ART. 13th

It is likewise agreed that the most perfect and entire security of conscience shall be enjoyed by the citizens or subjects of both the contracting parties in the countries subject to the jurisdiction of the one and the other, without their being liable to be disturbed or molested on account of their religious belief so long as they respect the laws and established usages of the country. Moreover the bodies of the citizens and subjects of one of the contracting parties who may die in the territories of the other, shall be buried in the usual buryinggrounds, or in other decent or suitable places, and shall be protected from violation or disturbance.

ART. 14th.

It shall be lawful for the citizens and subjects of the United States of America and of the Empire of Brazil, to sail with their ships, with all manner of liberty and security, no distinction being made who are the proprietors of the merchandise laden thereon, from any port to the places of those who now are, or who hereafter shall be at enmity with either of the contracting parties. It shall likewise be lawful for the citizens and subjects aforesaid, to sail with the ships and merchandises before mentioned and to trade with the same liberty and security from the places, ports, and havens, of those who are enemies of either party, without any opposition, or disturbance whatsoever, not only directly from the places of the enemy before mentioned to neutral places, but also from one place belonging to an enemy to another place belonging to an enemy whether they be under the jurisdiction of one power, or under several. And it is hereby stipulated, that free ships shall also give freedom to goods, and that everything shall be deemed to be free and exempt, which shall be found on board the ships belonging to the citizens or subjects of either of the contracting parties, although the whole lading, or any part thereof should appertain to the enemies of either, contraband goods being always excepted. It is also agreed in like manner that the same liberty be extended to persons who are on board a free ship, with this effect, that although they be enemies to both or either party, they are not to be taken out of that free ship unless they are officers or soldiers and in the actual service of the enemies: Provided however, and it is hereby agreed, that the stipulations in this article contained, declaring that the flag shall cover the property, shall be understood as applying to those powers only who recognize this principle; but if either of the two contracting parties shall be at war with a third, and the other neutral, the flag of the neutral shall cover the property of enemies whose governments acknowledge this principle and not of others.

ART. 15th.

It is likewise agreed that, in the case where the neutral flag of one of the contracting parties, shall protect the property of the enemies of the other, by virtue of the above stipulation, it shall always be understood, that the neutral property found on board such enemy's vessels, shall be held and considered as enemy's property, and as such shall be liable to detention and confiscation, except such property as was put on board, such vessel before the declaration of

war, or even afterwards, if it were done without the knowledge of it; but the contracting parties agree that four months having elapsed after the declaration, their citizens shall not plead ignorance thereof. On the contrary, if the flag of the neutral, does not protect the enemy's property, in that case the goods and merchandise of the neutral embarked in such enemy's ship shall be free.

ART. 16th

This liberty of commerce and navigation shall extend to all kinds of merchandises, excepting those only which are distinguished by the name of contraband, and under this name of contraband or prohibited goods, shall be comprehended

1st. Cannons, mortars, howitzers, swivels, blunderbusses, muskets, fuzees, rifles, carbines, pistols, pikes, swords, sabres, lances, spears, halberds and grenades, bombs, powder, matches, balls and all other things belonging to the use of these arms:

2. Bucklers, helmets, breast plates, coats of mail, infantry belts, and clothes made up in the form and for a military use:

3. Cavalry belts, and horses with their furniture;

4th. And generally all kinds of arms and instruments of iron, steel, brass and copper, or of any other materials manufactured, prepared and formed expressly to make war by sea or land.

ART. 17th

All other merchandise and things not comprehended in the articles of contraband, expressly enumerated and classified as above, shall be held and considered as free, and subjects of free and lawful commerce, so that they may be carried and transported in the freest manner by both the contracting parties, even to places belonging to an enemy, excepting only those places which are at that time besieged or blockaded: and, to avoid all doubt in this particular, it is declared that those places are only besieged or blockaded 'which are actually attacked by a force capable of preventing the entry of the neutral.

ART. 18th.

The articles of contraband, before enumerated and classified, which may be found in a vessel bound for an enemy's port, shall be subject to detention and confiscation, leaving free the rest of the cargo and the Ship, that the owners may dispose of them as they see proper. No vessel of either of the two nations shall be detained on the high seas, on account of having on board articles of contraband, whenever the master, captain, or supercargo of said vessels will deliver up the articles of contraband to the captor, unless the quantity of such artiticles be so great and of so large a bulk that they cannot be received on board the capturing ship without great inconvenience: but in this and all the other cases of just detention the vessel detained shall be sent to the nearest convenient and safe port, for trial and judgment, according to law.

ART. 19th

And whereas it frequently happens that vessels sail for a port or a place belonging to an enemy, without knowing that the same is

besieged, blockaded, or invested, it is agreed that every vessel so circumstanced, may be turned away from such port or place, but shall not be detained, nor shall any part of her cargo, if not contraband, be confiscated, unless, after warning of such blockade or investment from any officer commanding a vessel of the blockading forces, she shall again attempt to enter; but she shall be permitted to go to any other port or place, she shall think proper. Nor shall any vessel of either that may have entered into such port before the same was actually besieged, blockaded or invested by the other, be restrained from quitting such place with her cargo, nor if found therein, after the reduction and surrender shall such vessel or her cargo, be liable to confiscation, but they shall be restored to the owners thereof. if any vessel having thus entered the port before the blockade took place, shall take on board a cargo after the blockade be established, she shall be subject to being warned by the blockading forces to return to the port blockaded and discharge the said cargo, and if after receiv ing the said warning the vessel shall persist in going out with the cargo, she shall be liable to the same consequences as a vessel attempting to enter a blockaded port after being warned off by the blockading forces.

ART. 20th

And

In order to prevent all kinds of disorder in the visiting and examination of the ships and cargoes of both the contracting parties on the high seas, they have agreed mutually, that whenever a vessel of war, public or private, shall meet with a neutral of the other contracting party, the first shall remain at the greatest distance compatible with making the visit under the circumstances of the sea and wind and the degree of suspicion attending the vessel to be visited and shall send its smallest boat, in order to execute the said examination of the papers concerning the ownership and cargo of the vessel, without causing the least extortion, violence, or ill treatment, for which the commanders of the said armed ships shall be responsible with their persons and property; for which purpose the commanders of the said private armed vessels shall, before receiving their commissions, give sufficient security to answer for all the damages they may commit; and it is expressly agreed that the neutral party shall in no case be required to go on board the examining vessel, for the purpose of exhibiting her papers, or for any other purpose whatever.

ART. 21st.

To avoid all kind of vexation and abuse in the examination of the papers relating to the ownership of the vessels belonging to the citizens and subjects of the two contracting parties, they have agreed and do agree, that in case one of them shall be engaged in war, the ships and vessels belonging to the citizens or subjects of the other must be furnished with sea letters or passports, expressing the name, property and bulk of the ship as also the name and place of habitation of the Master or Commander of said vessel, in order that it may thereby appear that the ship really and truly belongs to the citizens or subjects of one of the parties; they have likewise agreed that such ships being laden, besides the said sea letters or passports, shall also be provided with certificates, containing the several particulars of the cargo, and the place whence the ship sailed, so that it may be known

whether any forbidden or contraband goods be on board the same; which certificates shall be made out by the officers of the place whence the ship sailed, in the accustomed form; without such requisites said vessel may be detained, to be adjudged by the competent tribunal, and may be declared legal prize, unless the said defect shall be proved to be owing to accident, and be satisfied or supplied by testimony entirely equivalent.

ART. 22d.

It is further agreed that the stipulations above expressed, relative to the visiting and examining of vessels, shall apply only to those which sail without convoy: and when said vessel shall be under convoy, the verbal declaration of the commander of the convoy, on his word of honor, that the vessels under his protection belong to the nation whose flag he carries; and when they are bound to an enemy's port that they have no contraband goods on board, shall be sufficient.

ART. 23.

It is further agreed, that in all cases the established courts for prize causes, in the countries to which the prizes may be conducted, shall alone take cognizance of them. And whenever such tribunal of either party shall pronounce judgment against any vessel or goods, or property claimed by the citizens or subjects of the other party, the sentence or decree shall mention the reasons or motives, on which the same shall have been founded, and an authenticated copy of the sentence or decree, and of all the proceedings in the case, shall if demanded, be delivered to the commander or agent of said vessel, without any delay he paying the legal fees for the same.

ART. 24th

Whenever one of the contracting parties shall be engaged in war with another State, no citizen or subject of the other contracting party, shall accept a commission or letter of marque for the purpose of assisting or co-operating hostilely, with the said enemy, against the said party so at war, under the pain of being treated as a pirate.

ART. 25th.

If by any fatality, which cannot be expected, and which God forbid! the two contracting parties should be engaged in a war with each other, they have agreed, and do agree, now for then, that there shall be allowed the term of six months to the merchants residing on the coasts and in the ports of each other and the term of one year to those who dwell in the interior, to arrange their business, and transport their effects wherever they please, giving to them the safe conduct necessary for it, which they may serve as a sufficient protection until they arrive at the designated port. The citizens and subjects of all other occupations, who may be established in the territories or dominions of the United States, and of the Empire of Brazil, shall be. respected and maintained in the full enjoyment of their personal liberty and property unless their particular conduct shall cause them to forfeit this protection, which in consideration of humanity, the contracting parties engage to give them.

S. Doc. 318, 58-2-8

ART. 26th.

Neither the debts due from the individuals of the one nation, to the Individuals of the other, nor shares nor money which they may have in public funds, nor in public or private banks, shall ever in any event of war or national difference be sequestrated or confiscated.

ART. 27th.

Both the contracting parties being desirous of avoiding all inequality in relation to their public communications and official intercourse, have agreed and do agree, to grant to their envoys, Ministers and other public Agents, the same favors, immunities and exemptions which those of the most favored nation do or shall enjoy: it being understood that whatever favors, immunities, or privileges, the United States of America, or the Empire of Brazil may find it proper to give the Ministers and Public Agents of any other power, shall, by the same act, be extended to those of each of the contracting parties.

ART. 28th

To make more effectual the protection which the United States and the Empire of Brazil shall afford in future to the navigation and commerce of the citizens and subjects of each other, they agree to receive and admit Consuls and Vice Consuls in all the ports open to foreign commerce, who shall enjoy in them all the rights, prerogatives, and immunities, of the Consuls and Vice Consuls of the most favored nation: each contracting party however, remaining at liberty to except those ports and places in which the admission and residence of such Consuls may not seem convenient.

ART. 29th

In order that the Consuls and Vice-Consuls of the two contracting parties, may enjoy the rights, prerogatives, and immunities, which belong to them, by their public character, they shall before entering on the exercise of their functions, exhibit their commissions or patent in due form, to the government to which they are accredited: and having obtained their exequatur, they shall be held and considered as such, by all the authorities magistrates, and inhabitants in the Consular district in which they reside.

ART. 30th

It is likewise agreed, that the Consuls, their secretaries, officers and persons attached to the service of Consuls, they not being citizens or subjects of the country, in which the Consul resides, shall be exempt from all public service, and also from all kinds of taxes, imposts and contributions, except those which they shall be obliged to pay on account of commerce, or their property, to which the citizens or subjects and inhabitants, native and foreign, of the country in which they reside are subject: being in everything besides subject to the laws of their respective States. The archives and papers of the Consulate shall be respected inviolably, and under no pretext, whatever shall any magistrate seize or in any way interfere with them.