1784, he obtained a prebendal stall in St. Peter's, Westminster, on his collation to which he took the degree of D. D. by royal mandate. In 1785, he was elected F. R. S., and preferred to the living of Sudbourn-cum-Orford, in Suffolk; and, in 1787, he succeeded Dr. Thurlow in the bishopric of Lincoln, and the deanery of St. Paul's. In 1799, previously to which year be had published some charges and sermons, appeared his Elements of Christian Theology; and, in 1811, his Refutation of the Charge of Calvinism against the Church of England. He refused the bishopric of London in 1813, but consented, in 1820, to accept that of Winchester, to which he was accordingly translated. In 1821, he published the first portion of his Life of William Pitt, in two volumes, which were subsequently increased to three; and it is understood that he was employed on a completion of the work during the latter period of his life. At the suggestion of his wife, a daughter of Thomas Maltby, Esq., of Buckinghamshire, in 1823, he made a claim, which was allowed, to a Nova Scotia baronetage, which had been conferred by Charles the First on one of his ancestors. He died on the 14th of November, 1827, leaving a daughter and two sons, the eldest of whom declined assuming the title which his father had recovered. At the time of his decease, the bishop's personal property amounted to nearly £200,000; and he was also possessed of several farms in Suffolk, which had been bequeathed to him by James Hayes, Esq., and a valuable estate, comprising the entire parish of Riby, in Lincolnshire, with the manor and advowson, which had been left him by a gentleman with whom he had no sort of connexion, on condition that he should assume the name of Tomline, which was that of his benefactor. While private secretary to Pitt, he was satirized, in the Probationary Odes, as a man destitute of all regard for truth; and after he had been elevated to the episcopal bench, although his fortune was immense, he was accused of evincing an undignified love of money, and of so distributing his patronage as chiefly to advance and enrich his own family and connexions. The justice of these accusations

is, however, even more than doubtful. One of his biographers describes him as having been, in his professional character, vigilant, impartial, and compassionate; and, in ordinary intercourse, though extremely dignified, condescending and kind. The writer adds, that although, to the inferior clergy, there was something unquestionably overawing in his presence, yet it was impossible not to admire the courtliness of his manners, and the benevolence of his sentiments. In the house of lords he rendered himself conspicuous, chiefly by opposing concession either to catholics or dissenters. His reatise on Christian Theology is a book of considerable reputation; but his Life of Pitt, though voluminous, is dull and unsatisfactory. When he had finished the first portion of the latter work, he proposed, in a letter signed "George Winton," that it should be brought out by a celebrated publisher, who, being ignorant that "Winton" was the usual signature of the Bishops of Winchester, and feeling indignant at the arrogant propositions of one whom he supposed to be a provincial tyro in literature, returned, it is said, a contemptuous negative to the offer; which, however, on account of the active measures which he took to intercept it, on being informed of his error by a friend, to whom he accidentally mentioned the circumstance, never reached the hands of his dignified correspondent.

BURGESS, (THOMAS, Bishop of Salisbury,) was born at Odiham, in Hampshire, in 1754-5, and educated at Winchester college, and New college, Oxford. After graduating as B. A. he became a fellow and tutor of Corpus Christi college, and, subsequently, proceeded to the degrees of M. A., B. D., and D. D. While at the university, he obtained a prize for An Essay on the Study of Antiquities; and published A Treatise on the Origin and Formation of the Greek Language. This work obtained the favourable notice of Bishop Barrington, who appointed the author his chaplain, gave him a prebend of Carlisle, and, subsequently, a stall, to which a living was attached, in the cathedral of Durham. In 1803, Addington, then prime minister, who had

been his cotemporary at Winchester and Oxford, procured his elevation to the see of St. David's, from which he was subsequently translated to that of Salisbury. Besides the works already named, he is the author of First Principles of Christian Knowledge; Conspectus Criticarum Observationum in Scriptores Græcos et Latinos; Remarks on Josephus's Account of Herod's rebuilding the Temple at Jerusalem; Elementary Evidence of the Spirit of Christianity; Considerations on the Abolition of Slavery; A Discourse in support of the Doctrine of Christ's Divinity; Practical Christianity, or, Arminians and Calvinists reconciled on Scripture Principles; Initia Paulina; and some occasional sermons. also edited Gravinæ Opuscula; Invitiæ Homerica; Burton's Pentalogia; and the Miscellanea Critica, of Dawes, with a copious appendix. He was married, in 1796, to Miss Bright, of Durham, half sister to the Marchioness of Winchester.

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MARSH, (HERBERT, Bishop of Peterborough,) was born in London, about 1757, and, in 1776, became a sizar of St. John's college, Cambridge, where he graduated as B. A. with great distinction, obtained several prizes, and was elected to a fellowship. After having proceeded to the degree of M. A. in 1783, he went to Germany, whence he is said to have transmitted important political information to Mr. Pitt; and, on his return, to have obtained a pension for his services. Resuming his academical pursuits, after having graduated in divinity he delivered several series of discourses, as Lady Margaret professor, which were afterwards printed under the title of Lectures on Theology. In 1792, he published An Essay on the Usefulness of Theological Learning to those designed for Holy Orders; also, The Authenticity of The Books of Moses considered; and, in 1795, he engaged in a controversy with Archdeacon Travis, on the subject of the Three Heavenly Witnesses. In 1800, he printed, in two volumes, octavo, A History of the Politics of Great Britain and France, in which he strenuously vindicated the conduct pursued by the British government. In 1807, he vacated his fellowship, by marrying

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the daughter of Professor Michaelis, of Gottingen, whose Introduction to the New Testament he had previously translated and published, with some original explanatory notes. In 1816, he obtained the see of Landaff, (with the deanery of St. Paul's annexed,) from which he was translated, in 1819, to that of Peterborough. attempts to repress Calvinism in his new diocese, soon rendered him obnoxious to the evangelical portion of the clergy, and several publications appeared on the subject, which was ultimately brought before the house of lords, but without any material result. Besides the works already mentioned, he has produced Hora Pelasgica; National Religion the foundation of National Education; A History of the Translations which have been made of the Scriptures; A Comparative View of the Churches of England and Rome; Statement of Two Cases tried,-one in the King's Bench, and the other in the Arches Court of Canterbury, on the subject of his anti-Calvinistic examination of candidates for holy orders, and applicants for licences to preach or hold livings in his diocese; An Inquiry into the consequences of neglecting to give the Prayer-book with the Bible; and several lectures, sermons, speeches, &c.

GISBORNE, (THOMAS,) was born at Derby, in 1758, and proceeded from Harrow school, in 1776, to St. John's college, Cambridge, where, after having obtained Sir William Browne's gold medal, he graduated as B. A. in 1780, with considerable honour. Shortly afterwards, he was declared senior chancellor's medallist; and, in 1783, became M.A. His only preferments in the church have been to a prebendary of Durham, and the perpetual curacy of Barton-under-Needwood, in Staffordshire. He married, in 1784, Mary, the daughter of Thomas Babington, Esq. by whom he has a large family. This exemplary divine is the author of three volumes of sermons; An Inquiry into the Duties of Men in the higher and middle Classes of Society; An Inquiry into the Duties of the Female Sex; A Familiar Survey of the Christian Religion, and of History, as connected with the Introduction of Christianity,

and with its Progress to the present Time; Poems, Sacred and Moral; Walks in a Forest; and the Principles of Moral Philosophy investigated and applied to the Constitution of Civil Society.

POTT, (JOSEPH HOLDEN, Archdeacon of London,) son of the celebrated surgeon, Perceval Pott, was born about the year 1758. He published a poem in two cantos, while a scholar at Eton; whence he was removed, in 1776, to St. John's college, Cambridge, where he produced a volume of odes, elegies, &c. in 1779. He took the degree of B. A. in 1780, and that of M. A. in 1783. Entering into holy orders, he obtained, successively, the rectory of St. Olave, Old Jewry; a prebendal stall in Lincoln cathedral; the archdeaconry of St. Alban's; the rectory of Bursted, in Essex; that of Northall, in Middlesex; that of St. Martin's-in-the-fields, Westminster; and the archdeaconry of London. In addition to the works already mentioned, he has published a tragedy, entitled Sulmane; An Essay on Landscape Painting; Sermons for Fasts and Festivals: Elementary Discourses for Young Persons after Confirmation; Christian Prudence and Discretion, urged against fantastic and hurtful Schemes of Life: a Concio ad Clerum, on proceeding to the degree of D.D. in 1803; Considerations on the General View of the Christian Covenant; The Case of the Heathen considered with that of Persons who enjoy the Blessings of the Gospel; Remarks on two particulars, in A Refutation of Calvinism, by a Friend to the Principles of that Work; besides various charges and sermons.

KETT, (HENRY,) was born at Norwich, in 1761. He commenced his education at the grammar school of his native city, whence he was removed, in 1777, to Trinity college, Oxford, where, after having taken his degrees of B. A. and M. A., he became tutor and obtained a fellowship. In 1790, as Bampton lecturer, he delivered a series of discourses, defending the church of England against the attacks of Gibbon, Priestley, and others. In 1793, he became a candidate for the professorship of poetry, but lost the election by about twenty votes. During the same

year took his first degree in divinity. In 1808, he relinquished his college offices, although he still continued to reside at the university. In 1814, Bishop Tomline presented him to the perpetual curacy of Hykeham, which, with that of Elsfield, given him by Dr. Chapman, were the only preferments he ever possessed, although it is said, many valuable college benefices fell to his turn while a fellow of Trinity, which, however, he had declined, as they respectively occurred, in favour of his juniors. Towards the close of the year 1823, he married a lady, named White, and retired to the village of Charlton, in Gloucestershire, of which she had previously been a resident. On the 30th of June, 1825, this accomplished scholar and divine was drowned, while bathing near the seat of Sir John Gibbons, of Stanwell, Baronet, with whom he was on a visit. By his will, he devised the bulk of his property, which amounted to about £25,000, after the decease of his wife, to the Radcliffe infirmary, and other charitable institutions. He appears to have commenced his literary career in 1787, during which year, he contributed five numbers to the Olla Podrida. In 1793, he published a small volume of Juvenile Poems, which, although they were not wholly destitute of merit, the author, shortly afterwards, took great pains to suppress, as they were calculated, in the opinion of his friends, to injure rather than to enhance his literary reputation. allusion to this circumstance, his fellow collegian, Thomas Warton, wrote the following epigram, the point of which turns upon a nasal peculiarity of Kett:

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Our Kett not a poet! Why, how can you say so? For if he's no Ovid, I'm sure he's a NASO.

The subject of our notice also published A History of the Interpretation of Prophecy; Journal of a Tour to the Lakes of Cumberland, printed in Mavor's British Tourist; Elements of General Knowledge, a book of which Johnson said, the tutor would be deficient in his duty, who neglected to put it into the hands of his pupils; Logic made Easy; Emily, a moral tale; a new edition of Headley's Beauties of English Poetry; and Flowers of Wit, or, A Collection of Bon-Mots, ancient and

modern. For several years before his death, he is said to have been engaged in a translation of the Greek proverbs, collected by Lubinus, with notes, which he left in manuscript, unfinished. As a writer, he was neat and elegant; as a preacher, animated and impressive; and, in his opinions as a divine, particularly hostile to enthusiasm.

MAGEE, (WILLIAM, Archbishop of Dublin,) a native of Ireland, was born in 1765, and completed his education at Trinity college, Dublin; where, after having taken the degrees of B. A. and M. A., he was appointed assistant professor of oriental languages. About the year 1806, he became senior fellow of his college; and, soon afterwards, professor of mathematics. In 1813, he obtained the deanery of Cork; and, in 1819, the bishopric of Raphoe, from which he was translated, in 1822, to the archiepiscopal see of Dublin. His publications consist of a few sermons and charges; A Memoir of Thomas Perceval, M. D.; and two volumes of Discourses on the Scripture Doctrines of the Atonement and Sacrifice of Christ; in which he attacked unitarianism with such orthodox zeal, learning, and acuteness, that the work became remarkably popular. His admirers eulogized him as "the uncompromising upholder of Christianity, whether assailed by the unitarian or the papist;" while a large portion of his fellow-countrymen were bitterly upbraiding him for his active hostility to the catholic claims. cording to a writer in the New Monthly Magazine, he ascended the archiepiscopal throne with a spirit of fierce intolerance; and his first charge fell upon the inflammable population of Ireland like a firebrand,-exciting among the catholics the most deplorable heartburnings. "He thrust himself forward," continues the writer, "as the head of the declining Orange party; projected the New Reformation Society; and opposed the burial of a Roman catholic in the church-yard of St. Peter's, Dublin, because some legal punctilio had not been complied with. His ambition was manifest in all he wrote, preached, or said: it was visible, even in the arrogant port with which he bustled along the streets of the metropolis; presenting, in most ludicrous

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combination, the pert coxcomb with the overbearing churchman; and suggesting to the humorous fancy of an eminent catholic preacher, the happy designation of the 'magpie prelate.'

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HOWLEY, (WILLIAM, Archbishop of Canterbury,) the son of a beneficed clergyman, was born in Hampshire, in or about the year 1765. After having received a preliminary classical education, he was sent to Winchester college; whence, in 1784, he was removed to New college, Oxford. took the degree of B.A. in 1787, or 1788, and soon afterwards succeeded to a fellowship. On the 11th of July, 1791, he became M. A., and subsequently migrated to Christchurch college, where he acted as private tutor to the Prince of Orange. He obtained the degree of B. D. on the 29th of January, 1805, and that of D.D. on the 1st of the following month. In 1809, he succeeded Dr. Hall, in the regius professorship of divinity, which he continued to hold until the year 1813, when, on the death of Dr. Randolph, he was made dean of the chapel-royal, provincial dean of Canterbury, and raised to the metropolitan see, from which his translation to that of Canterbury took place in 1828. Archbishop Howley is married, and has several children. His elevation to the bishopric of London has been attributed solely to his known hostility to the catholic claims; to which, on obtaining a seat in the house of lords, he became a conspicuous opponent. He is said to be learned, modest, talented, pious, and munificent. His productions consist of a few visitation charges, and occasional sermons.

VAN MILDERT, (WILLIAM, Bishop of Durham,) the son of a merchant of Dutch extraction, was born in London, about the year 1765, and educated at Merchant Tailors' school, and Queen's college, Oxford. He took the degree of B. A. in 1787, and that of M. A. in 1790. Soon after he had been ordained, he became rector of St. Maryle-Bow; in which capacity he was sued for non-residence, but claimed exemption from the penalty, because there was no parsonage-house in the rectory. A verdict was, however, obtained against him, from the consequences of