Cape Rosieres, southwesterly to the sources of Connecticut river, forming the southern border of the basin of the St Lawrence and ligne des versants of the rivers emptying into it. The same highlands form also the ligne des versants, on the north of the river Restigouche, emptying itself into the bay des Chaleurs, the river St John with its northerly and westerly branches emptying into the bay of Fundy, the river Penobscot with its northwesterly branches emptying into the bay of Penobscot, the rivers Kennebec and Androscoggin, whose united waters empty into the bay of Sagadahock, and the river Connecticut emptying into the bay, usually called Long Island sound. These bays are all open arms of the sea or Atlantic Ocean; are designated by their names on Mitchell's map; and with the single exception of Sagadahock, are all equally well known, and usually designated by their appro-, priate names. This linge des versants constitutes the highlands of the treaty, as claimed by the United States.

There is another ligne des versants, which Great Britain claims as the highlands of the treaty. It is the dividing ridge, that bounds the southern side of the basin of the river St John, from those which flow into the Penobscot and St Croix. No river flows from this dividing ridge into the river St Lawrence. On the contrary, nearly the whole of the basins of the St John and Restigouche intervene. The source of the St Croix also is in this very ligne des versants, and less than an En

glish mile distant from the source of a tributary stream of the St John. This proximity reducing the due north line of the treaty, as it were to a point, compelled the provincial agent of the British government to extend the due north line over the dividing ridge into the basin of the St John, crossing its tributary streams to the distance of about forty miles from the source of the St Croix, to the vicinity of an isolated hill between the tributary streams of the St John. Connecting that isolated hill with the ligne des versants, as just described, by passing between said tributary streams, they claimed it as constituting the highlands of the treaty.

These two ranges of highlands, as thus, described, the one contended for by the United States, and the other by Great Britain, his Majesty the arbiter regards as comporting equally well in all respects with the language of the treaty. It is not the intention of the undersigned, in this place, to question in the slightest degree the correctness of his Majesty's conclusion: but when the arbiter proceeds to say that it would be suitable to run the line due north, from the source of the river St Croix, not to the highlands which divide the rivers that fall into the Atlantic Ocean from those which fall into the river St Lawrence,' but to the centre of the river St John, thence to pass up said river to the mouth of the river St Francis, thence up the river St Francis to the source of its southwesternmost branch, and from thence by a line drawn west

unto the point where it intersects the line of the highlands as claimed by the United States, and only from thence to pass along said highlands, which divide the rivers that fall into the Atlantic Ocean from those which fall into the river St Lawrence, to the northwesternmost head of the Connecticut river'-thus abandoning altogether the boundaries of the treaty, and substituting for them a distinct and different line of demarkation-it becomes the duty of the undersigned, with the most perfect respect for the friendly views of the arbiter, to enter a protest against the proceeding, as constituting a departure from

the power delegated by the High Parties interested, in order that the rights and interests of the United States may not be supposed to be committed by any presumed acquiescence on the part of their representative near his Majesty the King of the Netherlands.

The undersigned avails himself of this occasion to renew to Baron Verstolk Van Soclen the assurances of his high consideration.

(Signed) WM P. PREBLE. His Excellency the Baron Verstolk Van Soclen, his Majesty's Minister of Foreign Affairs.

ment, in proclaiming at that time the wishes of the nation, did not encroach upon the possessions of his Catholic Majesty; they only followed the example set them by many civilized countries; they exercised a right which results from the principle of self-preservation-a principle on which is founded the existence and security of most nations.

The ancient Spanish colony, abandoned in great measure to its own resources, became in 1795, by the treaty of Bale, an integral part of the French colony of St Domingo. In 1802, when an expedition was directed against it for the purpose of depriving the people of the liberty they had acquired at the cost of many sacrifices, the proscription was extended, as all know, even to the eastern part of the island. There as well as in the western provinces, the rivers and the seas were red with the blood of our unfortunate countrymen. Afterwards, when by the aid of Heaven, the glorious resistence of the Haytiens forced the enemy to capitulate, was it not the duty of a regenerated people to declare, for their preservation and their future security, that all the territory should be their own indivisible property? This island, in old times habited by a single indigenous race, became the theatre of a long and bloody war as soon as the

Spaniards invaded it; for they were obliged to defend themselves and their possessions against the French, who also wished to establish themselves there. Neither the close relationship of the sovereigns of these two nations, nor the most solemn treaties, were able to restrain them. And if two people having the same form of government, could not live in peace in this land, the lesson will not be lost upon us; it teaches us that a growing people, created by liberty, cannot, without danger to their national existence, live in the neighborhood of a nation governed by entirely different institutions.'

The President exhorts the inhabitants of the eastern part of the island, and its dependencies, to remain firm in their adherence to the Constitution, &c., and promises his protection in case of danger. The Proclamation concludes in these terms:

'We have declared to the universe our desire to live in peace with all nations; we are bound to do this by our Constitution. It has always been our determination to let those alone who do not disturb us; but if our territory should be violated, we shall turn upon our agressors, and place the destinies of Hayti in the hands of the Sovereign Arbiter of nations and of kings.' The Proclamation is dated on the 6th of February, 1830.