ERRATA. Title to PART II. Motto, for habes read habeo. PART III. Page 603, line 11, for escaped a defile read a defile which 668, 679, led to 11, for tables read table. 14, for with adherent read and their adberents 711, 21, for dependance read independence 726, 13, for Nixam read Nizam 730, 736, 739, 749, S04, 806, 814, 824, 8༣༠, 851, 856, 857, 882, 888, 908, 13, for tha the read that he 15, for fhewt hem read fhew them 16, for granadiers read grenadiers 7, for extract read diftracts 1, for nda read and 910, head, for 110 read 910 line, 10, for Bitish read British note, for omne read omni 924, line, 8, for Cotbut read Cotbat 936, note, for dessert read differt 939, 17, for Zavier read Xavier. CHAP. XV. The Progrefs of the Connection of the English with British India. To form a true estimate of the opinion, in which the natives in India and the British nation may be induced to coincide as to the treaties and arrangements of past times, at present urged so strongly, and by the highest authority, on the feelings and honour of the nation, as prejudices deeply rooted in the minds and affections of the natives of India, as before stated*, I fhall curforily ftate the fentiments and circumftances of the contracting parties. When the Empire of Hindoftan + was invaded, and in part conquered by the Mogul Tartars about the beginning of the 15th century, many of the Rajahs, or Hindoo * Introduction, page xxxix. ↑ Holwell, Interesting Historical Events, p. 103. Princes of the country fubmitted, with little oppofition, to the invaders, on condition of holding their lands and principalities, paying a ftipulated annual tribute; but others of them, difdaining this tributary ftate of flavery, rétired to the fouthward, and poffeffing themfelves of the most southern parts of the Decan, they remained unmolested, until about the year 1654, the latter end of the reign of the Emperor Shaw Jehawn. His third fon, Aurengzebe, being at that time Soubah of the Decan, or South, made a fruitlefs attempt on Golconda, inftigated thereto by Mhir Jemla, who revolted to him from the then reigning Rajah of that famous city and adjoining country. Aurengzebe fucceeding to the Throne of Hindoftan in the year 1659, pursued, by his generals, his former designs against the independant Rajabs on the coast of Coromandel, guided chiefly by the council and inftructions of Mhir Jemla, by whofe valour Golconda was reduced, and the whole coaft fubdued, from Ganjam to Coleroon river, that is, from the latitude of 11940 to 199 30 north. The other promontory of India, called the coaft of Malabar, from the borders of the province Guzarat to cape Cormorin, was never conquered by the Mogul Emperors, but the independant poffeffion of it was maintained by various Rajahs, the chief of whom was the Rajah of Sittarah: to these independant princes the diftreffed and difpoffeffed Rajahs of Coromandel applied for fuccour. They, alarmed at the rapid progrefs of the Mogul arms, immediately united themselves under the banners of the Rajah of Sittarah. These united princes and people were collectively known by the name of Mahrattabs, a word compounded of Rattor and Maaba, the first being the name of a particular Raazpoot tribe, and the latter fignifying great or mighty, as explained by Mr. Frafer. The acquifitions thus gained to the empire by the generals of Aurengzebe, cost so much blood and treasure, that the diamond mines of Golconda hardly proved an equivalent; for the confederate princes made J fuch vigorous efforts to regain what they had loft, and Aurengzebe was obliged to keep up fo large an armament, that the expence of preferving his new conqueft exceeded the whole revenues acquired by it. The glorious vanity of having carried the conqueft of the empire farther than any of his predeceffors, determined him not to abandon them, until, at laft, finding he should rifque the lofs of the whole, he began to meditate coming to a treaty with them, which refolution was haftened by feveral bold attacks of the Mahrattabs, made on different parts of his dominions at the fame time. On the fide of his new fouthern acquifitions they carried fire and fword, fometimes into the province of Dowlatabad, and attacked the capital Aurenjabad, and from Sittarab they penetrated through the province of Guzerat, and fometimes alarmed even the Court of Delhi, ftriking a panic wherever they came. Aurengzebe, seeing at length no profpect of extending his conquefts farther over thefe intrepid natives, thought it a wife measure to secure and keep, if poffible, what he had got. To this end he entered |