Cities, may be chartered by the general court, if containing twelve Civil officers, meeting for election to be held annually on the Tues- Page 34 41 41 Clerks of courts, elected by the people of the several counties, 44 13 force, 22238 20 29 Commander-in-chief, governor to be, Commerce, agriculture and the arts, to be encouraged, Commissary-general, appointed and commissioned as fixed by law, . 25, 35 Commissions, to be in the name of the Commonwealth, signed by Congress, delegates to, 32 27 36 members of, may not hold certain state offices, to be enrolled on parchment, deposited in secretary's office, Coroners, election to be determined by rule required in that of gover- 34 21 32 24 . 24, 42 to take oath of office before the president of the senate in to rank next after the lieutenant-governor, resolutions and advice to be recorded in a register, and signed register of council may be called for by either house, to exercise the power of governor when office of governor Page Council, no property qualification required, 41 eight districts to be formed, each composed of five contiguous* 42 eligible to election if an inhabitant of state for five years pre- 42 37 term of office, Court, superior, judges not to hold certain other offices, judges not to hold certain other offices, 9, 23 36 to give opinions upon important questions of law, etc., when Courts, clerks of, elected by the people of the several counties, registers elected by the people of the several counties, Crimes and offences, prosecutions for, regulated, Departments, legislative, executive and judicial, to be kept separate, Divorce, alimony, etc., Elections, by the people, of civil officers provided for by the consti- tution, to be by plurality of votes, 41 Election of civil officers, meeting to be held annually on the first in case of failure to elect representative, meeting to be held Equality and natural rights of all men, Estates, valuation to be taken anew once at least every ten years, . Page 41 41 4 12 9 9 F. Felony and treason, no subject to be declared guilty of, by the legis- Freehold, possession of, not required as qualification for seat in the 41 Fundamental principles of the constitution, a frequent recurrence to, 8 G. General court, to assemble frequently for redress of grievances, and not to declare any subject to be guilty of treason or felony 8 10 to assemble every year on the first Wednesday of January, at may make wholesome and reasonable laws and ordinances not may provide for the election or appointment of officers, and 11 may impose taxes, etc., to be used for the public service, 12 20, 37 travelling expenses of members, 16 may be adjourned or prorogued, upon its request, by the gov- 19 session may be directed by governor, with advice of council, Page General court, judicial officers may be removed upon address of, may increase property qualifications of persons to be elected may be prorogued by governor and council for ninety days, if to elect major-generals by concurrent vote, to determine election of governor, lieutenant-governor and to prescribe by law for election of sheriffs, registers of probate quorum, to consist of a majority of members, . Government, objects of, Government by the people, as a free, sovereign and independent 32 31 21 34 . 41, 42 Governor, the supreme executive magistrate, styled, - The Gover- qualifications, to have been an inhabitant of the state for term of office, should have an honorable stated salary, 44 48 3, 5, 6 the commander-in-chief, of the army and navy, but may not oblige them to go out of the limits of the state, to appoint the adjutant-general, to take oaths of office before president of the senate in pres- not to hold certain other offices, ence of the two houses of assembly, . to sign all commissions, veto power, election determined by the legislature, vacancy in office of, powers to be exercised by the lieutenant- 42, 43 vacancy in office of governor and lieutenant-governor, powers to appoint all judicial officers, notaries public and coroners; Governor, to appoint officers of the continental army, may pardon offences, but not before conviction, may fill vacancy in council occurring when legislature is not with consent of council, may remove judicial officers, upon Governor and council, to examine election returns, Page 22 21 47 26 19 may punish persons guilty of disrespect, etc., by imprison- quorum to consist of governor and at least five members of H. Habeas corpus, privilege of writ to be enjoyed in the most ample Harvard College, powers and privileges, gifts, grants and convey- 26 32 . 27, 28 board of overseers established, but the government of the officers may be elected members of the general court, may impose fines upon towns not choosing members, expense of travel once every session each way, to be paid by qualifications of members, must be an inhabitant of district for one year preceding elec- to originate all money bills, but the senate may propose or 18 17 17 17 to choose officers, establish its rules, etc., 17, 45, 48 sons guilty of disrespect, etc.; trial may be by committee, 17, 18 not to adjourn more than two days at a time, may punish by imprisonment, not exceeding thirty days, per- |