of John Maddison, Esq., of Gainsborough, whom he married in 1787) it was resolved that a copy of the vote should be presented to her on vellum. He is described, apparently with great justice, by one of his biographers, as having been endowed with a masculine understanding; considerable powers of eloquence; an ardent and excursive mind; controlled, however, by the most disciplined and calculating discretion; great learning, especially in the prose department of Greek literature; a disposition so benevolent, that to relieve others he often distressed himself; astonishing zeal for the advancement of Christianity in the east; and such severe ideas of duty, that he knew no medium between right and wrong, falsehood and truth, or exertion and neglect.

RICHMOND, (LEGH,) was born at Liverpool, on the 29th of January, 1772. He received an injury, during his childhood, by leaping from a wall, which lamed him for the remainder of his life. After having laid the foundation of a classical education, he proceeded to Trinity college, Cambridge, where a severe illness, produced by intense application, materially retarded his academical progress. He graduated, by Egrotat, in 1794, and proceeded to the degree of M. A. in 1797; during which year he married, took deacon's orders, and commenced his pastoral duties as a curate, in the Isle of Wight. He subsequently officiated, for some time, at Lock chapel, in the metropolis; and, in 1805, obtained the rectory of Turvey, in Bedfordshire, where he died, on the 8th of May, 1827. Besides a work, entitled, The Fathers of the Church, he wrote a number of narrative pieces, in support of religion, several of which, (including The Dairyman's Daughter, The Young Cottager, The Negro Servant, &c.) after having been printed separately, were collected and published in one volume, entitled, Annals of the Poor. Some of these simple and unpretending compositions, which procured for their amiable author a large share of public esteem, as well as the friendship of many pious and learned individuals, have been translated into more than twenty foreign languages, and millions of copies of

After

MANT, (RICHARD, Bishop of Down and Connor,) was born at Southampton, about 1777, and proceeded from Winchester school to Oriel college, Oxford, in 1793, or the following year. having graduated as B. A. and obtained a prize, for the best essay on commerce, he was elected to a fellowship; proceeded to the degree of M. A.; entered into holy orders, and became curate to his father, who was rector of All Souls, at Southampton. In 1811, he was appointed to deliver the Bampton lectures; and, in 1814, in conjunction with D'Oyly, he published D'Oyly and Mant's Quarto Bible, with notes original and select. He now became chaplain to the Archbishop of Canterbury, and vicar of Coggeshall, in Essex. In 1816, he printed the discourses which he had preached at the Bampton lecture, under the title of An Appeal to the Gospel, or an Inquiry into the Justice of the Charge that the Gospel is not preached by the National Clergy. Soon afterwards, he obtained the living of St. Botolph, Bishopsgate; and, in 1820, the bishopric of Killala and Kilfenora, from which he was translated, in 1822, to that of Down and Connor. Besides the works already mentioned, he has published an edition of the Poetical Works of Joseph Warton, with a Memoir prefixed; Puritanism Revived; The Slave, and other poetical pieces; The Book of Psalms, in a new English metrical Version, with Notes, critical and illustrative; Biographical Notices of the Apostles, &c.; an edition of the Book of Common Prayer, with extracts from the writings of the most learned divines and commentators; three volumes of sermons, and a number of discourses, tracts, &c.

D'OYLY, (GEORGE,) the son of Archdeacon D'Oyly, was born about 1778; and sent, in 1796, to Trinity college, Cambridge; where, on graduating

as B. A. in 1800, he was second wrangler, and, shortly afterwards, obtained the second Smith's prize. After having been elected to a fellowship, he took the degree of M. A. in 1803. In 1807, and the two following years, he filled the office of junior moderator; in 1810, he graduated in divinity; in 1811, he was elected Christian advocate; and, in that capacity, preached two discourses before the university; the one, On a Particular Providence, and the other, On Modern Unitarianism. These were printed in 1812; and about the same period, he published, in two parts, A Letter to Sir William Drummond, relative to his dipus Judaicus. In 1814, in conjunction with Dr. Mant, he produced a quarto Bible, with original and select notes and illustrations. In 1816, he resigned the office of Christian advocate on proceeding to the degree of D. D.; and, in 1820, the Archbishop of Canterbury, to whom he had for some time before, been chaplain, presented him to the valuable rectory of Lambeth. He was subsequently offered, it is said, an Irish bishopric, which, however, he thought proper to decline. Besides the works already named, he has published The Life of Archbishop Sancroft, with an Appendix; An Essay on the Doctrine of Assurance; and one volume of sermons.

COPLESTONE, (EDWARD, Bishop of Llandaff,) was born about the year 1780, and finished his education at Oriel college, Oxford, where he obtained a prize medal for an English essay on agriculture, and another for a composition in Latin verse. He took the degree of B. A., in 1794, and soon afterwards obtained a fellowship. In 1797, he proceeded to the degree of M. A.; and, in 1802, succeeded Dr. Hurdis, as professor of poetry. In 1807, he served the office of proctor; and, in the following year, he proceeded to the degree of B. D. In 1809, he resigned his professorship; and, in 1813, became provost of his college, rector of Purleigh, in Essex, and D.D., by diploma. 1828, he was promoted to the deanery of St. Paul's, and, at the same time, raised to the bishopric of Llandaff. Shortly afterwards, he voted in favour of catholic emancipation and the repeal of the test and corporation acts;

In

although he had previously, it is said, been decidedly hostile to concession. He has published a few single sermons; An Inquiry into the Doctrines of Necessity and Predestination; and Prælectiones Academicæ Oxonii Habitæ.

KAYE, (JOHN, Bishop of Lincoln,) the son of humble, but respectable parents, was born about 1782. He appears to have graduated with extraordinary distinction, in 1804, at Christ college, Cambridge, where he proceeded to the degree of M. A. in 1807; and, subsequently, became tutor to the Marquess of Bute; who, on coming of age, is said to have presented him with £20,000; one half of which was, however, returned. In 1814, the subject of our notice obtained the mastership of his college, when he took the degree of B. D.; and, shortly afterwards, that of D. D., by royal mandate. In 1815, he served the university office of vicechancellor; and, in the following year, succeeded Bishop Watson in the regius professorship of divinity. On the death of Bishop Mansell, he was raised, through the interest, as it is supposed, of his noble pupil, to the see of Bristol, and subsequently translated to that of Lincoln. He has published a Concio ad Clerum; a sermon on the death of the Princess Charlotte; and The Ecclesiastical History of the Second and Third Centuries.

LLOYD, (CHARLES, Bishop of Oxford,) was born at Downley, Bucks, on the 26th of September, 1784. From Eton, he was sent, in 1803, to Christchurch, Oxford; where, in 1804, he was selected as dean's student, and shortly after became tutor to Mr. Peel. In 1806, he took the degree of B. A. with great distinction; he then went into Scotland, as tutor to Lord Elgin's children; but soon returned to Oxford, and obtained the post of mathematical lecturer at his college. In 1809, he proIceeded to the degree of M. A.; and, about the same period, took holy orders. In 1819, he was appointed preacher of Lincoln's-inn; and shortly afterwards, became chaplain to the Archbishop of Canterbury, who presented him to the living of Bursted, in Sussex; which he resigned, in 1822, on being chosen regius professor of divinity. About the

same period, he proceeded to the degree of D. D.; and, in 1827, obtained the bishopric of Oxford. Soon after his introduction to the house of peers, he displayed his zeal as a supporter of high protestant principles, during a debate on catholic emancipation, which he most vehemently opposed; but, in the next session, he spoke and voted in favour of the relief bill. He, consequently, brought on himself the bitter reproaches of those who were hostile to the measure, and lost the esteem of his former friends. It has been broadly insinuated, that remorse for his apostacy rapidly hurried him to his grave: his death, however, may, with more probability, be ascribed to a severe cold, which he caught, by sitting in a current of air, while dining with the Royal Academicians, a few days after he had spoken, what Croly terms, his fatal speech, in the house of lords. His death took place on the 31st of May, 1829. By his wife, a daughter of Colonel Stapleton, he left five children. "In private life," says a writer in The Gentleman's Magazine," he was one of the most amiable of human beings; keenly alive to every domestic tie, and every domestic duty; frank and openhearted, generous, affectionate, and considerate." He is described, by the same writer, as having been a sound reasoner, an excellent tutor, and one of the firmest defenders of the church of England. He produced an edition of the Greek Testament, printed in small octavo, at the Clarendon press; and was the author of a paper in the British Critic for October, 1825, entitled, A View of the Roman Catholic Doctrines.

JAMES, (JOHN THOMAS,) Bishop of Calcutta, was born on the 23rd of January, 1786. After having received the rudiments of education under his father, at Rugby grammar school, he was placed on the foundation at the Charter-house. In 1803, he obtained a prize medal, from the Society of Arts, for a drawing of Winchester cathedral; and, about the same time, evinced a strong inclination for a maritime life, which, however, at the earnest entreaty of his mother, he endeavoured to subdue, and turned his attention to the church. In 1804, he was removed to Christchurch,

Oxford, where Dean Jackson, soon afterwards, rewarded his application with a studentship. After having taken his degrees of B. A. (in 1807) and M. A. (in 1810) he acted as a tutor of his college, until 1813, when, with Sir James Riddell, he made a tour through the north of Europe; of which, on his return to England, he printed an account; and, some time afterwards, at the request of his friends, published a set of illustrative sketches, engraved and coloured by himself. In 1816, he visited Italy, and collected materials for his work, entitled, The Italian Schools of Painting, which met with such success, on publication, that, in 1822, he produced another, on The French, Dutch, and German Schools: this he intended to have followed up with descriptions of those of Spain, France, and England; but the increase of infidelity induced him to devote his attention to the defence of Christianity; and, in 1826, he published the Semi-Sceptic; or, The Common Sense of Religion considered. Although he took orders soon after his return from Italy, he had hitherto obtained no preferment, except the small vicarage of Flitton with Selsoe, in Bedfordshire; from which, on the death of Bishop Heber, he was, unexpectedly, raised to the see of Calcutta. Early in 1827, the university of Oxford_conferred upon him the degree of D. D. by diploma; and, on the 14th of July in that year, he embarked for India; where, like his two excellent predecessors, he soon fell a victim to the climate. He persevered in discharging his laborious episcopal functions, even after he had become so deplorably enfeebled by disease, that, being unable to stand, he was under the necessity of preaching on his knees. He died on the 23rd of August, 1827, leaving three children, and a widow, the daughter of F. Reeves, Esq. of East Sheen, in Surrey. He is described as having been mild, agreeable, pious, and benevolent; an able preacher, an orthodox divine, and a man of considerable learning, judgment, and taste.

RENNELL, (THOMAS,) son of Dr. Rennell, Master of the Temple, was born in 1787, and placed, at an early age, on the foundation at Eton, where he obtained the Buchanan prize for a

Greek Sapphic ode, on the propagation of the Gospel in India; and, in conjunction with three of his fellow-students, published a periodical, in imitation of The Microcosm, entitled, The Miniature. He was removed, in his turn, to King's college, Cambridge, in 1806; and, two years afterwards, he obtained Sir William Browne's gold medal, for a Greek ode. He also distinguished himself, about the same period, by his contributions to the Museum Criticum. After having graduated, and entered into holy orders, he was appointed assistant-preacher to his father, in the Temple. In 1811, he produced Animadversions on the Unitarian Translation, or improved Version of The New Testament; and, about the same time, accepted the editorship of The British Critic. In 1816, he was presented to the vicarage of Kensington, and elected Christian advocate at the university of Cambridge. In 1819, he published a work, which passed rapidly through six editions, in answer to Bichat, Morgan, and Lawrence, entitled, Remarks on Scepticism, especially as it is connected with the Subjects of Organization and Life. On account of some observations contained in this production, an attempt was made to exclude him from the Royal Society, of which, however, he became a fellow. Soon after the appearance of The Apocryphal New Testament, he printed his Proofs of Inspiration, or the Grounds of Distinction between the New Testament and the Apocryphal Volume. In 1823, the Bishop of Salisbury, to whom he had, for some time, been examining chaplain, conferred on him the mastership of St. Nicholas's hospital, and collated him to the prebend of South Grantham. Shortly afterwards, he published a letter to Henry Brougham, Esq. upon a speech delivered by him at Durham, and upon three of his articles relative to the clergy, in the Edinburgh Review. His last literary work was an edition, with a preface and notes, of Munter's Narrative of the Conversion of Count Struensee: soon after the completion of which he became alarmingly ill, and died of a decline, on the 30th of June, 1824, leaving a widow, the daughter of John Delafield, Esq., of Kensington, whom he had married in the autumn of the

preceding year. He was a zealous, yet calm and rational supporter of Christianity; an eloquent and persuasive preacher; an affectionate relative, and a most sincere friend. He delivered the Warburtonian lectures, at Lincoln'sinn; and, on several occasions, officiated at the university church of St. Mary's. Some time before his death he had proceeded to the degrees of M. A. and B. D.; and, in addition to the works already mentioned, he published two sermons,-one, On the Value of Human Life under the Gospel, and the other, On the Unambitious Views of the Church of Christ.

was

BENSON, (CHRISTOPHER,) born about the year 1788, and completed his education at Trinity college, Cambridge, where he took his degrees of B. A. and M. A. without much distinction, either as a mathematician or a classic; but after having, for some time, officiated as a curate, in his native county, Cumberland, on preaching, in his turn, at the university church, he displayed such extraordinary powers as a pulpit orator, that he was immediately appointed to the Hulsean professorship. Some time afterwards, he became a fellow of his college, and obtained a small living in the neighbourhood of Cambridge, from which he was removed, by Lord Eldon, on the recommendation of Dr. Howley, then bishop of London, as a divine eminently qualified for the station, to the valuable and important living of St. Giles's-in-the-fields. A few years afterwards, he became master of the Temple, and a prebendary of Worcester. As a preacher, he enjoys considerable popularity: his voice is full, solemn, and manly; and his manner earnest, impressive, and somewhat severe; his action is neither energetic nor graceful.

but

He has published A Theological Inquiry into the Sacrament of Baptism; The Chronology of our Saviour's Life, or An Inquiry into the true Time of the Birth, Baptism, and Crucifixion of Jesus Christ; two separate volumes of discourses, delivered before the university of Cambridge, as Hulsean lecturer; and a few single sermons. He married, soon after his appointment to the mastership of the Temple, a relative of Mitford, the historian of Greece.

TRUMBULL, (Sir WILLIAM,) was born about the year 1640. After having studied for some time at Oakingham grammar-school, he removed to St. John's college, Cambridge, which he quitted at an early age, for the purpose of making a continental tour. On his return, he is supposed to have become a member of All Souls college, and is said to have taken the degrees of B.C.L. and D. C. L. He received the honour of knighthood from Charles the Second, and became, successively, judge advocate of Tangier, clerk of the signet, clerk of the delivery of the ordnance stores, envoy extraordinary to the court of France, ambassador to the sublime Porte, commissioner of the treasury, a privy-counsellor, and secretary of state. He also acted for some time as governor of the Hudson's Bay and Turkey companies, and sat in several parliaments for different places. He was twice married: first, to Elizabeth, the beautiful daughter of Charles Cotterel; and secondly, in his old age, to Judith, daughter of the fourth Earl of Sterling, by whom he had two children. displayed great zeal in favour of the persecuted protestants on the continent, and is said to have been a man of unblemished reputation and much ability. To William the Third, he is stated, on one occasion, to have given the following advice: "Do not, sir, send embassies to Italy, but a fleet into the Mediterranean, and you will get all you want." The latter part of his life was spent in learned ease, at East Hampstead, in Berkshire, where he died on the 14th of December, 1716. Pope, with whom he lived upon terms of friendship, wrote his epitaph, which is said to contain in twelve lines, almost every topic of encomium, calculated to excite either love, veneration, or esteem.

He

HUME, (PATRICK, Earl of Marchmont,) was born on the 13th of January, 1641, and educated by, or under the superintendence of, his mother. He became member of parliament for

Berwick, in 1665; and, two years afterwards, he was thrown into prison for having remonstrated against a tax which had been imposed by the privy-council. On being liberated, after a confinement of thirteen months, he entered into a plot against Charles the Second; which, being discovered, he was declared a traitor, and his estate was confiscated. Escaping to the continent, he there joined the Duke of Monmouth, whom he soon afterwards accompanied in his fatal expedition to England; on the disastrous termination of which, after lurking for three weeks in Ayrshire, he contrived to reach Dublin, and thence fled to Holland. He now became attached to the party of the Prince of Orange, with whom he came to England in 1688. Soon after the revolution, he recovered his confiscated estate, and the new monarch made him a privy-counsellor, a lord of session, lord high chancellor, and lord high commissioner of Scotland; creating him, also, in 1690, Baron of Polworth; and, in 1697, Earl of Marchmont. On the accession of Queen Anne, he lost his preferments; but, as it is stated, none of his activity. Becoming a leader of the Whigs, he rendered himself conspicuous by his violent opposition to the establishment of episcopacy in Scotland, and his bitter hostility to those who were favourable to the restoration of the Stuarts, whom he at once detested and feared. According to Lockhart, he received £1104: 15s: 7d. for promoting the union with Scotland; and, it is said, obtained a pecuniary reward for supporting the act of settlement in favour of the Electress Sophia. Soon after the accession of George the First, he became high sheriff of Berkshire, and a lord of police. He died in 1724; leaving issue, by his wife, Grisel, a daughter of Sir Thomas Kerr, of Cavers. He is said to have been remarkably handsome, but exceedingly disagreeable as a companion, on account of the coarseness of his epithets, and his intolerable passion for making harangues.