wittgenstein, Chief Minister of the King's Household, Privy Counsellor of State, and Grand Chamberlain. Count de Bernstorff, Minister for Foreign Affairs, and Minister of State and of the Cabinet. M. de Hake, Minister of War and of State; General of the Infantry. Count Dankelmann, Minister of Justice, and Privy Minister of State. M. de Motz, Minister of Finance, and Minister of State. EDUCATION. The Prussian government is distinguished for patronizing learning; and the kingdom is one of the best educated in Europe. The following particulars respecting primary education are taken from the official statement for the year 1825. ANTHONY, King of Saxony; b. Dec. 27, 1755; succeeded his brother Frederick Augustus, May 12, 1827; m. MARIA THERESA, sister of the Emperor of Austria. Maria Amelia, sister of the King; b. Sept. 26, 1757. MAXIMILIAN, brother of the King; b. April 13, 1759; m. (I.) Caroline, of Parma, March 1, 1804; m. (II.) Maria Louisa, sister of the Duke of Lucca, Nov. 7, 1825-Issue by the 1st marriage ;-Amelia, b. Aug. 10, 1794; Maria, April 27, 1796; FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, lately appointed Joint Regent, b. May 18, 1797, m. 1819, Caroline of Austria:-Anne, b. Nov. 15, 1799; John, b. Dec. 12, 1801, m. 1822, Amelia of Bavaria. GOVERNMENT. The government is a limited monarchy. There is an Assembly of Estates composed of three orders, clergy, nobility or gentry, and deputies from the towns. This Assembly regulates the taxes and imposts, and deliberates on important laws. The inhabitants are chiefly Protestants; the number of Catholics being computed at only 48,000, though the religion of the reigning family has been Catholic since the year 1697. SUPREME AUTHORITIES OF STATE. Count Detlev d'Einsiedel, Minister of the Cabinet and Secretary of State. [Recently dismissed.] M. de Minckwitz, (Actual Confidential Counsellor, and Major General), Director of the Department of Foreign Affairs. Members of the Privy Council. His Royal Highness Prince Frederick Augustus. M. de Nostitz and Jaenkendorf, Minister of Conference. Baron de Werthern, Minister of Conference and Chancellor. General de Zezschwitz, Actual Privy Counsellor and President. LEIPSIC LITERARY FAIR. Leipsic is the greatest centre of bookselling in Germany. The following statement of the number of new books offered at this literary fair, for 15 years, exhibits a surprising regularity of increase. WILLIAM, King of Hanover, (William IV, King of Great Britain.) GOVERNMENT. The King of Great Britain is King of Hanover; yet Great Britain and Hanover have no political incorporation with each other, but have different constitutions; and the succession to the throne in Hanover is limited to the male line. The power of the King is limited by the States, which consist of the nobility, the heads of the church, and the deputies of the towns. The King's Ministry of State and Cabinet. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, Governor General. Count de Munster, resident in Lond. as Min. Reporter (Rapporteur.) M. de Bremer, Min. of For. Affairs, Finance, and of the Post-Office. M. de Meding, Minister of the Interior, Police, Mines, Commerce, and Manufactures. M. de Ompteda, Minister of War; of the Boundaries of the Kingdom, Roads, and Bridges. Baron de Stralenheim, Minister of Ecclesiastical Affairs, the University of Gottingen, Public Instruction, the Administration of Convents, National Economy, and Fiefs. M. de Schmidt Phiseldeck, Privy Coun. and Head of the Dep. of Just. WURTEMBERG. KING AND ROYAL FAMILY. WILLIAM, King of Wurtemberg, Duke of Swabia and Teek; b. Sept. 27, 1781; succeeded his father Frederick, Oct. 30, 1816; m. (I.) Jan. 24, 1816, Catharine, sister of the Emperor of Russia and widow of the Duke of Oldenburg, b. May 21, 1788, d. Jan. 9, 1819:—m. (II.) April 15, 1820, PAULINA, daughter of his uncle, Duke Alexander, b. Sept. 11, 1800:Issue, by the first marriage : 1. Maria; b. Oct. 30, 1816.-2. Sophia; b. June 17, 1818.-Issue by the 2d marriage:-3. Catharine; b. Aug. 24, 1821.-4. CHARLES, Prince Royal; b. March 6, 1823 ;-5. Augustus; b. Oct. 4, 1826. GOVERNMENT. The government is a constitutional monarchy. The Constitution which was formed in 1819, provides for a legislative Assembly of States, composed of two houses, one consisting of members chosen for life among the nobles, and the other of members elected by the people for the term of six years. LOUIS, King of Bavaria; b. Aug. 25, 1786, succeeded his father Maximilian Joseph, Oct. 13, 1825; m. Oct. 12, 1810, THERESA, daughter of the Duke of Saxe-Altenburg, b. July 8, 1792 :-Issue : 1. MAXIMILIAN, Prince Royal; b. Nov. 28, 1811. 2. Matilda; b. Aug. 30, 1813. 3. Otho; b. June 1, 1815. 4. Leopold; b. March 14, 1821. 5. Adeline; b. March 19, 1823. GOVERNMENT. The government has been, since 1818, a constitutional monarchy. The Parliament or Diet is composed of two chambers or houses, namely, a Senate or Chamber of Peers, and a House of Commons or Chamber of Deputies, consisting of representatives of the lower nobility, the Catholic and Protestant clergy, cities, towns, and agriculturists. The Ministers are responsible; though they have great power. AUSTRIA. EMPEROR AND IMPERIAL FAMILY. FRANCIS, Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, Bohemia, Lombardy, and Venice, and President of the German Confederation; b. at Florence, Feb. 12, 1768; succeeded his father Leopold II, as Emperor of Germany, July 7, 1792; declared himself Hereditary Emperor of Austria, Aug. 11, 1804, and resigned his title of Emperor of Germany, Aug. 6, 1806; m. (I.) Jan. 6, 1788, Elizabeth of Wurtemberg, who died 1790; m. (II.) Aug. 14, 1790, Maria Theresa, daughter of Ferdinand IV of Sicily, who died April 13, 1807 m. (III.) Jan. 9, 1808, Maria Louisa Beatrix, daughter of the Duke of Modena, who died April 7, 1816; m. (IV.) Nov. 10, 1816, Caro |