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damaging to Mr. Morton's personal prospects, is received with satisfaction by Republicans generally, who accept its influence on this or that candidate's chances with strange equanimity. No good is unmixed, perhaps, and the Senator from Indiana would be the last man to hesitate between his own advancement and that of any great principle. The people know this, and are comforted.

NEW HAMPSHIRE has gone Republican by at least three thousand. After a campaign of unexampled activity on both sides with many distinguished speakers pouring out their eloquence like water night after night, and local committees their own, or other people's money, as lavishly on just or unjust — with the fall of Belknap coming in the midst of the campaign to encourage and dishearten -the Granite State has gone Republican. Judicious observers have warned us not to accept the issue, no matter how it went, as very significant, because it would depend on the expenditure of money; and this may be true. Still this much is certain : The result, following the scandals at Washington, is very reasuring to the Republicans and correspondingly depressing to their antagonists. If it strengthen the Bourbon element among them— which as a Bourbon element is just as "crooked" in that party as among the Democrats and hardens them into arrogant certainty of success, this victory will have to be regretted; if it teach them, as it should, that with a thoroughly good candidate they can beat the Democrats with one that is objectionable, it will have been a thing to rejoice over. Platforms are of very little account now-adays—but a man's name and career may be a guarantee, and that is what the people want.

THE sad disclosure of Secretary Belknap's dishonesty, though more than a nine days' wonder, has been so much written and talked about that nothing remains perhaps to say. He has been held up to public scorn in various ways. His crime has been painted by innumerable artists, each one in a different style, according to the colors he was accustomed to use or the light in which he worked. To some it has been shocking because he was Secretary of War, to others because he was a gallant soldier; to this one because it cast reflection on the party, to that because it showed ingratitude to

General Grant. Many have lamented the discovery because it proved high places so corrupt: not a few because it was found out. This last reason has even been hinted at in public prints; and more than one person, reasonably intelligent and fairly honest, has seemed to think that the worst feature of the whole thing was not that the Secretary had been engaged in corrupt practices, but that he should have been caught in them. A deal of pity has been wasted on on him and his family-on him, so handsome and so popular; on members of his household, so beautiful, so exquisitely dressed, so white-necked, and with feet so small! Painful pictures of a ruined household have been drawn to point morals and enforce lessons of virtue. In most cases the stress has been laid on the shockingness of the discovery, and the grief that followed, rather than on the infamy of the crime itself. No one can feel anything but sorrow at the spectacle which the newspapers have been dissecting before our very eyes; but good men and patriotic citizens, it seems to us, should pray first that officials should not commit such crimes, but secondly, if they do, that they be speedily found out. If Mr. Belknap's honor could not have kept him virtuous in temptations, the fear of discovery one would think would have restrained him; and had he seen on all sides fraud and corruption instantly brought to light and as speedily punished with impartial rigor, he might perhaps have done differently from what he did. He saw, on the contrary, a laxity of morals in respect of the discharge of public duties, a growing system of corruption in the public service, and a determination among the leaders of a party, strong and apparently impregnable, to silence every cry, cover up every aperture, and whitewash every person accused of irregularity. He saw men in the highest places doing wrong, and men in lower following the example. Virtue was poor and Vice extremely wealthy-he needed money and he took it. Careful observers are not astonished that this exposure should have come at last, but they have been surprised that it came just where it did. Besides innumerable other things which Belknap's fall has illustrated, there is the fact, that it is not often the worst representative of a corrupt system who suffers most keenly for its crimes.

The Republican party is, of course, held responsible for Mr. Belknap. And yet, after all, no party was ever much less to blame for the misdeeds of one of its members. He was a Democrat, appointed to

the office of Collector of Internal Revenue by Andrew Johnson, and from that dizzy elevation lifted by General Grant into the Secretaryship of War. The party never would have chosen Mr. Belknap for any place. It had never made him a constable or justice of the peace. He was not one of its leaders, even of the tenth rank. Under any other administration he would have been left to tend his flocks and herds,or, perhaps, continue to collect the tax on "crooked whisky," and he might have died virtuous and been happily forgotten. The personal government of General Grant has given him to the party and the nation. He was fit to be in a Cabinet composed on the principle of a General's staff, but he was in no sense a representative of the party. It may be said that the party became responsible by acquiescence. But what could the party do? This indeed it might have done. It might have trusted awhile longer the men whose leadership had made it great and powerful. It might have been willing to listen to unprejudiced and friendly counsel, and believe that the President was human; it might have checked him a hundred times, declined to confirm his worst appointments, to drive Schurz and Trumbull from the ranks, to insult Charles Sumner and approve of Schenck. It might indeed have been frank about Louisiana, helped Chamberlain at Columbia, and refused point blank to let the administration drive the late rebels into the strange attitude of defenders of the Constitution. It might have said: "General Grant, our gratitude to you is great, as indeed it ought to be, but it has a limit. We owe you much, but we owe our country more." The President of the United States may not be amenable to party discipline-but a great party must respect itself to deserve the people's confidence and win their votes; and had the Republican party been true to itself in the last five years, and displayed in peace half the courage it often showed in war, it would not now have had to suffer the injury and bear the shame of things of which it was not the first cause, and for which it is not chiefly responsible.

THE relief which has been felt since the appointment of Judge Taft is very considerable. He is a graduate of Yale of 1833, and now one of the six Fellows elected by the Alumni; is a lawyer of ability and reputation, a Republican of convictions and influence, and will undoubtedly make a safe, sound and thoroughly honorable Cabinet Minister. If General Grant will take Judge Taft's advice as readily as we are given to suppose he did his predecessor's, the words "the President and all of us," will come to have a different meaning by the end of his administration.

TH

CORRELATED GROWTH.1

HERE have been discovered in nature two classes of correlated growth; the first establishing a correspondence between the different parts of an organism; the second, between an organism and its environment. The first, as Argyll observes, suggests the working of forces possessing inherent polarity of action, the second, adjustment with a view to purpose. The exquisite patterns of flowers and of shells, the nice balancings of parts noticeable, in fact, in nearly all organisms are illustrations of the first class. Darwin's and Spencer's explanation of the phenomena is that correspondence of parts comes from a like correspondence in the external influences. As organisms are seldom out of harmony with their surroundings, it is difficult to cite facts controverting this position, however false it may be, yet some have come to light which are clearly of another origin. For instance, in cats, eyes with a blue iris are found associated with deafness, and a tortoise-shell-colored fur with the female sex. There are malformations and abnormal developments under what are styled symmetrical diseases, that reveal, at times very grotesquely, this intimate relationship. Darwin himself gives us instances of unusual growth that show correlation. He says: "In several distinct breeds of pigeons and fowls the legs and two outer toes are feathered, so that in the trumpeter pigeon they appear like little wings." These feathers are sometimes even longer than those of the wings and resemble them in structure. In such cases tendencies appear to complete the resemblance by some of the toes growing together.

A mechanical origin cannot well be claimed for the serial homology displayed in the development of the worm Syllis, dividing as it does spontaneously, a new head with all its complexity and unity forming midway in the body of the parent. The issuing of the legs, wings and eyes of Diptera, two winged flies, out of masses of formative tissue and the building up of a body and head by their

1 In the present paper, taken from a monograph on "The Supernatural,” the design is to give simply a brief and popular exposition of some of those interesting phenomena in animate nature, whose discovery and interpretation have been the study of Mivart, Wallace, Darwin, Thompson, Huxley, Lyell, Spencer, Argyll and other eminent writers.

approximation, is a process not possibly referable to outside influences; neither is the fact that the larva of the Hessian fly gives rise to a second within it which bursts the body of the first, the second to a third, the third to a fourth; neither is the fact of the vertical completeness of the bony pike, for it can make no use of it; nor, for a similar reason, that of the extra series of ossicles on the outer side of the paddle of the Ichthyosaurus; nor that of each hand of the eft having one more finger than his foot has toes.

If Spencer claims for his "physiological units" power to grow into as perfect animals as those from which they sprung, how can he consistently pronounce incredible the evolution of nature's homologues by some internal, individual force. Murphy in his work on "Habit and Intelligence" remarks that in crystals, form or structure does not depend on function, for they have none, and that analogous formative forces may reside in living organisms. This is especially evident among radiates and mollusks. The symmetry of their shells is no less wonderful in its perfection than that displayed in salt or snow crystals.

In the same species of sea worms, males and females differ so widely that naturalists for a long while mistook them for different genera and even families; yet Darwin admits that sexual selection is not sufficient to account for this wide variation, they being too low in the scale to choose partners or attempt rivalry. Natural selection surely cannot account for it, for they live amid similar surroundings and fight similar battles. There are species of insects in which the male is a fly, and the female a worm. To have made it possible for this species to be an off-shoot of some other, the changes, effected by selections, in one sex must have been intimately and most mysteriously correlated with those in the other. The simultaneousness and correlation of these changes are wholly unaccounted for in Darwin's philosophy. On this point Argyll cites the plumage of humming birds. Not only do marked differences exist between the four hundred species, but between the sexes of each species, and unless the variations occurred at the same time and were homologous between the sexes, the divergence would exhibit for a time the phenomena of mixture or terminate in reversion. Yet Gould, a most acute observer, declares that among the thousands of specimens he has examined he has never yet found a single case of mixture or hybridism.

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