Слике страница
PDF
ePub

MEMBERSHIP OF TRADE UNIONS, BY INDUSTRIES, 1894 TO 1906-Concluded.

[blocks in formation]

The number and membership of trade unions in New York City and for the State, exclusive of New York City, for the years ending September 30, 1898 to 1906, are shown in the following table:

NUMBER AND MEMBERSHIP OF TRADE UNIONS IN NEW YORK CITY AND OTHER LOCALITIES IN THE STATE, YEARS ENDING SEPTEMBER 30, 1898 TO 1906,

[blocks in formation]

HEALTH OF PRINTERS.-This section is a study of sanitary conditions in the printing trade, but since it has been incorporated in the article on industrial hygiene it is not necessary to give it extended notice here. Following a discussion of the effect of occupations in general upon the health of the employed are given statistics compiled by the United States Bureau of the Census, which show that the highest mortality among wage-earners results from consumption. The average death rate from this cause in the mechanical and manufacturing trades in 1900 was 2.62. In the printing trades alone the death rate from consumption was 4.35, this rate being exceeded only in the marble and stone cutting trades and in cigar making. It is also shown that of the persons employed in the printing trades who died during the census year from all causes, but 35.1 per cent had attained the age of 45 years, 14.3 per cent of the deaths having occurred under the age of 25.

Visits were made to ten establishments in New York City, including some of the largest, and from the records of the employees' mutual benefit societies data were secured which, taken in connection with the conditions described, bear out the theory that the sickness and mortality among compositors is due in a great degree to the sanitary conditions of their workrooms. Establishment A is described as being very unclean and insanitary. During the five years 1901 to 1905, 8 deaths (or 6.1 per cent of the employees sick) occurred among the membership of its mutual benefit organization, 4 of these being due to tuberculosis. The number of cases of sickness was 14.9 per cent of the average membership. Contrasted with this is establishment B, which was noted as being clean and well ventilated. In this establishment the number of cases of sickness was but 9.7 per cent of the average membership and the number of deaths but 4.3 per cent of the number sick.

PENNSYLVANIA.

Annual Report of the Secretary of Internal Affairs of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. Vol. xxxiv, 1906. Part III, Industrial Statistics. John L. Rockey, Chief of Bureau. pp. 287.

This report, for 1906, embraces data gathered from 3,057 establishments of the State engaged in manufacturing and mining industries, giving a record of the capital invested, value of products, average value of product per employee, days in operation, number of working people (men, women, and minors), aggregate wages paid, average yearly earnings, average daily wages, etc. Data relative to strikes and lockouts are reported for bituminous coal mining and for the coke, iron and steel, tin plate, and a few minor industries. The information gives for the various disputes cause of dispute, number of persons involved, days lost, method of settlement, and result. Data are further presented for the different industries showing the number of establishments making returns and giving statistics pertaining to number of employees owning their homes, average rent paid by those renting, working hours per week, nationality of employees, accidents, causes of time lost, and trade conditions.

The 3,057 establishments considered in this investigation had invested in plants and working capital a total of $932,842,453, and the market value of production for the year aggregated $1,630,168,935. The various industries were in operation during the year an average of 287 days and employed a total of 754,986 wage-earners (647,670 men, 75,208 women, and 32,108 minors), to whom were paid in wages the sum of $371,701,476 to the men, $23,484,131 to the women, and $6,955,675 to the minors. The average yearly earnings of all wageearners was $535.05 (of the men $573.91, of the women $312.25, and

of the minors $216.63). The average daily wage of all employees was $1.86. For each employee the average value of product for the year amounted to $2,159.20.

IRON, STEEL, AND TIN-PLATE PRODUCTION.-The following summary statements show the more important items for the year 1906 relating to the production of pig iron, steel, rolled iron and steel, and tin plate:

[blocks in formation]

Adult male employees (not including those in black-plate works).....

Value of product (not including the black-plate works).

Total employees (not including those in black-plate works).

Aggregate wages paid all employees....

Aggregate wages paid adult male employees..

Average days in operation.......

Average yearly earnings of all employees.....

Average yearly earnings of adult male employees.....

123, 457 3,022, 950

1,300, 112

1, 676, 279 29, 850 2,643, 499 4, 605, 951

13, 402, 098

$473, 883, 481

128, 209

126, 739

$82, 623, 830 $82, 210, 762

302

$644.45 $648.66

a Including 345,180 tons of black plate and other sheets made by the black-plate works.

[blocks in formation]

Pounds of production of black plate (tinned, not tinned, and terne)..... 684, 405, 527

$36.29

$6.33

Value of production of black plate................

Pounds of production of sheets and plates other than black....

Value of production of sheets and plates other than black.

Total employees...

Adult male employees....

Aggregate wages paid all employees....

Aggregate wages paid adult male employees..

Average days in operation.

Average yearly earnings of all employees...

Average yearly earnings of adult male employees..

Average daily wages of all employees....

Average daily wages of adult male employees..

Capital invested (4 plants).............

Pounds of production of tin and terne plate...

Value of product.........

Total employees..

$23,722, 553

88, 798, 954

$2, 228, 555

8, 685

8,373 $6, 180, 265 $6,073, 758

274

$711.60

$725.40

$2.60

$2.65

TIN PLATE (DIPPING WORKS).

$1,404, 080

26, 071, 835 $1,504, 672

220

187

Male employees.

Aggregate wages paid all employees..

Aggregate wages paid male employees...
Average days in operation......

Average yearly earnings of all employees..
Average yearly earnings of male employees.
Average daily wages of all employees..........
Average daily wages of male employees...

$112, 594

$103, 080

285

$511.79

$551.23

$1.80

$1.93

Returns from 51 pig-iron companies showed that 672 wage-earners owned their homes, that the average annual rental for those paying rent was $78, that the average hours the furnaces were in blast were 124 per week, and that of the 10,991 persons for whom nationality was reported 5,269 were Americans. During the year there were 18 fatal and 103 nonfatal accidents in the industry. Returns from 131 iron and steel companies showed that 5,540 wage-earners owned their homes, that the average annual rental for those paying rent was $135, that the average hours of work per week were 69, and that of the 59,048 employees for whom nationality was reported 28,050 were Americans. In the industry during the year there were 58 fatal and 2,609 nonfatal accidents. Returns from 11 companies in the tin-plate industry showed that 42 wage-earners owned their homes, that the average annual rental for those paying rent was $209, that the average hours of work per week were 51, and that of the 2,035 employees for whom nationality was reported 1,315 were Americans.

STATISTICS OF COAL MINING.-The following statement presents a summary of the operations of the anthracite and of the bituminous coal mines in the State during 1906, the coke workers not being included:

ANTHRACITE AND BITUMINOUS COAL-MINE OPERATIONS, 1906.

[blocks in formation]

a Value on board cars of 5,754,408 tons.

$24,432,322

$31,518, 455

$20,912,223

207

$15,341,173 $9,729,609 208

$494.11

$546.98

$6-41. 13

$510.58

$2.39

$2.63

$3.10

53,500,520

$124,307,472

(b)

$2.45

128,248,331

a $4,461,984

с

$159,226, 444

1,404
6.78

1,146

5.03

Not reported. c Value at mines of 122,493,923 tons.

In addition to the above coal-mining operations there were 33 plants, employing 1,796 persons, engaged in washing anthracite coal from culm banks at the mines. The plants washed 3,744,194 tons of coal, which had a market value of $2,929,076. Wages were paid aggregating $723,484, or an average yearly earning per employee of $402.83. Also there were 46 plants engaged in dredging coal from the Susquehanna and Schuylkill rivers, giving an average employment of 110 days to 194 men, to whom wages amounting to $44,642 were paid. There were 86,373 tons of coal raised, having a market value of $85,327.

Of the 1,239 bituminous coal mines there were 354 from which coal was coked. During the year there were 40,576 coke ovens in service, producing 30,865,481 tons of coke, of a value at plant of $48,970,714. There were 12,330 coke workers, to whom were paid wages amounting to $6,936,913, or an average yearly wage of $562.60. Returns from 124 anthracite coal companies showed that 4,700 wage-carners owned their homes, that the average annual rental for those paying rent was $73, that the average hours of work per week were 53, and that of the 91,057 employees for whom nationality was reported 26,905 were Americans. There were reported for the industry 541 fatal and 1,723 nonfatal accidents. Returns from 483 bituminous coal companies (that do not coke coal) showed that 6,942 wage-earners owned their homes, that the average annual rental for those paying rent was $63, and that of the 67,274 employees for whom nationality was reported 20,939 were Americans. Returns from 66 bituminous coal companies (that coke coal) showed

« ПретходнаНастави »