docks, warehouses, buildings, etc., or (in general) domestic workshops. The number of persons employed in factories was (approximately) 4,150,000, in workshops (excluding men's workshops) 700,000, and in laundries, 100,000.

For purposes of inspection the United Kingdom is divided into five inspection districts, each under a superintending inspector, as follows: Southern division, midland division, northeastern division, northwestern division, and the Scotland and Ireland division. The report of each supervising inspector comprises for his district an account of the organization of the working staff and the scope of the work of inspection; complaints from officials, operatives, and others respecting sanitation, safety measures, hours of labor, illegal employment, etc.; industrial developments and state of trade in the district; sanitary conditions and improvements; industrial accidents; safety devices, their efficiency and defects, etc.; industrial poisoning (anthrax, arsenic, mercury, and lead poisoning, etc.); dangerous trades; employment and hours of labor, especially relating to children and women; to holidays, overtime, half time, night work, and meal times; the employment of children as half-timers and of those not exempt from school; action of the local sanitary authorities in connection with the factory department; administration of the law relating to particulars for piecework; operation of the truck acts; prosecutions for violations of the factory laws; inquest notices, etc. In addition, there are reports from the superintending inspector for dangerous trades, the principal lady inspector, the inspector of textile particulars, the electrical inspector, and the medical inspector. Tables presenting in detail and in summary form statistics pertaining to the various features of factory and workshop employment accompany the inspection reports.

The establishments added to the registers of the factory department during 1906 numbered 27,144 (417 textile and 7,405 nontextile factories, 372 laundries with power and 513 without power, and 18,437 workshops, other than men's workshops), while those of the different classes removed from the registers numbered 23,767, resulting in a net gain in the establishments added of 1.3 per cent.

The number of persons (children, young persons, and adults) employed in textile factories during 1904, together with comparative total figures for 1901, are given in the following table:

PERSONS EMPLOYED IN TEXTILE FACTORIES IN 1904 AND IN 1901.

Of the total 1,026,378 persons employed in 1904 in the textile factories of the United Kingdom, 822,451 were employed in England and Wales, 133,035 in Scotland, and 70,892 in Ireland; of the total 1,029,353 employed in 1901 in the textile factories, 821,267 were employed in England and Wales, 137,948 in Scotland, and 70,138 in Ireland.

In the table following, the number of persons (children, young persons, and adults) employed in textile factories in 1904 is shown by kind of textile manufactured:

PERSONS EMPLOYED IN TEXTILE FACTORIES IN 1904, BY KIND OF TEXTILE MANUFACTURED.

The table following shows the number of children and young persons examined during 1906 for certificates of fitness for employment in factories, together with the number of those who were certified by the examining surgeons and the number of those who were rejected. The children and young persons are grouped in three classes-children under 14 years of age intended to be employed half time, young persons between the ages of 13 and 14 years intended to be employed full time, and young persons between 14 and 16 years of age to be employed full time.

MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS OF CHILDREN AND YOUNG PERSONS, 1906.

During the year there were also 181,497 medical examinations under regulations and special rules-131,293 of males and 50,204 of females. Under the Factory and Workshop Act power is likewise conferred on certifying surgeons to attach conditions of employment to certificates of fitness. This power was exercised with advantage in some 800 instances.

During 1906 there were 111,904 industrial accidents reported, 76,208 being reported to inspectors only, and 35,696 to certifying surgeons. Those reported to inspectors only were nonfatal in result and of a minor character. In the table following the accidents reported to certifying surgeons are shown by degree of injury (fatal and nonfatal) and by sex and age:

ACCIDENTS REPORTED TO CERTIFYING SURGEONS, 1906.

In the textile industries there were 5,172 accidents (68 fatal and 5,104 nonfatal), in the nontextile industries 27,730 accidents (731) fatal and 26,999 nonfatal), and in other lines of industry (docks, warehouses, building construction, etc.) 2,794 accidents (317 fatal and 2,477 nonfatal). In the textile industries the greatest number of accidents was in cotton spinning and weaving, with 37 fatal and 2,958 nonfatal accidents, followed by wool, worsted, and shoddy, with 15 fatal and 1,202 nonfatal accidents; in the nontextile industries the greatest number of accidents was in shipbuilding, machines and machinery, and the metal trades, with 424 fatal and 16,920 nonfatal accidents.

The cases of industrial poisoning reported in 1906 numbered 708, of which 55 resulted fatally. Of the total, 678 were cases affecting adults (of which 52 were fatal) and 30 were cases affecting young persons and children (of which 3 were fatal). There were 632 cases of lead poisoning (of which 33 were fatal), 4 cases of mercury poisoning, 5 cases of arsenic poisoning, and 67 cases of anthrax (of which 22 were fatal).

The report of the superintending inspector for dangerous trades shows that during 1906 there were in the United Kingdom, where particular dangers arise and special precautions are necessary, 15,466 industrial establishments operating under special rules and regulations. Generally, the employment of children as half-timers is becoming less frequent, though in certain towns the numbers have increased, chiefly owing to the raising of the age at which full-time employment is allowed by the local authorities.

Safeguards for the Prevention of Accidents in the Manufacture of Cotton. Report to the Secretary of State for the Home Department. 1906. 22 pp. and 28 plates.

The present report on the prevention of accidents in the spinning and weaving of cotton is based upon the requirements of the Factory Act of 1901, and upon the results disclosed by the statistics of accidents which have been compiled annually since the publication of a similar report in 1899. The report is made by the superintending inspector of factories for the northwestern division, which embraces over 80 per cent of the cotton industry throughout the United Kingdom.

There are set forth in the report the regulations of the Factory Act of 1901 pertaining to the fencing of dangerous machinery, to steam boilers, to self-acting machines, to cleaning machinery in motion, to fire escapes and doors, to dangerous ways, etc.; also general recommendations are added as to the safeguarding of machinery and to hoists and doors. Descriptions of the machines used in the various processes of spinning and weaving cotton are given, together with descriptions of the requisite guards that should be provided for their safe operation. Accompanying the text are 28 plates showing guards for machinery which, in almost every instance, are now in actual use in cotton manufacture.

In the northwestern division during the years 1900 to 1905 there were 13,633 cotton-machinery accidents-2,389 in 1900, 2,442 in 1901, 2,394 in 1902, 2,098 in 1903, 1,960 in 1904, and 2,350 in 1905. The machines in connection with the operation of which the greatest number of accidents occurred were carding engines (with 1,334 accidents), speed frames (with 1,588 accidents), self-acting mules (with 4,183 accidents), and looms (with 2,818 accidents).

NEW SOUTH WALES.

·Tenth Annual Report of the Department of Labor and Industry, for the year ended December 31, 1906. iv, 50 pp.

This annual return, made to the minister of public instruction and labor and industry, consists of a report on the working of the Factories and Shops Act, Early Closing Acts, Shearers' Accommodation Act, etc., during the year 1906.

For purposes of inspection of factories and shops the State is divided into four districts-the Metropolitan, Newcastle, Broken Hill, and Hartley. At the close of 1906 there were on the registers of the department 3,419 factories in the four districts, employing a total of 61,321 working people (42,179 males and 19,142 females). The factories are grouped under 19 industrial classes, showing for each class number of working people employed, kind of power (steam, gas, or electricity) used, etc.

The table following shows by sex and age periods the number of working people employed in the registered factories of each district during 1906, together with the number of factories located in each district:

NUMBER OF WORKING PEOPLE EMPLOYED IN REGISTERED FACTORIES DURING 1906, BY SEX AND AGE PERIODS.

In the table below is shown the number of registered factories in the four districts and the number of working people (males and females) employed in the factories for the period 1901 to 1906:

NUMBER OF REGISTERED FACTORIES AND WORKING PEOPLE EMPLOYED FOR THE PERIOD 1901 TO 1906.

During 1906 there were issued to children (persons under the age of 14 years) 2,775 certificates of fitness and permits to work in factories (2,033 to males and 742 to females); special permits, granting exemption from attending day school in order to work in factories, were issued to 315 children (232 to males and 83 to females). The number of accidents in factories reported for the year was 276, of which but 1 was fatal. While the necessity for the strictest supervision over the fencing and guarding of machinery still exists, the majority of factory proprietors are reasonable in complying with orders in this respect.

From the reports of the inspectors under the Early Closing Acts it is believed that a large majority of shopkeepers now willingly comply with the provisions of the acts; but some trouble is still experienced with the second-hand dealers and shopkeepers who carry the stock in trade of both a schedule and a nonschedule shop.

The requirements of the Shearers' Accommodation Act have, at most stations, been complied with by station owners and managers reasonable manner, and, although some complaints have been

there is no doubt that the accommodation throughout