CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES. xiii if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President. The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States. (ARTICLE XIII.) SECTION 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. SECTION 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. (ARTICLE XIV.) SECTION 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. SECTION 2. Representatives shall be appointed among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed; but when the right to vote at any election for the choice of Electors for President and Vice-President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State (being twenty-one years of age and citizens of the United States), or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in said State. SECTION 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or Elector, or President, or Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State Legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof; but Congress may, by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability. SECTION 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties, for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned: but neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave. But all such debts, obligations, and claims, shall be held illegal and void. SECTION 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this Article. 23 xiv CHRONOLOGICAL RECORD. On the throne of England HENRY VII. 1509 HENRY VIII. 1547 A. D. 1492. Oct. 12th, Columbus discovers America (St. Salvador). 1497. June 24th, main-land of America (Newfoundland) discovered by John and Sebastian Cabot, under a commission from Henry VII., of England. 1498. Columbus discovers the main-land of South America. 1499. Voyage of Amerigo Vespucci. 1501. Coast of N. A. explored by Cortereal, a Portuguese. 1512. March 27th, Florida discovered by Ponce de Leon. 1519. April, Cortez lands where Vera Cruz now stands. 1524. Verazzani, a Florentine in the service of France, explores 1528. Unsuccessful invasion of Florida by De Narvaez. 1539. De Soto commences his invasion at Tampa Bay. 1540. Attempt of Roberval to colonize New France. 1541. The Mississippi River discovered by De Soto. ED.VI. 1542. May 21st, De Soto dies; is buried in the Mississippi. 1553 1562. Huguenots attempt a settlement at Port Royal. MARY. 1564. Settlement of Huguenots on the St. John's, Fla. 1565. Spaniards found St. Augustine, and destroy the French colony. 1558 ELIZABETH 1576. Frobisher, an Englishman, seeks a N. W. passage. 1584. First expedition sent out by Sir Walter Raleigh reaches 1585. Raleigh's second expedition sent out under Grenville. 1589. Raleigh assigns his rights to the London Co. CHRONOLOGICAL RECORD. On the 1602. May 14th, Gosnold discovers Cape Cod. throne of 1606. Patent issued to London and Plymouth Companies. XV England 1607. Plymouth Co. attempt to plant a colony at the mouth of the Kennebec. First permanent English settlement made, JAMES I. at Jamestown, by London Co. 1608. Quebec founded by French under Champlain. Capt. John Smith explores Chesapeake Bay. 1609. Lord Delaware appointed governor of Virginia. Hendrik Hudson discovers the Hudson River. 1611. Cattle and hogs brought to Va. from Europe. 1613. Marriage of Pocahontas to John Rolfe. 1614. Dutch build a fort on Manhattan Island. Capt. Smith explores the coast of New England. 1615. Dutch settle at Fort Orange (Albany). 1618. Dutch settle in New Jersey, near the Hudson. 1619. "House of Burgesses," the first representative body in 1620. Dec. 11th (22d, N. S.), Pilgrims land at Plymouth. 1622. Indian massacre; 347 Virginia colonists killed. Grant rence to the Merrimac. 1624. James I. dissolves the London Company. 1625 1627. Swedes settle near the Delaware. CHARLES I. 1628. Massachusetts Bay Colony founded. John Endicott settles at Salem. Charlestown founded. 1630. Boston, Dorchester, Roxbury, Cambridge, founded. 1631. De Vries plants a colony of Dutch in Delaware. 1632. Trading-posts established in Maryland. 1633. Connecticut settled. Dutch build a fort at Hartford; Ply. mouth settlers erect a trading-post at Windsor. 1634. Leonard Calvert colonizes Maryland. 1635. Emigration from Massachusetts to Connecticut. 1636. Rhode Island first settled, at Providence, by Roger Williams. 1637. The Pequod War. 1638. Delaware colonized by Swedes and Finns. Anne Hutchinson's followers settle on Rhode Island. Colony of New Haven founded. 1641. New Hampshire united with Massachusetts. 1643. Indian War in New Netherlands. On the throne of England 1649 Common wealth. 1643. Confederacy formed, under the name of "the United Colonies of New England". Swedes from Delaware settle in Pennsylvania. 1644. Indian War in Virginia. 1653. North Carolina first colonized, by Virginians. 1655. Dutch conquer the Swedes of Delaware. 1659. Quakers executed in Massachusetts. 1660 1663. Carolina granted to Clarendon and others. CHARLES II. 1685 Jas. II. 1688 William and Mary. 1702 Anne. 1664. Charles II. grants the whole country from the Connecticut to the Delaware to his brother, the Duke of York. New Amsterdam is taken, and its name changed to New York. All the Dutch possessions pass into the hands of the English. New Jersey granted to Berkeley and Carteret. 1665. Allouez explores Lake Superior. 1670. Locke's Grand Model signed. S. Carolina colonized. 1675. King Philip's War. Indian War in Virginia. 1676. King Philip killed; his tribe destroyed. Bacon's Rebellion. Jamestown burned. 1679. New Hampshire made a royal province. 1680. Founding of Charleston. 1681. William Penn obtains a grant from Charles II. 1682. Pennsylvania settled. Philadelphia founded in 1683. 1685. Andros made governor of all New England. 1687. Andros tries to take away the charter of Conn. 1689. King William's War; lasts till 1697. 1690. Schenectady burned by French and Indians. 1692. Witch delusion in Salem, now Danvers. 1696. Rice first raised in Carolina. 1701. Detroit founded by the French. 1702. Queen Anne's War; lasts till 1713. Mobile founded by French under D'Iberville. 1704. Deerfield, Mass., destroyed by French and Indians. 1714 1715. Tuscaroras driven out of N. C., after three years' war. 1717. Law's Mississippi Scheme; exploded 1720. GEORGE I. 1727 1718. New Orleans founded by the French. 1724. Vermont first settled, by emigrants from Mass. Baltimore 1729. N. and S. Carolina made separate governments. Massacre 1730. The Natchez exterminated by the French. throne of CHRONOLOGICAL RECORD. On the 1733. Georgia settled by Oglethorpe, at Savannah. 1740. Unsuccessful invasion of Fla. by Oglethorpe. England 1742. Unsuccessful invasion of Ga. by the Spanish. GEORGE II. 1744. King George's War; lasts till 1748. 1745. Colonists under Sir Wm. Pepperell take Louisburg. xvii 1754. Fort Du Quesne begun by the English; taken and finished by the French. Washington defeats Jumonville. 1755. Braddock's defeat. Dieskau's defeat. 1756. War formally declared between France and England. 1758. Montcalm repulses Abercrombie at Ticonderoga. English 1759. English take Quebec. Wolfe and Montcalm fall. 1760 1760. All Canada surrenders to the English. GEORGE III. 1763. Peace of Paris ends the French and Indian War. Pontiac's Mackinaw taken; Detroit besieged. -War; 1765. Stamp Act passed; repealed, March, 1766. 1767. Duty laid on tea, glass, paper, and painters' colors. 1768. Sept. 27th, British troops arrive at Boston. 1770. Boston Massacre. Duties removed, except on tea. 1773. Tea thrown overboard at Boston. 1774. Sept. 5th, Continental Congress meet at Philadelphia. 1775. Revolutionary War commences April 19th, with Battle of Lexington. May 10th, Ethan Allen takes Ticonderoga. May 12th, Warner takes Crown Point. May 21st, Independence declared in N. C. June 15th, Washington elected commander-in-chief. June 17th, Battle of Bunker Hill. Dec. 31st, unsuccessful attack on Quebec; Montgomery slain. 1776. March 17th, British evacuate Boston; June 28th, are repulsed at Charleston. July 4th, Declaration of Independence. Aug. 27th, Battle of Long Island. Sept. 15th, British land on N. Y. Island. Oct. 28th, Battle of White Plains. Nov. 16th, British take Fort Washington. Dec. 26th, Battle of Trenton. 1777. Jan. 3d, Battle of Princeton. La Fayette arrives in Amer ica. July 6th, Burgoyne takes Ticonderoga. Aug. 3d, |