Public Opinion and American Foreign PolicyUniversity of Michigan Press, 1996 - 257 страница One of the central issues in democratic theory is the proper role of public opinion in the conduct of international affairs. The capacity of the public to make informed judgments about these complex issues which are often far removed from their experience has been questioned. In addition, the impact of public opinion on foreign policy-making has been debated. In Public Opinion and American Foreign Policy Ole Holsti addresses these crucial issues using extensive data on public attitudes and preferences on international affairs. Holsti concludes that although the American public is not well informed about many aspects of foreign affairs, its opinions are usually stable and reasonable reactions to real world events, are not lacking in structure, and can often have an important impact on foreign policies. Holsti surveys changing perceptions of the effect of public opinion on foreign policy since World War I. According to Holsti, this war transformed the issue of public participation in foreign affairs from a theoretical into a practical one that many postwar leaders had to confront. World War II and its immediate aftermath are equally significant. The Vietnam War stimulated a new wave of theory and research that challenged many aspects of the post-World War II view of public opinion. The author assesses the hypothesis that the bipartisan foreign policy consensus of the post-World War II period has, during the past two decades, given way to sharp partisan cleavages, reinforced by ideological differences. The end of the Cold War has also raised new questions about public opinion and foreign policy. Holsti explores the determinants of public opinion on foreign policy, the impact of gender, generation, education, religion, and race on foreign policy attitudes, and the relationship of the opinions of the general public to the opinions of leaders. This book will be of interest to political scientists, historians, political psychologists, and anyone with an interest in American foreign policy and the domestic factors that may affect its formulation and implementation. Ole Holsti is George V. Allen Professor of International Affairs, Duke University. |
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Страница 85
... FPLP 1976 2,282 FPLP 1980 2,502 FPLP 1984 2,515 + FPLP 1988 2,226 FPLP 1992 2,312 + + Barton 593 + • + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + 0 + 0 0 + + + + + + + + 0 0 + O + ++ + O + O + 0 Russett and Hanson 1973 1,188 Kinnard 1974 ...
... FPLP 1976 2,282 FPLP 1980 2,502 FPLP 1984 2,515 + FPLP 1988 2,226 FPLP 1992 2,312 + + Barton 593 + • + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + 0 + 0 0 + + + + + + + + 0 0 + O + ++ + O + O + 0 Russett and Hanson 1973 1,188 Kinnard 1974 ...
Страница 89
... FPLP foreign goods to protect 1988 FPLP American industries and jobs 1992 FPLP Opening negotiations for a free- trade zone with Mexico 1992 FPLP somewhat ( % ) 24 16 21 84 212 Creating a free - trade zone with Canada 1992 FPLP 55 95 ...
... FPLP foreign goods to protect 1988 FPLP American industries and jobs 1992 FPLP Opening negotiations for a free- trade zone with Mexico 1992 FPLP somewhat ( % ) 24 16 21 84 212 Creating a free - trade zone with Canada 1992 FPLP 55 95 ...
Страница 94
... FPLP encourages other countries to let 1980 FPLP us do their fighting for them 1984 FPLP 1988 FPLP 1992 FPLP Note : CCFR = Chicago Council on Foreign Relations surveys ; FPLP surveys ; T - M Times - Mirror survey . = 66 65 = Foreign ...
... FPLP encourages other countries to let 1980 FPLP us do their fighting for them 1984 FPLP 1988 FPLP 1992 FPLP Note : CCFR = Chicago Council on Foreign Relations surveys ; FPLP surveys ; T - M Times - Mirror survey . = 66 65 = Foreign ...
Садржај
Introduction | 1 |
The PostWorld War II Consensus | 23 |
Challenges to the Postwar Consensus | 39 |
Ауторска права | |
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abroad accommodationists administration agreement American foreign policy American public Americans Talk Security analyses arms control assess CCFR surveys Cold Cold War conflict conservative cooperative internationalism debates decision Democrats détente economic elites emerged evidence example favor force foreign affairs foreign and defense foreign policy attitudes foreign policy beliefs foreign policy goal foreign policy issues FPLP surveys Gallup poll Gallup survey gender gap groups hard-liners ideological impact important interests international affairs internationalists Iraq isolationism isolationists Kuwait leadership liberal major Marshall Plan MI/CI scheme military opinion and foreign opinion leaders partisan differences party peace percent period Persian Gulf Persian Gulf War policymakers political polling post-Cold President presidential protectionism public attitudes public opinion questions Reagan Republicans responses revealed role significant Soviet Union structure studies thesis threats tion tional trade Treaty U.S. Foreign Policy U.S. troops undertakings United Nations USSR Vietnam Vietnam War whereas Wittkopf women world affairs World War II