Copyright: Reproduction or republication of texts An annual index for Problems of Communism EDITOR: Paul A. Smith, Jr. MANAGING EDITOR: Marie T. House SENIOR TEXT EDITOR: David E. Albright ASSOCIATE EDITORS: Wayne Hall, Paul A. Shapiro DESIGNER: Gary Soderstrom 1 EDITORS' NOTE-Over the last two decades, considerable diversity has emerged in European communism. In Western Europe particularly, a number of parties have attempted to adjust their policies to the local circumstances of their polities and societies, and this effort has produced substantial variety in the overall European picture. The following articles address themselves to some aspects of this process. Mr. Devlin describes the events that culminated in the “institutionalization of diversity" at the Conference of European Communist and Workers' Parties held in East Berlin in June 1976. Mr. Mujal-Leon looks at the responses of the Portuguese Communist Party to the changing situation in Portugal since the military coup of April 30, 1974. Mr. Kitsikis examines the strategy and tactics of the newly legalized Greek Communist forces against the background of their behavior during prior years and in the context of the reestablishment of parliamentary democracy in Greece. The Challenge of Eurocommunism By Kevin Devlin By 1967, the monolithic unity of European communism was already a thing of the past, due largely to the disruptive impact of the Sino-Soviet conflict and the wave of "revisionist" adaptation to environmental realities that affected many West European parties, to varying degrees, in the early 1960's. The clearest proof of this was the list of absentees: the Karlovy Vary conference was boycotted by the Albanian, Yugoslav, and Romanian parties from the East, and by the Dutch, Icelandic, and Norwegian parties from the West, while the Swedes sent only an observer. Nevertheless, those that did attend maintained the tradition of unanimous solidarity under the exemplary leadership of the CPSU. So the project went through expeditiously, if not altogether smooth * The complete names and initial designations of the European Communist parties mentioned in this article are listed below in alphabetical order: Albanian Party of Labor (Partia e Punes e Shqiperise APL or PPSh); Bulgarian Communist Party (Bulgarska Komunisticheska Partiya-BKP); Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (Komunisticka Strana Ceskoslovenska-KSC); Communist Party of Denmark (Danmarks Kommunistiske Parti-KPD); Communist Party (continued on p. 2) |