Several useful bibliographies and reference lists, compiled by various hands, appear in the present report, to wit:

1. List of articles on Education in Great Britain that have appeared in the Commissioner's Report, p. 165.

2. Similar list for Education in France, p. 187.

3. Bibliography of German works on the History of Education, pp. 306-308.

4. Bibliography of German works on the History and Methods of Arithmetic, pp. 314-323.

5. List of works on Education in Italy, including articles in the Bureau's Reports, pp. 380-333.

6. Material consulted for chapter on Education in Russia, p. 385. 7. Material consulted for statement on Education in Finland, p. 413. Recent works on Education in Finland, p. 424.

S. Bibliography of Psychology, 1833-94, pp. 465–167.

9. Bibliography of Education of the Colored Race, pp. 1038-1017; Negroes in America, pp. 1018-1056; Works by Negro Authors, pp. 1056-1061.

10. Bibliography of Congresses in Social Pathology, pp. 1697-1699. I include in a note a list of the blank forms of inquiry sent out to obtain the material for the tables of this report.

I have the honor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
W. T. HARRIS, Commissioner.

PART I.

СНАР.

I.-Whole Number of Pupils and Students (p. 3).

II. Consolidated Statistics of State and City Common School Systems

(p. 7).

III.-Statistical Review of Secondary Education (p. 33).

IV. Statistical Review of Higher Education (p. 97).
V.-Education in Great Britain and Ireland (p. 165).

VI.-Education in France (p. 187).

VII.-Education in Central Europe (p. 203).

VIII.-Public Instruction in Italy (p. 325).

IX.-Education in Russia (p. 385).

X.-The Psychological Revival (p. 425).

XI.-Report of the Committee of Fifteen. The Training of Teachers (p. 469).
XII. The same. Correlation of Studies (p. 489).

XIII.—The same. Organization of City Systems (p. 543).

XIV.-Verbatim Reports of Recitations in Arithmetic, etc. (p. 557).

XV.-Educational Values of the Several Branches of Study (p. 617).

XVI.-Public Schools during the Colonial Period (p. 639).

XVII.-Robert Winthrop (p. 739).

XVIII.-List of State and City Superintendents and College Presidents (p. 773).

ED 94-1

1

PART I.

CHAPTER I.

WHOLE NUMBER OF PUPILS AND STUDENTS.

The following table has been prepared to show, as near as can be ascertained, the total number of persons in the schools and colleges of the United States, public and private. The classification has been made according to the grade of the instruction received, irrespective of the character of the institutions which the pupils attend, the object being to ascertain the number of pupils of each grade. Thus all pupils in the "preparatory" departments of colleges have been classed as secondary, while all elementary pupils attending secondary schools have been given their proper classification.

It would appear that there were 15,530,268 persons in the United States who attended a school1 or educational institution of some sort at some period during the school year 1893-94. Two persons out of every nine (22.88 per cent of the population) were at school.

As compared with the preceding year, there was an increase of 446,638, or 2.97 per cent.

It is to be understood that these figures are only approximate. The statistics of private elementary education are very imperfect, and their degree of accuracy varies from year to year. The large increase over the preceding year in the number of secondary and higher students is in part a result of their number having been more fully ascertained the present year. There have also been some changes of classification, by which the number of private normal students in particular appears to have been largely increased. On the whole, this table is not strictly comparable with corresponding tables published in previous reports of this office for ascertaining the increase in the number of pupils; it is believed, however, to be more accurate than any heretofore published, except as regarding private elementary pupils (column 3).

'Excluding, in general, evening schools; music, elocution, art, industrial trainin trades, and private business schools; schools for the defective, dependent, and del quent classes, and Indian schools. These collectively enroll some 300,000 pupils.