APPELLATIONS.

A SPONTANEOUS OPTIMIST.

THE BEST BELOVED AMONG AMERICAN AUTHORS.

THE FATHER OF AMERICAN LETTERS.

THE EARLIEST CLASSIC WRITER OF AMERICA.

THE MORNING STAR OF AMERICAN LITERATURE.

SOCIETY'S DARLING.

THE DUTCH HERODOTUS.

THE AMERICAN GOLDSMITH.

THE ADDISON OF AMERICAN LITERATURE.

THE FIRST AMBASSADOR SENT BY THE NEW WORLD OF LETTERS

THE SECOND AMERICAN TO MAKE LITERATURE A PROFESSION. (Charles Brockden Brown was the first.)

A MEDIATOR BETWEEN ENGLAND AND AMERICA.

OUR FIRST PICTURESQUE TOURIST.

THE GENIAL CONSERVATIVE IN LITERATURE AND LIFE.

THE FIRST OF THE AMERICAN HUMORISTS.

THE GEORGE WASHINGTON OF AMERICAN LITErature.

PSEUDONYMS.

JONATHAN OLDSTYLE,
LAUNCELOT LANGSTAFF,
DIEDRICH KNICKERBOCKER,
FRAY ANTONIA AGAPIDA,
GEOFFREY CRAYON,

The New York Morning Chronicle.
Salmagundi.

Historian of New York.
Chronicler of Granada.
The Sketch-Book.

Tributes to Irving.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.

Scott said to one of his friends, "When you see Tom Campbell, tell him that I have to thank him for making me known to Mr. Washington Irving, who is one of the best and pleasantest acquaintances I have made this many a day."

"His writings are my delight."- BYRON.

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For fifty years, Irving charmed and instructed the American people, and held the foremost place in their affections."-WARNER. "Nothing bitter, morbid, or sensational ever came from him.". HAWTHORNE and LEMMON.

"The mild and beautiful genius of Mr. Irving was the morning

star that led up the march of our heavenly host."-ALEXANDER EVERETT.

"Irving's genius was what in the old English phrase would have been called sauntering. It cast the glamor of idlesse over our sharp, positive, and busy American life. . . . While one lurid letter spells Puritan, and the keen laughter of Hosea Biglow nails fast the counterfeit American, still Rip Van Winkle lounges idly by, and the vagabond of the Hudson is an unwasting figure of the imagination, the earliest, constant, gentlest satirist of American life."- GEORGE W. CURTIS.

Lowell's verses on Irving in his Fable for Critics.
Longfellow's sonnet In the Churchyard at Tarrytown.
Consult Irvingiana: a Memorial to Washington Irving.

His Literary Style.

Fluent, graceful, picturesque.

"His language was full of grace; his sympathies were true; his humor, genuine and abiding."

Sale of Works.

Six hundred thousand volumes were sold in his lifetime. From 1859 to 1887 the average annual sale was thirty thousand. His literary income was more than $36,000.

Illustrated Editions.

The Darro Edition of The Alhambra. 1891. G. P. Putman. ($6.00.) Illuminated cover and page borders. Thirty photogravures.

Rip Van Winkle. 1893. Macmillan. ($2.00.) George H. Boughton, artist.

Legend of Sleepy Hollow. G. P. Putman.

Memorials.

Busts in Central Park, N.Y., and Prospect Park, Brooklyn.

Irving Memorial Church at Tarrytown.

Edition of his Life and Works.

Formation of the Irving Society at Tarrytown, 1883.

First American author thus honored.

Memorial volume published by the society.

Donald G. Mitchell, the orator of the Centennial Celebration of his birth.

His Admiration for Women.

"I am superstitious in my admiration for them, and like to walk in a perpetual delusion, decking them out as divinities. I thank no one to undeceive me, and to prove that they are mere mortals."

Irving's Worldly Wisdom.

"When I cannot get a dinner to suit my taste, I get a taste to suit my dinner."

Anecdotes of interest concerning Irving.

See Griswold's Home Life of Great Authors, Warner's Life of Irving, Lockhart's Life of Scott.

Selected Readings.

The Sketch-Book. Rip Van Winkle. ("One of those strokes of
genius that re-create the world and clothe it with the unfading
hues of romance.") The Spectre Bridegroom, Rural Funerals,
Westminster Abbey, The Legend of Sleepy Hollow, Stratford-
on-Avon, Little Britain, The Pride of the Village.

The Alhambra. The Court of Lions, Legends of The Three Beauti-
ful Princesses, The Rose of the Alhambra, The Moor's Legacy,
The Two Discreet Statues, The Arabian Astrologer, Governor
Manco and the Soldiers.

Knickerbocker's History of New York. Governor Van Twiller
(Bk. III., ch. i.); How the Streets were made, (Bk. III., ch.
iii.); Military Reception (Bk. VI., ch. ii.).

The Crayon Miscellany. Newstead Abbey, Abbotsford.

Bracebridge Hall. The Stout Gentleman. (Greatly admired by
Dickens.)

Columbus. Landing of Columbus in the New World (Vol. I,
Bk. IV.).

Life of Washington. Washington's Farewell Address (Vol. V.,
chap. xxx.).

"For nearly half a century, Niagara Falls and Washington Irving were the two American subjects most interesting to Englishmen."

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'Irving attributed the success of his books in England to the astonishment of Englishmen that an American could write good English." "Irving's imagination, like that of Spenser and Scott, was fascinated by the past and its associations."

"His pen was the first to give to literature the Dutch legends of the New World and the romances of the Moors in Spain."

"Irving regarded life purely from the literary point of view."

"There was never any one who so carried the whole of himself in each of his writings."-HAWEIS.

"Irving's first literary work was a play, written for an entertainment at the house of a friend."

"Before Irving there was no laughter in the land.”

"The influence of his writings is sweet and wholesome."

"His writings are the literature of leisure and retrospection; and already Irving's gentle elaboration, the refined and slightly artificial beauty of his style, and his persistently genial and sympathetic attitude, have begun to pall upon readers who demand a more nervous and accentuated kind of writing." — BEERS.