without any difficulty on account of the prevalence | guage and assimilate to the manners of those with whom they must have hourly intercourse.

of a different language or dialect, provided he avoids the German settlements in Pennsylvania, &c. We see that considerable excitement prevails at and those parts of the southern country originally New Orleans on account of a late order of the suplanted by the French-in both which there are preme court, that all pleadings before it and remany worthy and intelligent persons who do not cords kept under its authority, shall be made in the understand the prevailing language of their own English language. This is considered as a stretch country. Hence they naturally associate only with of authority, and the right to establish such rules others of the same descent, and keep up and per; is said to be in the legislature. This may be so... petuate for their children the many privations and the courts are every where likely enough to hold inconveniencies to which they are subject; and extensive opinions of their own power, and a right hence also it is that, in general, they are more ig thing may be done in a wrong way. Still, if it is norant of the principles and practices of their go- rightfully done we must approve it, as hastening vernment than others, for a large part of their read-the period when one part of the people will not be ing is made up of foreign publications, which also called French, and the other Americans...when the serves to keep up the prevalence of foreign man- latter appellation will belong to every citizen of the The Germans in Pennsylvania, though unfortu

ners.

state.

nately settled in compact bodies--for we should The occasion is apt to notice a very reprehensilike to see them spread over the country as exam-elections. If a citizen of the United States, born ble practice that often prevails in our popular ples of industry, temperance, frugality and care... are rapidly giving way. Commerce and the pro- office, the custom too generally is for all of his in England, Ireland or Scotland, is a candidate for gress of the arts have made it more and more neces sary for them to mix with their much more numer-"countrymen" to support him, thereby maintaining ous fellow-citizens who speak the English language, an interest separated from that of the people at and to read the books and papers printed in it. large: and in some of our public offices also, when Most of the young persons, if now tolerably educat- the head of it happens to have had the place of his ed, can read and speak that language; but there are birth in a foreign country, we find that nearly all not a few of the elder who remain severely oppos- his subordinates are of his own class. This sort of ed to the procedure, and, from a false national clannish spirit begets one of opposition, lessens the pride, zealously maintain the language of their an- public liberality, and militates against the public cestors. There are in Pennsylvania wealthy and harmony. I never yet acted against a person be. intelligent men of the 4th or 5th generation--de. cause he was not a native born American, and do scendants from some of the earliest settlers of that not suppose that I ever shall, in any case whatsostate, who could not understand one sentence pro- ever-but must frankly confess, that I have been nounced in its legislature, if present when it was in sometimes almost tempted to wish that the rule of session. Certainly, these are as rightly Ameritoo many of them was enforced against themselves. cans as the descendants of the English, Irish or Scotch, and nothing should belong to them as indicating a difference in the great family of the nation, which they have as liberally assisted to build up and sustain, by works of peace or of war, as any others of its members. It is out of the question to expect that the German can ever be the prevailing language in the United States-the descendants of the Germans should, therefore, learn the English, and mix themselves with the mass of the society in which they live-the common home of us all.

Their conduct is highly indelicate, and a very improper return for the courtesy extended to them in permitting them to elect and be elected or appointed to office. As there is no man living who is a greater friend to emigrants than I am, or who has advocated their cause more warmly, it will be understood that I only deprecate the existence of a German interest, an English interest, Irish interest, French interest, or Scotch interest, in the U. States. I want only an American interest,

The same remarks apply to the descendants of SHEEP. On the 4th instant. two persons left Mr. the French, in Louisiana, except that they have Rutherford's farm, in Bergen county, New-Jersey, been recently received into the nation, and time with 81 sheep of the "home-flock" to be added to enough has not yet been allowed to ascertain how the "mountain-flock," and a waggon containing the far their mixture with a greater population, speak-various articles wanted for the business they were ing the English language, will lead them to abandon about to do. They arrived at Succasunay Plains, in their mother tongue. But they are quite as much Morris county, 34 miles, the same day, and on the attached to it as the Germans are to their language succeeding reached the flock in Sussex, with the --and, besides, it is regarded as a fashionable lan- number of their sheep entire. In the two succeed. guage in most of the civilized nations of the world, ing days, assisted by three other persons, being five and the power of fashion is thus superadded to a all, they sheared 340 merino sheep of the mountain national pride and prejudice, foreign to the feel- flock, the shepherd and his boy assisting to roll the ings which should belong to a purely American wool, &c. The next day they packed the wool, and character and with the language, a greater differ-branded and marked the lambs, &c. and on the folence of manners is kept up between the mass of the people and them than exists between that mass and the descendants of the Germans. Every thing of this sort impedes the progress to national cha- Let us see what was done in the six days-81 racter, and which is much to be regretted. Yet, it is sheep were driven by two men 46 miles in two to be observed, that the French descendants in days-being then joined by four other men and a Louisiana are not in compact bodies like those of boy, they sheared 340 sheep and rolled the wool, the Germans in Pennsylvania, and there is, there. &c. in two days more; in another they packed the fore, reason to hope that their posterity will not wool and operated upon the lambs; and on the sixth so long appear to be a separate people, having dif- made a journey of 46 miles with their rich cargo ferent interests and feelings. It will become abso. of wool-a singular instance of expedition, and all lutely necessary that they should obtain the lan-"performed without the use of ardent spirits."

lowing returned and reached Mr. Rutherford's farm, 46 miles, with 928 lbs. of wool. The greatest num ber of sheep sheared by one person in a day was 43.

The "Suffolk Register," published at Newtown, affairs abroad." To those who think it wise and N. J. on noticing the preceding, remarkssafe to build systems of internal policy which must "The above mentioned flock, amounting to be-affect every man in the nation, which must direct tween 5 and 600 merino sheep, passed through and control the operations of government, on vicisthis town on the 15th inst. on their migration from situdes of any kind-I have only to say, my sense of their winter to their summer residence in this coun-public good tells me, that the great interests of the ty. The shepherd with his hoy and dog and the country require that they be established and sewife and children in the rear, with a waggon and cured by permanent unvarying legislation, raised oxen, containing their cooking utensils and pro- on a stable foundation; they should not be depenvisions, presented a lively picture of the patriarchs dent on the chapter of accidents: vicissitudes in of the primitive ages. The owner of the flock, revenue, the ebbs and flows of national prosperity, formerly a senator of the United States during the create more embarrassments in public and distress administration of Washington, employs his old age in private transactions than measures or systems in practising plans which have a tendency to pro- growing out of erroneous principles of policy. It mote the public good. By his sheep he provides is to me a sufficient objection to any state of a material that gives business to the industrious, things or any course of policy, that it is fluctuatand saves about $3000 per annum to the nation, ing, unsteady-governed by no fixed settled rules. which would otherwise be sent out of the country, Had this country not have been so unfortunate as for that amount of foreign broadcloth. His experi-to have witnessed and sorely felt these vicissitudes, ence in the school of Washington, has taught him the patriot would not have been compelled to that the interests of the farmer and land holder, are mourn over its decline. The statesman will feel identified with those of the state; and that since it his solemn duty to guard against them in future. their bread-stuffs and other provisions are denied It is painful to me to think hardly or speak harshly a market in foreign countries, it is more imperious-of any man; but it is impossible to withhold the ly their duty, instead of increasing the surplus, to to attend to other products, which will prevent the necessity of importations, create a home market, find employment for the idle, and save the country from

ruin."

sentiment of strong reprobation which arises from the declaration, that any present discussion, as to the causes of our decline or the means of restora tion to our languishing country, is unnecessarybecause the decision may depend upon foreign vicissisitudes! Language like this can come from no BANKING IN TENNESSEE. There is a law of the American; it betrays foreign biass,anti-national feelstate of Tennessee, that no execution shall issue ings, to avow that our internal systems are to be without an endorsement that the plaintiff agrees to dependent on foreign changes. Of such men I receive current bank bills in satisfaction of the debt. close the notice for this best of reasons--if public The case has been brought before the supreme opinion is so disposed as to defend them, my poor court of Errors and Appeals-present, judges Hay. efforts cannot turn the tide--if not, they are unewood, Emmerson and White. The two former cessary. As little can it be necessary to convince agreed in pronouncing the "endorsement law" to the American people that though "nearly all the be unconstitutional-judge White suggested that ablest and most celebrated writers on political he had not formed any opinion; he wished to hear economy" unite in opinion as to what is our true the subject discussed—but seems to have intimat-policy, yet we may find it as prudent to trust our ed that there was a probability of his concurring own statesmen as foreign writers. These being with his brother judges. We shall endeavor to the only reasons advanced by Mr. Walsh, he canpreserve this opinion in the REGISTER. It appears not expect that any more time will be taken up in to be a very able one,and chiefly rests upon that pro- refuting them.

vision of the constitution of the United States which Messrs. Gales and Seaton have taken different forbids the states to issue bills of credit or of ren-ground, and attempted to disprove some of my po dering any thing but gold or silver a legal tender, sitions in a way which may be truly considered as declares also that they shall not pass ex post facto not only novel, but very unsatisfactory, even to law, or laws impairing the obligation of contracts. themselves. In commencing their long article, they It is stated that, at the last sitting of Rutherford begin by remarking that the object of my writ county court, (Tenn ) judgments to the amount ofing is to prove that the "duty on imposts is a 100,000 dollars were rendered. By the last census, the aggregate population of this county was 19,552 -slaves probably about one-third, judging from the census of 1810.

Such are the fruits that must always follow every attempt to legislate a people out of debt. No other than the "good old way," by honest industry and rigid economy, will answer. All else is leather.'

tax on the consumers" of foreign goods--a posi tion which they say is known by every body and denied by none to be true; they speak with great contempt of the wonderful discovery which

pretend to have made, and ridicule the idea of there ever having been any doubt about it. Mark, reader, the attempt is ridiculed because every body knows it--now read the following paragraphs from the same article, and form your own opinion of men THE MEANING OF WORDS.-It is a subject of sincere who will thus attempt to deceive and wilfully percongratulation to the country, that public opinionvert your minds-"The case fairly stated is, that has at last called out our opponents. It seems that the merchant, for the privilege of carrying on his law the "meaning of words" has been translated into ful pursuits, is obliged to pay, according to Mr. so many papers, that Messrs. Walsh and Gales and Niles' statement, at the rate of fifteen dollars for Seaton have broken the dead silence so long pre-every sixty dollars worth of merchandize which served by them. To the former I have little to say passes through his hands. This money supports --he declines discussion for the present, thinking the government." This is a direct assertion that there is time enough between this and the next meeting of congress; that by delay, his friends will "work with more advantage and effect," and that, "besides, this is a question the decision of which may depend mainly upon future vicissitudes in human

impost is a tax on the merchant, and yet these same men ridicule me for wasting time to prove it a tax on the consumer! I hope the reader is at this moment thinking as I do on conduct like this, and making up his mind to the course proper to be

pursued towards printers, who, professing to be dow of truth in the assertion of Messrs. Gales and impartial and candid, will still have the unblush- Seaton, it is a fact that, allowing for the quality of ing effrontery to assert in the face of the nation, East India cottons, American cottons are now sold that impost is a tax on the merchant, paid by him for cheaper than India or English cottons of the same the privilege of carrying on his lawful pursuits. There quality could be imported duty free. Every merchant seems to be no use in any attempt to enlighten on the sea-board knows this-the fact cannot be put the public mind on this subject through the press down by the assertions of printers the conclusive -here is a printer who ridicules the idea of at-evidence of it is in the book which a merchant has tempting to prove that impost is a tax on the con- written and which merchants acknowledge for their sumer, because every body knows it--and in the text book, which the Virginia planters, through same column asserts that it is a tax on the mer- Mr. Garnett, have adopted as theirs, and which I chant! With such men argument is unnecessary; would recommend to the perusal of Messrs. G.and the best way is to say to them in plain language, S. If they would reflect a moment on the natheir assertion is not true--and they knew it not ture of their assertion, they would see its fallacy, to be true;--which is proved by their own assertion its utter inconsistency with reason as well as factin another part of their essay, and by the notorious for, if the domestic article of the same quality sold fact that the merchant obtains from the govern- as high as the imported and its price was raised ment a longer credit for the goods than he gives in proportion to the increase of duties, it could his customers. No men know this better than not stop importations-for, with all due humility, Gales and Seaton-no merchant will thank them for Messrs. Gales and Seaton must allow me to repeat, making an assertion so entirely groundless, as that that impost is added to the price of the article;-the the merchants pay a tax of twenty-five per cent.merchant charges his profit on the duties as on so on the merchandise which passes through their much capital advanced, yet he advances nothing hands, for the privilege of carrying on their awful and receives a credit sometimes for 18 months. Du pursuits. The nation cannot swallow such a pill ties are no tax on the merchant for carrying on his as this--there are some bounds to public credulity, lawful pursuits, and duties are not added by the dothere will be some end to delusion, and the time mestic manufacturer to exactly the amount that will come when, if truth does not prevail, wilful congress impose them on imported goods. As it is misrepresentations will cease. The same remarks my duty to use plain language, relying on facts, dewill apply to the next position taken by Gales and voting my time in some measure to this subject, Seaton: "Mr. Niles has not mentioned the circum- it must be permitted to me to speak with some con. stance that every cent of the taxes on imposts, whichfidence, especially after finding that as yet no he has suddenly discerned to be so oppressive be-one has detected me in one error of fact, assertion cause it is not felt, is a premium to that amount or quotation. In inviting discussion on this subject, paid to the manufacturers by enabling them to sell it was far from my intention to draw our out our their fabrics to the people for exactly so much more than they could otherwise get for them. This premium however, which, on some articles, is actually a hundred per cent. neither satisfies him nor them." This is a round bold assertion, deliberately made; let us test it by a short calculation, which will ascertain whether it is true or false. Messrs. Gales and Seaton allude to the duty on coarse cottons, on which article I will make theness. Less would have been said of this arti calculation:

324

opponents for the purpose of treating them with rudeness-though it affords great strength to our cause to detect mis statements, it is painful to do it; for it affords unpleasant evidence of the state of the press and the public mind, to find assertions published which cannot bear examination, to see them quoted and re-published with approbation by those who know their incorrect

cle from the National Intelligencer, had not the authors given to all their reasoing, if it may be called so, the most positive and pointed contradiction-have made themselves authority against them. selves, and in one paragraph have said more in favor of legislative protection to manufactures, than I would have ventured to have done. It is with infi nite pleasure that I make a quotation from the same article, which it has been my duty to notice with some severity-here it is:

25 per cent. duty on this amount is eight cents a yard, which being about the usual price of East India cottons, the duty is said to amount to 100 "We believe, however, that on most articles of per cent. ad valorem. But on English cottons, the foreign growth or manufacture, the duties are now lowest price of which is about 18 cents a yard in abundantly high for all the purposes of encouragEngland, the duty is less-cost estimated 25, 10 ing the gradual growth of American manufactures. per cent-24, charges 14-29; duty on this, equal We know, indeed, that, under this protection, mato 74 cents, is, on the actual cost, about 40 per nufactures are actualy growing to such an extent, cent. Now, to make the assertion of Gales and that we have no hesitation in predicting they will, Seaton true, American cottons must sell at not less within ten years, in the natural course of things, than 17 cents a yard, to be able to receive this pre-cast the balance of trade on the other beam, so that mium in the one case and 26 in the other, on their exchange on London will be as much in our favor very coarsest goods. But it is well known that as it is now against us, and Great Britain will have American cottons are sold as low as 11 cents a yard, to seek for new markets, where too she will find the quality of which is 40 per cent. better than in us a formidable competitor. Our manufactures the East India; and Mr. Cambreleng in his book, are growing so rapidly, that it is hazarding nothing page 47, 48, asserts that the average price of the to suggest, that, in less than fifty years, our reduncoarse American shirtings in the United States in dant manufactures will find their way to every nook 1820, was 13 cents a yard-and in England, the of the world into which a white man can penesame kind of article was184; a difference of near 40 trate." per cent. equal to the whole duty charged on the Reader, think on the words of Messrs. Gales and importation: so that,so far from there being the sha-Seaten, who, as Mr. Walsh says, have fairly grappled

The task is the paragraph quoted from the Intelligencer. Now, think of every possible objection to manufactures that has been or can be urged, and reconcile them if you can with the declaration, that, in ten years, they will turn the balance of trade in our favor with England: then give, if you can, a reason why they should not now be encouraged. Take from Mr. C's book the price of cotton shirtings in 1820: in England, 183 cents; American, 13-think of this fact in all its bearings, and connect it with commerce and agriculture-decide with candor, and in six months. the nation will be unanimous. (Communicated.)

with the advocates of Mr. Baldwin's tariff-these, mium on bills on us, let us, at all events, not pay it are the deliberate convictions of our antagonists; for bills on England. The reader must remember pause, and for a few minutes reflect, then read that it is much less fatiguing for him to read than this quotation over and over again--you will under- me to write-he must, by his own reflections, make stand my remarks then, you can decide who is right, my comments unnecessary. I write not for profit what is the true policy of this country. The ba- or honor, but for public usefulness, my duty is ful lance of trade between us and England is 16,000,000 filled by industry in collecting and arranging facts, against us-Messrs. Gales and Seaton say in ten fidelity in references to laws and public documents, years it will be 16,000,000 in our favor-bills on examining what our opponents say, detecting their England are now 10 per cent. against us, in ten errors and extracting from their publications inforyears they will be ten per cent. in our favor. Eng. mation useful to us. The memorial of the New. land now supplies our own market, in ten years we York chamber of commerce, the book of Mr. Camshall be her competitor in new markets-now we breleng and the essay of Gales and Seaton, will, with cannot manufacture enough for ourselves, in fifty the aid of explanations and the reader's reflection, years our surpluses will find their way to every nook afford the most irresistible arguments in favor of of the habitable globe. Glorious consummation of the encouragement of all branches of national innational prosperity, and all to be brought about by dustry, wherever the "meaning of words" is underthe increase of our manufactures, "under the pro- stood and the "application of principles" are imtection now afforded," too-thanks, kind thanks, partially extended. But too much must not be to you, gentlemen, for this declaration; it will expected from me-the cause I advocate is that of silence an host of enemies whom we can now meet every man in the union; I will never abandon it at with the aid of your authority;-your article will whatever cost or sacrifice, but the labor is too great be re-published in all the commercial papers, we for an individual: do then, reader, take up the subwill aid them in circulating it through the union-ject for yourself and relieve me. I will set you a when any one shall say, that encouragement to task, and after you have learned one you will find manufactures will injure commerce or agriculture, you can make use of your mind without the trouble will be a tax on the country, a burthen on the con- of reading much, sumer, we will point to the National Intelligencer of 9th June, and tell them, if this is true, how can it turn the balance of trade with England so as to make a difference of 20 per cent. in exchange, and $2,000,000 dollars a year in the balance of trade? If high duties increase the price of the article, how shall we be able to supply not only our own country but every nook of the habitable globe, where a white man can penetrate? How will it destroy the foreign market for our surplus produce, if the balance of trade is in our favor? It is needless to enumerate the objections which this fact will answer-it silences them all, if Messis. G. and Sare believed. They admit that the protection now afforded will produce these consequences in a few years --they must admit that our most flourishing manufactures are those which have the highest protecting duties, (coarse cottons at 100 per cent.) Before we can command our own market and supply foreign nations, we must manufacture cheaper than others or they will not purchase our redundancy; and if this immense national object will, in the natural course of things, be accomplished in fifty years, is it not fair to believe that government can bring it about in less time? If the present protec tion gives our manufactures such an impulse, does it not afford the most powerful reason for increasing it-for affording to other articles the same encouragement as is now given to cottons? This great change in the balance of trade is not to be effected by commerce, but manufactures-it is of infinite importance to the country that it should be effected soon; we are not in that happy and flourishing situation that we can quietly remain passive and say ten years will bring things as they ought to be. Let it be done at once. The balance of trade and the rate of exchange is a serious and extensive evil; every year of its continuance drains the country of millions; if we can only keep the account even, remember every year makes a difference of 16,000,000-and delay is ruin. Manufactures will do it in ten years,-so the salvation of the country depends on manufactures-then let there be no delay in at least saving to the domestic the sup. ply for our own consumption; if we cannot turn the balance of trade in our favor, let it not be against us; if we cannot receive ten per cent. pre

Constitution of Massachusetts.

The constitutions of the several states having been published in the REGISTER, and necessarily forming an important part of the stock-matter of his work, we are careful to note all alterations or amendments.

The following is the proclamation of gov. Brooks, of Massachusetts, announcing to the public the the amendments lately made by the convention to the constitution of that state, and which, being ratified by the people, now form a part of the constitution of the said state..

Whereas sundry resolutions passed the legislature on the fifth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty-one, in the words following, viz:

"Whereas the convention of the delegates of the people, assembled at Boston on the third Wednes day of November, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and twenty, for the purpose of revising and amending the constitution of the commonwealth, pursuant to an act of the general court, passed on the sixteenth day of June, in the year aforesaid, submitted certain articles of amendment of the constitution to the people, for their ratification and adoption; and whereas it appears by a certificate of the committee of the said convention, that the following articles of amendment, so submitted, as aforesaid, have been ratified and adopted by the people, in the manner directed by the said convention, and have thereby become

Wit:

terns of the militia, all the members of their respec. tive companies, as well those under, as those above the age of twenty-one years, shall have a right to vote.

a part of the constitution of this commonwealth, to ARTICLE 1. If any bill or resolve shall be object ed to, and not approved by the governor; and if the general court shall adjourn within five days after ART. 6. Instead of the oath of allegiance, prescrithe same shall have been laid before the governor bed by the constitution, the following oath shall be for his approbation, and thereby prevent his return- taken and subscribed by every person shosen or ing it, with his objections, as provided by the con-appointed to any office, civil or military, under the stitution; such bill or resolve shall not become a law, government of this commonwealth, before he shall nor have force as such. enter on the duties of his office, to wit:

ART 2. The general court shall have full power | "I,A.B. do solemnly swear, that I will bear true and authority to erect and constitute municipal or faith and allegiance to the commonwealth of Massacity governments in any corporate town or towns chusetts, and will support the constitution thereof. in this commonwealth, and to grant to the inhabi- So help me God." tants thereof such powers, privileges and immuni- Provided, that when any person shall be of the ties, not repugnant to the constitution, as the gene-denomination called Quakers, and shall decline takral court shall deem necessary or expedient,for the ing said oath, he shall make his affirmation in the regulation and government thereof, and to pre- foregoing form, omitting the word “swear," and scribe the manner of calling and holding public inserting, instead thereof, the word “cfirm,” and incetings of the inhabitants in wards, or otherwise, omitting the words "so help me God," and subfor the election of officers, under the constitution, joining, instead thereof, the words, "this I do unand the manner of returning the votes given at such der the pains and penalties of perjury." meetings: provided, that no such government shall ART. 7. No oath, declaration or subscription, exbe erected or constituted in any town not contain- cepting the oath prescribed in the preceding article, ing twelve thousand inhabitants; nor unless it be and the oath of office, shall be required of the gov. with the consent, and on the application of a majori-ernor, lieutenant governor, counsellors, senators or ty of the inhabitants of such town, present and vo. representatives, to qualify them to perform the du ting thereon, pursuant to a vote at a meeting duly ties of their respective offices. warned and holden for that purpose: And provided ART. 8. No judge of any court of this commonalso, that all by-laws,made by such municipal or city wealth, (except the court of sessions,) and no pergovernment, shall be subject, at all times, to be an-son holding any office under the authority of the nulled by the general court.

United States, (post masters excepted,) shall, at ART. 3. Every male citizen of 21 years of age and the same time, hold the othice of governor, lientenupwards, (excepting paupers and persons under ant governor or counsellor, or have a seat in the guardianship,) who shall have resided within the senate or house of representatives of this comənoncommonwealth one year, and within the town or wealth; and no judge of any court, in this commondistrict, in which he may claim a right to vote, six wealth, (except the court of sessions) nor the atcallendar months, next preceding any election of torney general, solicitor general, county attorney, governor, lieutenant-governor, senators or repre- clerk of any court, sheriff, treasurer and receiver sentatives, and who shall have paid, by himself or general, register of probate, nor register of deeds,' his parent, master or guardian, any state or county shall continue to hold his said office after being tax, which shall, within two years next preceding elected a member of the congress of the United such election, bave been assessed upon him, in any States, and accepting that trust; but the acceptance town or district of this commonwealth; and also eve- of such trust, by any of the officers aforesaid, shall ry citizen, who shall be by law exempted from taxa-be deemed and taken to be a resignation of his said tion, and who shall be in all other respects quali-office: and judges of the courts of common pleas fied as above-mentioned, shall have a right to vote shall hold no other office, under the government of in such election of governor, lieutenant governor, this commonwealth, the office of justice of the senators and representatives; and no other person peace and militia officers excepted. shall be entitled to vote in such elections.

ART. 9. If, at any time hereafter, any specific and ART. 4. Notaries public shall be appointed by the particular amendment or amendments to the congovernor, in the same manner as judicial officers stitution be proposed, in the general court, and are appointed, and shall hold their offices during agreed to by a majority of the senators, and two seven years, unless sooner removed by the govern-thirds of the members of the house of representaor, with the consent of the council, upon the ad-tives present and voting thereon, such proposed dress of both houses of the legislature. amendment or amendments shall be entered on the journals of the two houses, with the yeas and nays taken thereon, and referred to the general court then next to be chosen, and shall be published; and if in the general court next chosen, as aforesaid, such proposed amendment or amendments shall be agreed to by a majority of the senators and two thirds of the members of the house of representatives present and voting thereon; then it shall be the duty of the general court to submit such proposed amendment or amendments to the people; and if they shall be approved and ratified by a majority of the qualified voters, voting thereon, at meetings legally warned and holden for that pur. pose, they shall become part of the constitution of this commonwealth.

In case the office of secretary or treasurer of the commonwealth, shall become vacant from any cause, during the recess of the general court, the governor, with the advice and consent of the council, shall nominate and appoint, under such regulations as may be prescribed, by law, a competent and suitable person to such vacant offic., who shall hold the same until a successor shall be appointed by the general court.

Whenever the exigencies of the commonwealth shall require the appointment of a commissary general, he shall be nominated, appointed and commissioned, in such manner as the legislature may, by law, prescribe.

All officers commissioned to command in the militia, may be removed from office in such manner as the legislature may, by law, prescribe.

ART. 5. In the elections of captains and subal

Resolved, That the above recited articles of amendment, shall be enrolled on parchment, and deposited in the secretary's office, as a part of the