of the army of the Potomac, which still lay opposite Fredericksburg. In April Hooker assumed the offensive, and, crossing the Rappahannock, gave battle to the enemy at Chancellorsville (see map, p. 177), on the 2d and 3d of May. The conflict was disastrous to the National army, which was obliged to recross the Rappahannock with a loss of 11,000 men. In this battle the Confederate General, Stonewall Jackson", received a mortal wound. LOUISIANA YAZOOR 66 Harnes Bluff RIG BLACKR hampion's JACKSON Raymond Grand Gulf Port Gibson PEARL 6. After repulsing Hooker, Lee a second time invaded Maryland. Crossing that state, he advanced into southern Pennsylvania, and seized Chambersburg and York. The Pennsylvanians rose to defend their native soil; and General Meade, who had now taken Hooker's place, followed close on the invaders. Lee found it necessary to give battle at Gettysburg; you will find this place on the map, on page 183. The struggle lasted three days (July 1st-3d), and resulted in a complete victory to the Union arms. Lee fell back beyond the Rappahannock, and the Federal army again took position on that river. Natchez MISSISS Bayou STATE Port Hudson LEANS & CKSON. IPPI LINE LOUISIANA BATON Scene of Grant's Mississippi Campaign. 7. An unsuccess an account of Hooker's forward movement. How is Chancellorsville situated? What was the result of the battle?-6. After repulsing Hooker, what was Lee's next movement? Give an account of Lee's second invasion. What battle terminated it? What was the result of the battle of Gettysburg ?-7. What 1863] CAPTURE OF VICKSBURG. 187 ful attack had been made, at the close of 1862, on the strongly fortified city of Vicksburg, held by the Confederates. Shortly afterwards the attack was renewed by General Grant, with a strong land and naval force. In May, 1863, Grant gained a succession of victories in Mississippi, and drove the Confederates into their intrenchments at Vicksburg, which he now resolved to reduce by siege. 8. The Confederate commander at Vicksburg held out as long as possible, in hope of aid. But no aid came; provisions grew scarce; and on the 4th of July he was obliged to surrender with his whole garrison of over 30,000 men. 9. Four days later, Port Hudson, a strong Confederate post in Louisiana (see map) surrendered to General Banks. The Mississippi was thus at length opened; and these victories, following closely on Lee's defeat in Pennsylvania, filled the North with joy. LESSON LXII. MOVEMENTS OF 1863 (CONTINUED). 1. In the summer of 1863, to obtain the necessary men for the army, President Lincoln, by the authority of Congress, ordered a draft, that is, that a certain number should be drawn by lot from the whole body of citizens, who should be compelled either to go to the war themselves or to furnish substitutes. This gave rise to riots in different quarters. 2. When the draft commenced in New York city, July 13th, a great mob collected, attacked the buildings in which the lots were being drawn, burned down many houses, and committed fiendish outrages. For three days they had control of the city, the militia having gone to Pennsylvania, at the President's call, movements were made by General Grant in Mississippi? How is Vicksburg situated? (See map.)-8. Give an account of the siege of Vicksburg, and its result.-9. What place surrendered four days later? What was the effect of these victories? 1. What measure was resorted to in the summer of 1863? What was the consequence ?-2. Give an account of the riot in New York city.-3. Relate to aid in repelling Lee. At the end of that time, a sufficient force was assembled to put down the marauders and restore order. 3. In June of this same year, the partisan leader Morgan, with 2500 Confederates, made a raid through southern Ohio. They proposed, after plundering and destroying all that lay in their path, to recross the Ohio River and join Lee in Maryland. Their plans were frustrated by the brave men of Ohio and a Union force which had followed the invaders from Kentucky. Morgan was defeated and captured, July 26th. 4. Active operations were carried on by both parties on the Atlantic coast. The Confederates tried to recapture Newbern, but were repulsed. A fleet of National iron-clads and a strong land force under General Gillmore were sent to Charleston harbor. Several batteries of the enemy were taken, and Fort Sumter was furiously bombarded till its walls crumbled. A destructive fire was also opened by the Union batteries on the city of Charleston, which was abandoned by most of its inhabitants. 5. In June, Rosecrans, whose army had remained at Murfreesboro, again took the field against Bragg, and obliged him to fall back, first to Chattanooga in the south-eastern part of Tennessee, and then to northwestern Georgia. Here Bragg, having been largely reënforced, suddenly fell on the Federal army, near Chickamauga Creek, which you will find on the accompanying map. The Federals, with the exception of Thomas's division, were driven back in confusion, and it was Vicinity of Chattanooga. the history of Morgan's raid.-4. What place on the Atlantic coast did the Confederates attempt to recapture? With what success? What movements were made by the National forces against Charleston? How did they succeed?-5. Give an account of Rosecrans's movements in June. What took place at 1863] MOVEMENTS ABOUT CHATTANOOGA. 189 not without heavy loss that Rosecrans concentrated his forces at Chattanooga. 6. Bragg at once cut Rosecrans's lines of communication, and for a time the Federal army was in serious danger. General Hooker, however, with reënforcements from the army of the Potomac, succeeded in opening the Tennessee River, so that supplies could be brought in. Soon afterwards, General Grant, who had superseded Rosecrans, arrived at Chattanooga. Finding that a large division had left Bragg's army, he took the field, gained two brilliant victories, and drove the enemy to Ringgold, Georgia. The first of these victories was won by Hooker's men on Lookout Mountain (see map), at such a height that they were hidden by the clouds from the spectators below. 7. The division that left Bragg, under General Longstreet, hastened towards Knoxville, about 100 miles north-east of Chattanooga. Burnside was here with an army which he had employed in driving the enemy from north-eastern Tennessee. The Confederates made a fierce attack on the Union forces, but were repulsed, and then laid siege to the city. It was for a time hard pressed, but was at last relieved by General Sherman, who had moved with a large force from Chattanooga after Bragg's defeat. 8. Missouri and Arkansas were throughout most of this year the scenes of war and violence. Contending armies overran both states, and guerrillas and marauders followed in their track, committing outrages of every kind. Here also the Federal arms were successful, and by the close of the year the greater part of both states was restored to the Union. Chickamauga Creek? Into what does this stream empty? What was the result of the battle?-6. What did Bragg next do? How was the Federal army relieved? Who now superseded Rosecrans ? What was done by General Grant? Near what stream is Ringgold? (See map.) What is stated respecting the victory gained by Hooker's men ?-7. After leaving Bragg, where did Longstreet's division go? For what purpose? What was the result of their attack? How was Knoxville relieved from siege ?-8. What was the condition of things in Missouri and Arkansas? 1. Early in 1864, General Banks, with a large army supported by a powerful fleet under Admiral Porter, set out from New Orleans, to open the Red River and drive the Confederates from western Louisiana. As long as the army was protected by the dreaded gun-boats, it met with no difficulty, and succeeded in taking several important posts. But soon after the Federals left the river, their advance, which was some miles distant from the main body, was furiously attacked (April 8th) by the enemy in front and on both flanks, and routed with great loss. 2. The next day, the attack was renewed on the main body, but General Smith's division saved the exhausted army, and enabled it to reach the river. The expedition was abandoned. The fleet turned back, and was greatly annoyed on its return by hostile batteries. After it ascended the river, the water had fallen; and it was only with great difficulty and by the construction of a dam that the gun-boats were got over the rapids. 3. Several other advantages were gained by the Confederates early in the year, particularly in Tennessee. Among these was the capture of Fort Pillow, on the Mississippi River, 70 miles above Memphis. Plymouth, North Carolina, was also taken by a Confederate force, assisted by the iron-clad ram Albemarle. The Albemarle was afterwards sunk by Lieutenant Cushing, who exploded a torpedo under her. 4. On the 3d of March, 1864, General Grant was raised to the highest rank in the army of the United States,-that of Lieutenant-General. Turning over the large force which lay in and about Chattanooga to General Sherman, with directions to 1. Early in 1864, what was done by General Banks? With what success did he meet at first? What took place, April 8th ?-2. Narrate the events of the following day. What difficulties did the fleet encounter ?-3. What other advantages were gained by the Confederates? What became of the ram Albemarle ?-4. To what rank was General Grant raised, March 3d? What did he |