Public Opinion and American Foreign PolicyUniversity of Michigan Press, 1996 - 257 страница One of the central issues in democratic theory is the proper role of public opinion in the conduct of international affairs. The capacity of the public to make informed judgments about these complex issues which are often far removed from their experience has been questioned. In addition, the impact of public opinion on foreign policy-making has been debated. In Public Opinion and American Foreign Policy Ole Holsti addresses these crucial issues using extensive data on public attitudes and preferences on international affairs. Holsti concludes that although the American public is not well informed about many aspects of foreign affairs, its opinions are usually stable and reasonable reactions to real world events, are not lacking in structure, and can often have an important impact on foreign policies. Holsti surveys changing perceptions of the effect of public opinion on foreign policy since World War I. According to Holsti, this war transformed the issue of public participation in foreign affairs from a theoretical into a practical one that many postwar leaders had to confront. World War II and its immediate aftermath are equally significant. The Vietnam War stimulated a new wave of theory and research that challenged many aspects of the post-World War II view of public opinion. The author assesses the hypothesis that the bipartisan foreign policy consensus of the post-World War II period has, during the past two decades, given way to sharp partisan cleavages, reinforced by ideological differences. The end of the Cold War has also raised new questions about public opinion and foreign policy. Holsti explores the determinants of public opinion on foreign policy, the impact of gender, generation, education, religion, and race on foreign policy attitudes, and the relationship of the opinions of the general public to the opinions of leaders. This book will be of interest to political scientists, historians, political psychologists, and anyone with an interest in American foreign policy and the domestic factors that may affect its formulation and implementation. Ole Holsti is George V. Allen Professor of International Affairs, Duke University. |
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Страница 119
... positions . Com- pared to data for the general public , evidence about elite attitudes is much scantier . Many findings point toward greater ideological con- sistency among leaders , and the usual explanations are located in different ...
... positions . Com- pared to data for the general public , evidence about elite attitudes is much scantier . Many findings point toward greater ideological con- sistency among leaders , and the usual explanations are located in different ...
Страница 124
... positions on both scales correspond to the premises just defined - constitute a strong majority of the entire leadership sample , there are enough populists and libertarians to sup- port the premise that a single ideological scale is ...
... positions on both scales correspond to the premises just defined - constitute a strong majority of the entire leadership sample , there are enough populists and libertarians to sup- port the premise that a single ideological scale is ...
Страница 158
... positions of leadership and influence , bring to their roles an intellectual baggage radically different from that of the leaders they are replacing . Under these circumstances , moreover , the prognosis is that as the next gener- ation ...
... positions of leadership and influence , bring to their roles an intellectual baggage radically different from that of the leaders they are replacing . Under these circumstances , moreover , the prognosis is that as the next gener- ation ...
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Introduction | 1 |
The PostWorld War II Consensus | 23 |
Challenges to the Postwar Consensus | 39 |
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abroad accommodationists administration agreement American foreign policy American public Americans Talk Security analyses arms control assess CCFR surveys Cold Cold War conflict conservative cooperative internationalism debates decision Democrats détente economic elites emerged evidence example favor force foreign affairs foreign and defense foreign policy attitudes foreign policy beliefs foreign policy goal foreign policy issues FPLP surveys Gallup poll Gallup survey gender gap groups hard-liners ideological impact important interests international affairs internationalists Iraq isolationism isolationists Kuwait leadership liberal major Marshall Plan MI/CI scheme military opinion and foreign opinion leaders partisan differences party peace percent period Persian Gulf Persian Gulf War policymakers political polling post-Cold President presidential protectionism public attitudes public opinion questions Reagan Republicans responses revealed role significant Soviet Union structure studies thesis threats tion tional trade Treaty U.S. Foreign Policy U.S. troops undertakings United Nations USSR Vietnam Vietnam War whereas Wittkopf women world affairs World War II