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Mineral Resources.-The Tuscan Mineral Springs, located in this county, are attracting considerable attention. Large quantities of salt, borax, etc., are made by the action of these waters. Coal abounds in different portions of the county.

Finances, July, 1858.-Floating debt, $14,650; cash in treasury, $2,450; actual debt, $12,200. Receipts for past fiscal year, $16,801; expenditures Assessed value of property, $1,939,092.

same period, $14,900.

Attorneys.-Red Bluff: James Combs, Warner Earll, W. R. Harrison, M. H. Myrick; Tehama: R. C. Baker, A. C. Morse.

Physicians.-Cold Spring Valley: E. W. Inskeep; Cottonwood: J. A. Ruff; Nome Lackee Reserve: Dr. Hastings; Red Bluff: J. R. Bradway, J. M. Hoge, W. C. Newsom, J. W. Noyes, W. D. Olendorf, W. A. Roll; Tehama: J. M. Betts, Silas Buck, Dr. Hand, N. Tarter.

XLI. TRINITY COUNTY.

COUNTY SEAT-WEAVERVILLE.

Trinity County, organized 1851. Boundaries: North by Klamath and Siskiyou, east by Siskiyou and Shasta, south by Mendocino and west by Humboldt.

Topography.-Nearly the entire surface of this county abounds with mineral wealth, and the numerous mining localities within its boundaries present an attractive field to the miner. In addition to gold, there are evidences of other valuable minerals, which need but the aid of industry and perseverance to develop their importance. There is a great variety of oak, pine, maple, etc., to be found in the mountainous districts. The amount of agricultural land, ten thousand seven hundred and seventy-five acres; under cultivation, three thousand two hundred and ten.

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Legal Distances.-From Sacramento, two hundred and fifty-five miles; from Stockton, three hundred miles, and from San Quentin, three hundred and eighty-five miles.

Ninth Judicial District.—Hon. Wm. P. Daingerfield, Judge District Court; sessions, second Monday in April, August and December.

Twenty-first Senatorial District.-Senator: Hon. J. C. Burch; term expires January, 1860.

Member of Assembly.-Hon. F. Bates.

Agricultural Products.-Wheat, 953 acres, 19,060 bushels; barley, 839 acres, 25,170 bushels; oats, 233 acres, 4,660 bushels; rye, 1 acre; corn, 71 acres; peas, 11 acres; beans, 38 acres; potatoes, 327 acres; onions, 24 acres; hay, 550 acres; timothy, 90 acres; alfalfa, 13 acres; butter, 4,820 pounds; cheese, 2,000 pounds; eggs, 12,000 dozen.

Fruit Trees.-Apple, 3,856; peach, 5,420; pear, 90; plum, 653; cherry, 65; nectarine, 107; quince, 1; apricot, 295; persimmon, 3; mulberry, 1; walnut, 20. Vines: Gooseberry, 20; strawberry, 24 acres; grape vines, 1,151.

Live Stock.-Horses, 160; mules, 562; asses, 28; cows, 582; calves, 389; stock cattle, 163; beef cattle 59; oxen, 318-total number of cattle, 1,511; sheep, 156; goats, 16; hogs, 683; poultry, 10,000.

Manufactures.-Grist mills, 4-water; cost of construction, $20,000; saw mills, 18; lumber sawed per annum, 3,365,500 feet.

Bridges and Ferries.—Toll-bridges, 6; value $20,000; ferries, 4; turnpike road, 1; length 7 miles; cost, $12,000.

Canals and Ditches.-Number of ditches, 94; aggregate length, 163 miles; estimated value, $500,000.

Finances, July, 1858.-Floating debt, $33,000. Receipts for past fiscal year, $18,000; expenditures same period, $20,000; assessed valuation of property, $1,317,395.

Attorneys.-Big Flat: L. C. Bartlett, John N. Best; Weaverville: John C. Burch, Jabez Chadbourne, Henry J. Howe, R. T. Miller, O. H. P. Norcross, Jesse S. Pitzer, C. E. Williams.

Physicians.-Ridgeville: J. J. Piper; Weaverville: H. B. Davison, J. B. Gordon, J. S. Harris, J. S. Snelling, R. A. Thomas, Edward Trask.

XLII. TULARE COUNTY.

COUNTY SEAT-VISALIA.

Tulare County, organized 1852. Boundaries: North by Fresno, east by Utah, San Bernardino and New Mexico, south by San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara and San Bernardino and west by San Luis Obispo and Monterey. Topography. This county is naturally divided in two parts, north and

south.

The northern portion, or Four Creek Country, is an agricultural and

stock raising region; the Kern River, or southern portion, is exclusively a mining region. There are about sixteen hundred square miles of agricultural land of a fair average quality; besides, a large quantity of valuable swamp land, which may be easily reclaimed. The Tulare Valley land is well adapted for agricultural and grazing, and is already the home of a large and enterprising population. The amount of land under cultivation is two thousand six hundred and twenty-five acres.

Legal Distances.-From Sacramento, two hundred and fifty miles; from Stockton, two hundred and five miles, and from San Quentin, three hundred and thirty-five miles.

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Thirteenth Judicial District.-Hon. Nicholas Cleary, Judge District Court. Sessions, fourth Monday in February, June and October.

Sixth Senatorial District.-Senator: Hon. S. A. Merritt; term expires January, 1861.

Member of Assembly.-Hon. J. M. Roane.

Agricultural Products.-Wheat, 1,800 acres, 36,000 bushels; barley, 300 acres, 6,000 bushels; oats, 5 acres, 250 bushels; corn, 200 acres, 8,000 bushels; beans, 20 acres ; potatoes, 10 acres, 3,000 bushels; sweet potatoes, 20 acres, 4,000 bushels; grapes, 2 tuns.

Fruit Trees.-Apple, 4,000; peach, 10,000; pear, 1,000; plum, 1,000; cherry, 1,000; apricot, 500; fig, 500; orange, 20; pomegranate, 20; walnut, 50. Vines: Gooseberry, 500; raspberry, 500; strawberry, 10,000; grape vines, 30,000.

Live Stock.-Horses: (American), 107; (Spanish, tame), 1,083; (Spanish, wild,) 24,878-total number of horses, 26,068; mules, 158; asses, 19; cows, 9,244; calves, 5,468; stock cattle, 6,616; beef cattle, 1,470; oxen, 602— total number of cattle, 23,400; sheep, 3,260; goats, 20; hogs, 4,292; poultry, 3,873.

Manufactures.-Grist mills, 3-steam, 1, water, 2; value, $12,000. Saw mills, 1; capacity per day, 4,000 feet.

Mineral Resources.-That portion of this county in the vicinity of Kern

River, is represented to be one of the richest quartz regions in the State, and will yet become most attractive to those acquainted with that branch of mining. Quartz mills, 9; aggregate number of stamps, 46; number of arastras, 25; aggregate cost of machinery, $115,000. The placer mines are numerous, and yield a fair return to the industrious and persevering miner.

Finances, January, 1858.—Floating debt, $5,000. Receipts for past fiscal year, $9,800; expenditures same period, $5,000; assessed valuation of property, $768,163.

Attorneys.-Keysville: J. W. Freeman; Visalia: Thomas Baker, S. C. Brown, Wm. Gouverneur Morris; White River: W. S. Powell.

Physicians.-Visalia: John Cutler, S. G. George, Reuben Matthews, S. B. McClintic, S. C. Sill, D. W. P. Thompson.

XLIII.

-TUOLUMNE COUNTY.

COUNTY SEAT-SONORA.

Tuolumne County, organized 1850. Boundaries: North by Calaveras, east by Utah Territory, south by Mariposa and west by Stanislaus.

OFFICERS.

Office.

Name.

Residence.

Term Expires Salary.

County Judge.... Thomas N.Matchin Jacksonville

District Attorney. Leander Quint

Oct'r, 1861 $4,000

Sonora.

66

1859 2,000

County Clerk..

George S. Evans..

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Fees..

Recorder

George Seckel.

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Sheriff.

John Sedgwick..

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Topography. This is one of the most prosperous counties in the State. Rich in mineral wealth, and important in an agricultural point of view, it is rapidly advancing in all the elements of substantial prosperity. The character of the soil and climate secures a competent return to the farmer, while the energetic and enterprising gold seeker seldom fails of securing from its extensive placers a remunerative return for his labor. The timber of this county is unsurpassed by any region in the world. The whole eastern half of the county is densely covered with an inexhaustible growth of the finest pine, cedar, spruce and oak, all of which are easy of access to all parts of the

county. Number of acres inclosed, eleven thousand eight hundred and ninety-four; in cultivation, four thousand three hundred and sixty-three acres. Legal Distances.-From Sacramento one hundred and fifteen miles, from Stockton seventy miles, and from San Quentin two hundred miles.

Fifth Judicial District.-Hon. Charles M. Creaner, Judge District Court. Sessions, first Monday in March, July and November.

County Courts.-The terms of the County Court, Court of Sessions and Probate Court: First Monday in February, June and October. Special terms whenever necessary.

Seventh Senatorial District.-Senators: Hon. Wm. Holden, term expires January, 1860, and Hon. I. N. Quinn, term expires January, 1861.

Members of Assembly.-Hons. S. M. Buck, G. W. Whitney, R. Howe and W. Dow.

Agricultural Products.—Wheat, 537 acres, 10,740 bushels; barley, 2,336 acres, 70,080 bushels; oats, 913 acres, 19,260 bushels; potatoes, 112 acres; hay, 843 tuns.

Fruit Trees.-—Apple, 15,969; peach, 23,989; pear, 685; plum, 854 ; cherry, 746; nectarine, 245; apricot, 185; fig, 130. The soil and climate of this county are well adapted to the cultivation of every description of fruit. There are several orchards in the vicinity of Columbia that will compare favorably with those of any other locality in the State.

Grape Culture and Manufacture of Wine.-Considerable attention is being bestowed on the cultivation of the grape, which is found to thrive well. From one vineyard over sixty tuns were produced last season. Number of vines, 57,526.

Manufactures.-Grist mills, 4; aggregate run of stone, 7; value, $30,000. Saw mills, 22-steam, 16; water, 6; cost of construction, $268,000. Sales of lumber of Columbia estimated at $350,000 per annum.

Live Stock.-Horses, 834; mules, 394; asses, 85; cows, 1,040; stock cattle, 1,152; oxen, 900—total number of cattle, 3,095; sheep, 645; goats, 475; hogs, 1,098.

Mineral Resources.-Notwithstanding the large number of miners who have for the few past years made this county the field of active operations, the discoveries recently made prove that its mineral wealth is as yet but partially developed. The discoveries in quartz have revealed some of the most valuable lodes in the State, many of which are yielding immense returns to their fortunate proprietors.* The energy and enterprise displayed in the construction of works auxiliary to mining, exhibit confidence in its permanency, and offer additional advantages to those engaged in that branch of industry. Iron ore in considerable quantities also exists. Quartz mills, 30— water, 22; steam, 8; aggregate of stamps, 260; arastras, 20; cost of machinery, $280,000.

Canals and Ditches.-Number of canals, 14; aggregate length, 181 miles. Number of tom streams, 1,210; cost of construction, $1,481,000.

For a description of the operations in quartz, see p. 263.

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