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if I am not greatly deceived, you are yourself very much disposed by nature to two passions, the most tormenting to the possessor, and the most offensive to others, of any which afflict the human race,-I mean pride and anger. Indeed, those two dispositions seem to be naturally connected with each other; for you have probably remarked, that most proud men are addicted to anger, and that most passionate men are also proud. Be this as it may, I can confidently assure you, that if an attempt is not made to subdue those uneasy propensities now, when your temper is flexible, and your mind easy of impression, they will most infallibly prove the bane and torment of your whole life. They will not only destroy all possibility of your enjoying any happiness yourself, but they will produce the same effect on those about you; and by that means you will deprive yourself both of the respect of others, and the approbation of your own heart,—the only two sources from which can be derived any substantial comfort, or real enjoyment.

It is, moreover, a certain principle in morals, that all the bad passions, but especially those of which we are speaking, defeat, in all cases, their own purposes, a position which appears quite evident, on the slightest examination. For what is the object which the proud man has constantly in view? Is it not to gain distinction, and respect, and consideration among mankind? Now, it is unfortunately the nature of pride to aim at this distinction, not by striving to acquire such virtues and talents as would really entitle him to it, but by labouring to exalt himself above his equals by little and degrading methods; by endeavouring, for example, to outvie them in dress, or show, or expense, or by affecting to look down, with haughty superciliousness, on such as are inferior to himself only by some accidental advantages for which he is no way indebted to his own merit. The consequence of this is, that all mankind declare war against him; his inferiors, whom he affects to despise, will hate him, and consequently will exert themselves to injure and depress him; and his superiors, whom he attempts to imitate, will ridicule his absurd and unavailing efforts to invade what they consider as their own peculiar province.

If it may with truth be said, that a proud man defeats his own purposes, the same may, with equal certainty, be affirmed of a man who gives way to violence of temper. His angry invectives, his illiberal abuse, and his insulting language, produce very little effect on those who hear him, and who, perhaps, only smile at his infirmities; but who can describe the intolerable pangs of vexation, rage, and remorse, by which the heart of a passionate man is successively ravaged? Alas! it is himself alone for whom the storm is pent up, who is torn by its violence, and not those against whom its fury is meant to be directed.

You will, I dare say, readily agree to the truth of all this; but you will, perhaps, be at a loss to conceive what can be my reasons for applying it to you. My principal reasons for thinking you subject to these unhappy failings are very cogent; and they are of such a nature, that it is peculiarly painful for me to state them. In a word, then, I have seen those hateful propensities govern you with such irresistible power, that they have overcome the strongest and most natural principle that can be supposed to reign in the heart of a young person, I mean the duty and affection you owe your parents. Surely it could be no common failing, no light or trivial fault of temper, that could be sufficient to counteract the warmest feelings and strongest duties of a young mind! Duties and feelings so natural and so indispensable, that we justly conclude a young person who appears to be devoid of them can scarcely possess any other valuable quality. From such grounds, then, can you think me harsh or uncharitable, if I have formed such conclusions?

I have been urged to what I have said by an earnest wish for the improvement of your character, and particularly for the amelioration of your heart. In a future letter, I shall pursue the subject, by endeavouring to give you some rules respecting the government and improvement of the understanding. I hope and believe that your conduct will be such as to render any future admonitions on the subjects of this letter entirely unnecessary. I am, my dear pupil, yours affectionately, &c.

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[The following, dealing as they do with the publication of Goldsmith's works, and with his numerous monetary difficulties, have both biographical and literary interest. Moreover, being mostly, if not wholly, written by Goldsmith, they may, we think, be fittingly placed with his Letters.-ED.]

TO MR. R. GRIFFITHS.

[About 1758-9.]

Received from Mr. Ralph Griffiths the sum of ten pounds ten shillings, for the translation of a book entitled Memoirs of my Lady B., as witness my hand.

OLIVER GOLDSMITH.

[From the Heber collection. The date would be about 1758-9. "The Memoirs of my Lady B" are now unknown-if they were published under that name.-ED.]

TO MR. NEWBERY.

Received from Mr. Newbery, three guineas for a pamphlet respecting the Cock Lane Ghost.

March 5, 1762.

OLIVER GOLDSMITH.

[The original is in Mr. John Murray's collection of Newbery MSS. We give the sometimes doubted Cock-Lane Ghost' pamphlet in our vol. ii.-ED.]

TO MR. NEWBERY.

Received from Mr. Newbery eleven guineas and a half for an abridgment of Plutarch's Lives.

March 5, 1762.

OLIVER GOLDSMITH.

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TO MR. NEWBERY.

Received of Mr. Newbery, five guineas, which, with what I have received at different times before, is in full for the copy of the Chinese Letters, as witness my hand. OLIVER GOLDSMITH.

March 5, 1762.

[Most of these Newbery receipts are from the Goldsmith collection made by Mr. William Newbery, John Newbery's grandson, and were first printed in Prior's Life of Goldsmith.' When Prior wrote, Mr. John Murray, sen., the publisher, lent him the MSS.—ED.]

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TO MR. NEWBERY.

Received of Mr. Newbery at different times, and for which gave receipts, fourteen guineas, which is in full for the copy of the Life of Mr. Nash.

March 5, 1762.

OLIVER GOLDSMITH.

[See the Life of Richard Nash, Esq.,' in our vol. iv.]

TO MR. NEWBERY.

Received two guineas of Mr. Newbery, for the conclusion of the English History.

July 7th, 1762.

OLIVER GOLDSMITH.

MEMORANDUM.

Ir is agreed between Oliver Goldsmith, M.B. on one hand, and James Dodsley on the other, that Oliver Goldsmith shall write for James Dodsley a book called a Chronological History of the Lives of Eminent Persons of Great Britain and Ireland, or to that effect, consisting of about two volumes 8vo., about the same size and letter with the Universal History published in 8vo. ; for the writing of which and compiling the same, James Dodsley

shall pay Oliver Goldsmith three guineas for every printed sheet, so that the whole shall be delivered complete in the space of two years at farthest; James Dodsley, however, shall print the above work in whatever manner or size he shall think fit, only the Universal History above mentioned shall be the standard by which Oliver Goldsmith shall expect to be paid.

Oliver Goldsmith shall be paid one moiety upon delivery of the whole copy complete, and the other moiety, one half of it at the conclusion of six months, and the other half at the expiration of twelve months next after the publication of the work, James Dodsley giving, however, upon the delivery of the whole copy, two notes for the money left unpaid. Each volume of the above intended work shall not contain more than five-and-thirty sheets, and if they should contain more, the surplus shall not be paid for by James Dodsley. Oliver Goldsmith shall print his name to the said work.

OLIVER GOLDSMITH.
JAMES DODSLEY.1

March 31st, 1763.

TO MR. NEWBERY.

Oct. 11th, 1763.-Received of Mr. John Newbery eleven guineas in full, for writing the introductions and preface to Dr. Brookes's Natural History.

OLIVER GOLDSMITH.

[Mr. Newbery's papers show that Goldsmith received other amounts on account of this work. We publish the whole of these Introductions in our fourth volume. Bishop Percy was exceedingly wroth with his editors and publishers for leaving these out of his 1801 edition of Goldsmith's works.-ED.]

1 From the original, in Goldsmith's hand, formerly in the possession of Samuel Rogers, the poet. Mr. Rogers lent the MS. to Prior, and afterwards presented it to the British Museum. The agreement seems to have broken down, for the book it appears was never published.—ED.

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