Credit, 159 f. Customs, of the clan, 20-26, 30, 31, 34; contrasted with law, 59-61; of merchants, 99-100.
Declaration of Independence,
133, 171, 172, 183, 273, 274 f. Democracy, favored by town life, 88; growth in early state, 111-15; limits of, 116; law as aid to, 127 f.; pro- moted by religious teachers, 129 f.; by philosophers, 130; based on freedom and respon- sibility, 141-43; Vin New World settlers, 149-153; in- fluence of frontiers on, 152, 291; two meanings of, 221; four reasons for self-govern- ment, 222-28; blocked by the Constitution and courts, 261; as equality, 268-83; progress and present tasks of, 284-96; opposed by militarism, 47, 49, 315. See Autocracy, Equal- ity, Liberty, Militarism, Self- Government. Domesday Book, 42, 53.
Education, necessary for free- dom, 102, 115, 119, 120, 177- 79; makes for international harmony, 313, 321. See In- vention, Knowledge. Egypt, slavery in, 44; justice in, 135.
Emerson, R. W., 320.
Equality and inequality, as theories of society, 268 ff.; arguments for each, 269-82; five kinds of, 284 ff.; before the law, 284 f.; in voting, 285-89; social, 289-94; in business, 294. Equity, 130.
Franklin, Benjamin, 170, 190. Freedom, in savage life, 31; in early England, 41 f., 93; de- velopment of, 101 ff.; mean-
ings of, 101 ff.; and respon- sibility, 141-43. See Liberty. Free men, in Domesday, 42; in Magna Carta, 106, 121. See Liberty.
Frontier, influence of, 152 f., 291.
Gentlemen and gentry, 73-76, 93, 149 f. Gilds, 86-88.
Goodnow, Frank J., 263 f. Government, in early clan by custom and old men, 20 ff.; by lord and his court, 40; by king and state, 46 ff., 55 ff., 112; by law, 59, 127 f.; en- larged to include Parliament, 112-14; based on consent of governed, 133, 171 f.; oppres- sion by feared, 174, not now chief danger, 179-81; organi- zation of national in United States, 183 ff.; powers of federal, 193; checks and bal- ances in, 198 ff.; democratic, 221-29; by special interest, 232-39; progress toward de- mocracy, 241 ff. See Consti- tution, Courts, Democracy, King, Law, Party, President, Self-Government, Suffrage. Grant, U. S., 306 f., 308. Groups, clan as early, 16;
state, 46; warrior, 36 ff., 66; gentry, 74 f.; morals of, 76. See Labor Unions, State, Town, Union.
Hale, E. E., 148. Hamilton, Alexander, 197, 200, 242. Hobbes, 274.
Honesty, among traders, 98 f.; required by gilds, 99, 100. Honor, 67; as ideal of warrior class, 67-76; other ideals, 97 f., 307. See Honesty.
Ideals, of warrior class, ch.
VII; of knight, 72; of gen-
King, head of warriors, 36; in- creasing powers of, 49-54; as keeper of order, 57 f.; pro- moter of trade, 51; and jury, 109; in relation to law, 126- 28; tendency to wars of aggression, 228. See Democ- racy, Militarism. Kipling, Rudyard, 277. Knight, 72.
Knowledge, of early man, 6-8, 33; necessary for progress, 34; favored by towns, 91-93; necessary for liberty, 115 f., 119, 177 f.; tends toward in- ternational harmony, 313.
Law, the common, 59-62; com- pared with customs, 60 f.; de- fense of liberty, 62, 107 f., 125-28; worked injustice, 139; built up by judicial de- cisions, 225-58; by interpreta- tions, 258-60; constitution as fundamental, 260. See Con- stitution, Courts.
Law Merchant, 99 f. League of Peace, 314. Liberty, protected by common law, 61 f.; of the gild, 87; promoted by towns, 89, 94; six meanings of, 101-15; na- tional, 103-6; special privi- lege, 45, 87, 94, 106 f., 120- 23, 125; civil, 61 f., 107-111, 172-74; political, 111-15, 121- 23, 172 f., 286-88; how gained, 117-28; religious, 138, 168, 173; value of, 105 f., 141; meaning of in 1776, 174; edu- cation as aid to, 177-179; present problems of, 180-82; and union, 207; threatened by war, 317; war in defense of, 319 f. See Freedom, Rights. Lincoln, Abraham, quoted, 168, 221, 223; on slavery issue, 205, 207; on the Supreme Court's decision, 262 f.; on the meaning of the Declara- tion, 275; on might and right, 322.
Locke, John, 132 f., 274. Long ballot, 239.
Lowell, J. R., 320, 322. Loyalty, to group, 32; to a lord, 70 f.; to a nation, 206 f., 297 f.; to mankind, 321.
Machines, 154-56. Madison, James, 197 f., 242. Magna Carta, 106, 118, 121. Majority rule, 224 f. Manor, 39-42.
Marbury vs. Madison, 260. Marriage, 22. Marshall, John, 261. Mayflower, 147, 185-87. McLaughlin, A. C., 198. Merchants, early, usually for- eigners, 98, 148; in town life, 81; early morals of, 98 f.; customs and law, 99 f. Mexican War, 308 f. Militarism, what it is, 315; origin, 42-45; ideals of, 77- 80; opposed to democracy, 47, 49; contemptuous of non- military, 66, 77 f., 315; its view of war, 315 f.; criticism of, 318, 320-22. See also Pa- cifism, War.
Milton, John, 131 f. Money, 159.
Monroe Doctrine, 299, 301-5. More, Thomas, 136-38.
Nation, the United States as, 168, 183, 207, 297 f.; limits of a single, 298; relations to other nations, 297-315. See International Relations, State, Union.
Ordinance of 1787, 176, 177. Pacifism, its arguments, 317 f. Panama Canal tolls, 308, 310. Panama Zone controversy, 308, 310.
Parliament, 54, 112-14, 247. Party, early fear of, 242; agency of government, 241- 46, 248 f.
Paul, St., 103, 273. Peace, 55; the king's, 57 f.; United States policy, 299, 311-15; as ideal compared with coöperation, 314. See Coöperation, Pacifism, War. Peasant Revolt, 118 f., 129. Philip, Captain, 73. Philippines, 309 f. Pilgrims, 147, 168, 185-87. Plato, 137. Post office, 203 f.
President, of the United States, original idea of the office, 198 f., 245; as representative of the people, 246, 248 f.; election of, 241; head of his party, 248 f.
Progress, main stages, 8; tasks of, 34; in government, lib- erty, democracy, interna- tional relations, union, see these titles. Property, in land, 62-65; aid to freedom, 124; More on, 137 f.; regarded as natural right, 172, 173; in the Con- stitution, 199.
Race problems, 208-14. Railways, aids to commerce, 155; capitalization of, 160; attempted to control govern- ment, 235.
Recall, 251; of judges, 252-54. Referendum, 250 f Religion, and liberty, 129 f., 135, 137, 138, 173. See also Liberty.
Revolution, American, of 1776, 153, 291.
Revolution, Industrial, nature of, 153-62; problems set by, 162-67; makes classes, 293, and also promotes democracy in labor, 293 f.
Rights, natural, 103, 133 f., 170; in Virginia Declaration, 171; in Declaration of Inde- pendence, 171. See Liberty, civil.
Robin Hood, 136. Roosevelt, Theodore, 303, 310. Rousseau, 134.
Savage society, chs. I, II, III. Scott, Walter, 18, 19, 37. Self-government, democracy as, 221-29; obstacles to, 230-40; progress toward, by parties, 241-45; in choice of Presi- dent, 241; further measures toward, 250 ff. See Democ- racy, Government.
Serfs. See Slavery, Villein.
Shay's Rebellion, 189 f. Short Ballot, 240.
Sidney, Philip, 73.
Slavery, 36, 43, 44, 103, 164, 176, 204, 223. Solomon, 14, 90. Spain, war with, 309. State, formed by band of war-
riors, 46 ff.; expansion of, 49; source of order, 55 ff.; of common law, 59. See De- mocracy, Government, King. Suffrage, Parliamentary, 113 f., 247; qualifications for, in colonies and United States, 286-88; equal, 288. Supreme Court, of the United
States, 230 f.; place in Con- stitution, 199, 230 f.; as in- terpreter of the Constitution, 260 f.;
Lincoln on, 262 f.; various decisions of, 219, 266.
Taboo, 11, 24, 25, 26, 30. Taft, William H., 213, 310; on judiciary, 254, 263. Tammany Hall, 233 f. Taxation, 52 f. Tithing, 58.
Tools, 7, 13, 154.
Town, the, origin, 83; classes in, 84, favored liberty, 89, 94. 94.
Trade, gifts as, 13, 14; favored
by kings, 51; connected with growth of towns and middle class, 81-95. Trade-unions. See Labor Unions. Turner, Frederick, 291.
Union, as source of power and progress, 8; limits in clan life, 33; larger of state, 37 ff.; of towns, 81; of gilds, 86-88, of factory workers, 157; among the early colonists, 183; need of closer, 189; pro- vided by constitution, 192- 201; further growth of, 202- 7; threatened by slavery is- sue, 204-6, problems of race, 208-14; of capital and labor, 214-20; among nations, 298, 313.
Village, 37, 38, 39, 46, 63. Villeins, 41, 42, 44 f., 114, 118 f.
War and warriors, 36, 42-45; ideals of, 65-80; defects in warrior's courage, 68; in loyalty, 71; Civil, the, 183, 207, 209; Mexican, 308 f.; with Spain, 309; arguments for, 316 f.; against, 317 f.; not the worst evil, 319 f.; shows backwardness of civili- zation, 320-22. Washington, George, 190 f., 293; on foreign policy of the United States, 299, 305,
Webster, Daniel, 216 f. Wilson, Woodrow, on democracy vs. autocracy, 228 f.; on Mon- roe Doctrine, 304; also 213, 248, 315.
Women, in savage life, 10, 11, 17, 23; in the manor, 47; in the state, 48 f.; in chivalry, 72; voters, 288.
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