(c) Either John or I was in fault.
(d) Neither John nor I was in fault.
(e) He loves me more than John.

And all the air a solemn stillness holds.

EXERCISE 14.

Point out the superfluous words in the following:

1. They both of them married soon after.
2. He left behind him an excellent discourse.
3. If in case she come, treat her kindly.
4. The cause of it is owing to your idleness.
5. His design was in order to procure arms.
6. That place of all others is unfit for you.

EXERCISE 15.

'An old trite proverb let me quote-
As is your cloth so cut your coat.'

Questions to be Answered.

1. What are the nominatives to the verbs let and is respectively?

2. In what cases are proverb and coat? What two cases of nouns are alike in form ?

3. Is the sentence in the inverted or in the natural order? Transpose it.

4. In what moods are quote and cut? If in the infinitive, tell by what governed; if in any other mood, tell their nominatives.

5 What rules of government are used in the passage? Is any one of these rules used oftener than once?

6. Is let always used in the sense which it has in this passage? If not, give an example in which it is used in a different sense.

EXERCISE 16.

In the following passage there are

Three verbs in the imperative mood.
Three verbs in the indicative mood.
Two verbs in the infinitive mood.
And four past participles.

Write them down in four columns separately.

'O, answer me:

Let me not burst in ignorance! but tell

Why thy canoniz'd bones, hearsed in death,
Have burst their cerements ! why the sepulchre,
Wherein we saw thee quietly inurn'd,

Hath oped his ponderous and marble jaws,

To cast thee up again ?'

Shakspeare.

EXERCISE 17.

Correct the following by making two words change places in each sentence:

It is well known all over England.
These are only obvious to the few.
Do not commit such another fault.
Go not with either the one or the other.

He travelled all over the country.

The daughter is a young beautiful woman.

He has not much of either pleasure or instruction
Her father is a old rich man.

EXERCISE 18.

Which of the two forms proposed in each of the followconsider the correct one? and why?

ing sentences do you

·

(a) Though we seem grieved at the shortness of life in general, we are wishing every period of it at an end. The minor longs to be of age, then to be a man of business, then to make up an estate, then to arrive at honours, then to retire.'-Addison.

(c) 'What numbers live to the age of fifty or sixty years! yet, if estimated by their merit, are not worth the price of a chick the moment it is hatched.'-Shenstone.

(d) What is beauty? Not the show

Of shapely limbs and features. No.
These are but flowers

That have their dated hours

To breathe their momentary sweets, then go.
'Tis the stainless soul within

That outshines the fairest skin.'-Sir A. Hunt.

EXERCISE 20.

How do you distinguish the past tense from the past or passive participle of regular verbs? What further difference is there between them when the verb is irregular? To what does every participle relate? Write down in a column the past participles occurring in the following passage, and put opposite to each the word to which it relates.

'Fetters, though made of gold,

Express base thraldom; and all delicates
Prepared by Median cooks for epicures,

When not our own, are bitter; quilts fill'd high
With gossamere and roses cannot yield
The body soft repose, the mind kept waking
With anguish and affliction.'-Massinger.

EXERCISE 21.

What do you understand by nouns in apposition? What other part of speech may be in apposition with a noun? Write out the words in apposition in the following passage:

'Misshapen time, copesmate of ugly night;
Swift subtle post, carrier of grisly care;
Eater of youth, false slave to false delight,

Base watch of woes, sin's pack-horse, virtue's snare:
Thou nursest all, and murderest all that are.'-Shakspeare.

EXERCISE 22.

Correct the following sentences :

1. They have the same feelings with us.
2. Are either of those books yours?
3. She went agreeable to her promise.
4. He died all of a sudden.

5. He was no sooner up but he departed
6. They are neither of them parts of it.
7. He has taken almost nothing.

8. I am in hopes of a letter.

9. There was little more besides the name.
10. Of the two the former is best.

11. The consent determined in your favour.
12. He intended to have written sooner.

EXERCISE 23.

Supply appropriate words in the following blanks :

1. Envy no man's

but improve thy own.

2. Since you are not sure of an — lose not a

3. Industry is the

4. Sincerity and truth 5. It is wiser to

a

of every

the foundation of all virtues.
quarrel, than to revenge it.
as to live

6. Wish not so much to live 7. The acquisition

pations.

In

and

but make

knowledge is one of the most

espouse it.

EXERCISE 25.

farmer, on
timber to

--: No.

An wanted

if he

landlord that

be most obliged to

give him permission cut down what would

purpose. The landlord

Well then, sir, will

his rent, told a house, and

the give

a gate, then? Yes. than

EXERCISE 26.

source

diseases. As a lamp by a superabundance of oil, a fire

our infirmities, and the fountain

- by

excess

so is the natural heat

body destroyed diet.

NOTE. For examples and exercises in syntactical parsing, see Companion to nglish Grammar.

PROSODY.

PROSODY is that part of grammar which treats of accent, quantity, emphasis, pause, intonation or tone, and metre or the laws of versification.

ON ACCENT.

Accent is a particular stress of the voice which custom requires to be laid on a certain syllable in every word consisting of more than one syllable, in order that it may be better heard than the rest, and distinguished from them. Thus, in the word resume, the stress of the voice must be on the letter u, and therefore the second syllable sume is said to be accented, and the first syllable re unaccented. The accented syllables are marked with a straight line, and the unaccented with a small curve.

Every word of two or more syllables has one accented syllable; and in long words, for the sake of euphony or distinctness, we frequently give a secondary accent to another syllable besides that which takes the principal accent. The more important accent is called the 'primary,' and is usually marked thus, and the less important is called the 'secondary,' and is marked thus ; as, incor`porátion, tes'timónial.

These two accents are sometimes called the. major and the minor accent; they are also distinguished by the terms 'acute' and 'grave.' The acute is marked thus, and the grave thus `.

In poetry, words of one syllable, upon which the sense requires a stress to be laid, are also considered as accented.

EXAMPLE.

His head was sílvěr'd o'er with áge,
And long expérience máde him ságe.

N