Lafayette Kellogg,
Abram D. Smith,

Circuit. Judge.

1. David Noggle,

Assistant Justice, 1861,

of Milwaukee, Reporter, Sale of Reports, & 1,000

2. Arthur McArthur,

The judicial power of the State, as to matters both of law and equity, is vested in a Supreme Court, in Circuit Courts, in County Courts with probate powers and jurisdiction, and in justices of the peace. The Supreme Court, except the power of issuing writs of habeas corpus, mandamus, and the like, has appellate jurisdiction only, and in no case holds jury trials. It consists of one chief justice and two associate justices, who are elected by the people, and whose term of office is six years. At present, two terms of the court are held annually, at the seat of government. The State is divided into ten judicial circuits. The judges are elected by the voters of each circuit respectively, and hold their office for six years. The salary of the judges of the Supreme and Circuit Courts was raised to $2,500, in March, 1857, to apply to all judges elected after that date. The Circuit Courts have original jurisdiction in all matters civil and criminal within the State (except in a few specified cases), and an appellate jurisdiction from all inferior courts. They have also power to issue writs of habeas corpus, quo warranto, and the like. Terms of the Circuit Courts are held at least twice in each year in every county. A clerk of the Circuit Court is elected by the people in each county. The District Attorneys, elected by the people in each county, are the prosecuting officers in the Circuit Courts held in their respective counties.

The County Court, except as a Probate Court, is abolished in all the counties but Milwaukee, La Crosse, St. Croix, Douglass, and La Pointe, where it has concurrent civil jurisdiction in law-cases with the Circuit Court, to the amount of $ 5,000.

Justices of the peace are elected in the several towns, hold office for two years, and have jurisdiction throughout their counties in civil matters when the debt or damages claimed do not exceed $ 100.

FINANCES.

Total receipts into the Treasury for the year ending October, 1860,

$979,464.25

The disbursements during the same period were,

713,853.44

Balance in the Treasury, October, 1860, .

$187,300.97

The aggregate receipts into the General Fund during the year 1860, were $416,286.12, consisting of the following items: State tax, $263,593.72; Bank tax, $ 88,488.94; Railroad tax, $23,555.96; Insurance tax, $9,606.18; Miscellaneous, $14,130.85; Balance from 1859, $16,910.47 The aggregate disbursements from the General Fund for the calendar year, were $359,580.29, leaving a balance in the Treasury, Jan. 1, 1861, of $56,705.83. Of the expenditures from this fund, the sum of $ 169,809.23 was for the State Prison, the various benevolent institutions, payment of interest on State loan, &c., leaving the sum of $189,771.06 as properly the cost of carrying on the State government.

Taxable Property for 1860. — Acres of improved land, 17,616,174; average equalized value per acre, $6.78; aggregate assessed value of lands, $ 115,377,397; ditto. of city and village lots, $41,178,377; ditto. of personal property, $27,506,761; total valuation of property, $184,062,536. The State taxes for 1860 were,- State tax of .081+ of a mill, amounting to $150,000; .4 of a mill for interest on State debt, $ 73,625.00; .1 of a mill for town libraries, $18,406; total tax, $242,031.25. The balance of the .4 mill tax, beyond paying the interest on the State debt, goes into the general fund.

State Debt. The constitution provides that the State debt in the aggregate shall never exceed $100,000. The permanent debt of the State is $100,000, on which the annual interest is $6,000.

Banks. For the condition of the banks in Wisconsin, January, 1860, see ante, page 231. The condition of the banks January 1, 1861, was as follows:

Total number of banks in operation, 110, with capital amounting to.

Decrease of banking capital for past year,

Whole amount of countersigned notes issued to banks and outstanding, is

$7,237,000

Namely, to banks doing business,

To banks winding up,

Total outstanding circulation,

These notes are secured by the deposit of specie and public stocks to the amount of

Specie of organized banks, .

Specie of banks winding up,

Total securities on deposit, .

The amount of the bank tax due for the past year was

The amount of securities over circulation, January 1, 1860, was

Amount of same, January 1, 1861,

Excess of margin, January 1, 1861,

523,000

4,580,832

$4,537,683

43,149

-$4,580,832

$5,120,080.00

$45,573.50
43,152.00

88,725.50

$5,208,805.60

103,807.86

158,445.00

627,973.00

$469,528.00

Common Schools. The capital of the School Fund, Oct. 1, 1859, was $3,001,297.30, which bears interest at 7 per cent, which is $210,090.83. Deducting the amount set apart for Normal School purposes, the School Fund proper is $2,786,767.03, on which the interest is $192,788.34. From this fund there was disbursed during the year for schools near $191,500. The capital is constantly increased by the sale of school lands, of 25 per cent net of sales of swamp lands, and from other sources. There was, besides, the University Fund, of $303,923.60, the income of which, at 7 per cent, is applied for the benefit of the State University. For the year ending August 31, 1859, returns were received from all the counties. In the State there were 3,656 districts and 1,611 parts of districts. Average length of schools, 5.5 months. Number of children in the State between 4 and 20 years, 278,871, of whom only 39,034 are reported as having attended school. Average monthly wages of male teachers, $22.93; of female, $14.29. $227,672.61 were raised by tax and expended for teachers' wages. Number of volumes reported in libraries, 41,997. The circulation during the year was 51,062. There were, in 1859, 210 select and private schools, with an average attendance of 7,772 pupils. The total valuation of school-houses in 1859 was $1,185,191.73. The highest valuation of any school-house is $20,000, and the lowest $0.25. A Board of Regents of Normal Schools has been established by law, who are authorized to distribute one fourth of the net income of the Swamp Land Fund among such institutions as maintain under certain regulations a Department of Normal Instruction. In 1859 there were 6 colleges, 5 academies, and 3 high schools reported as having maintained

such a department. There were 564 pupils, and for them the institutions were allowed in the aggregate, $ 10,152.

Wisconsin State Hospital for the Insane. - The Hospital, by the act of 1859, is placed in charge of seven trustees, appointed for three years, three of whom must reside in Dane County.

Wisconsin Institute for the Education of the Blind, Janesville.-W. H. Churchman, Superintendent. This institution is now supported by legislative appropriations. It was opened August 1, 1850. The number of pupils received, to Oct. 1, 1859, was about 75, of whom 27 remained at that date. To pupils from Wisconsin board and tuition are free, but they must supply themselves with good comfortable clothing. The session of the Insti tute is from the first Monday in September to the last Wednesday in June. The females are employed in sewing, knitting, braiding, and fancy bead-work; the males in broom. making.

Deaf and Dumb Institute, Delavan, Walworth Co.-J. S. Officer, Principal. The institution was established in 1852. There were during the year ending Sept. 30, 1860, 87 pupils in attendance, 55 males and 32 females. The largest number at any one time was 74. To pupils from Wisconsin board and tuition are free. The charge to pupils from other States is $100 per annum for tuition and board. The sessions commence on the first Wednesday in September, and last ten months. The care of the Institute is put into the charge of nine trustees, who are divided into three classes of three each. They hold office for three years, and their terms are so arranged that those of one class go out of office each year. It is made the duty of the Governor to visit annually and inspect the State prisons and the charitable institutions of the State, and public institutions in other States, and he is required to report annually to the Legislature, in writing, the condition of all the State institutions.

State Prison, at Waupun, Fond du Lac Co.-Number of convicts, January 1, 1859, 202; received to Jan. 1, 1860, 95; in all, 297. Discharged, 115. In prison, Jan. 1, 1860, 182. Of those discharged, 84 were by expiration of sentence, 29 by pardon, and 2 died. Of the 297 in prison, 24 were convicted of murder, 21 being convicted of murder in the first degree; 18 of manslaughter; 4 of rape; 25 of burglary; 156 of larceny; 10 of arson; 2 of perjury ; 10 of counterfeiting. 144 were natives of the United States, and 153 were foreign-born. The labor of the convicts is let out by contract. Since the opening of the prison there have been admitted 567 prisoners, and 385 discharged, 236 by expiration of sentence, 137 by par don, 4 by order of court, 1 escaped, and 7 died. Of the 567, 29 were convicted of murder, 29 of manslaughter, 30 of assaults with felonious intent, 8 of rape, 4 of perjury, 21 of counterfeiting, 50 of burglary, 315 of larceny. 319 were natives of other countries, and 248 of the United States.

State Reform School for Juvenile Delinquents. - The Commissioners appointed to locate and erect the House of Refuge purchased a site of nearly eleven acres, in Waukesha, about twenty miles west of Milwaukee. The citizens of Waukesha gave, in addition, sixty acres of contiguous land. The plan consists of three independent buildings, fifty feet apart, parallel to each other, all united by a corridor nine feet wide, passing through and between the buildings, dividing each in the centre. The front of each building is designed for the officers and their families, and the rear for the inmates. Portions of the building are under contract. A portion of one wing is completed. The name of the institution was changed in 1859 from House of Refuge to its present name. The Governor, July 25, 1860, proclaims that the institution is ready for the reception of persons that may be committed thereto. Geological Survey. — A survey of the State has been in progress for the past 18 months, under the law of 1857, which provided for $6,000 per annum to be expended for 6 years, if necessary, and created a commission for the work, consisting of Professors James Hall, Ezra S. Carr, and Edward Daniels. Professor Hall is the Superintendent of the survey. Special contracts were made with Professors J. D. Whitney and Charles T. Whittlesey in 1860; with Professor Whitney for the completion of sectional maps of the lead bearing region of the State; with Professor Whittlesey for the completion and report of his work which was chiefly in the extreme northeastern and northwestern portions of the State. The reports will be presented to the Legislature of 1861.

XXXIV. UTAH TERRITORY.*

Area, 187,923 sq. m. Population, 1860, 50,000.

ALFRED CUMMINGS, of Salt Lake City, Governor,

Almon W. Babbitt,

Term ends. Salary. 1861, $2,500 2,000

* For something relative to the proposed new Territories, see the Additions and Corrections, at the end of the volume.

XXXIX. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

Area, 50 sq. m. Population, 1860, 75,321.

THE District of Columbia is under the immediate government of Congress.

James Dunlop,
James S. Morsell,

William M. Merrick,
Robert Ould,
William Selden,

JUDICIARY.

Circuit Court of the District.

Chief Justice,
Associate Justice,

John A. Smith,

Thomas H. Crawford, of Washington,

Judge,

$2,000

John A. Smith,

66

Clerk,

Fees.*

Danish America (Greenland),

380,000

French Possess'ns (St. Pierre, &c.)

118

Russian America,

394,000

New Britain,

1,800,000

Canada West,

147,832

Canada East,

British,

201,989

27,700

18,746

New Brunswick,

Nova Scotia, &c.,

Prince Edward's Island,
Newfoundland,

British Columbia,

United States of America,
United States of Mexico,
San Salvador,

Nicaragua,

Honduras,

Guatemala,

Costa Rica,

Mosquitia,

Honduras (British Colony),

Total,

*Fees limited to $3,500.

2,134 57,000 213,500

9,400 Lichtenfels, C. S. M. Olrik, Insp.t 200 St. Pierre, E.de laRonciere, Com't. 66,000 N. Archangel, Gov. 180,000 YorkFactory, SirGeo.Simpson, Mana. 999,847 Toronto, SirE.W.Head, Bt., Gov. 890,261 Quebec, Gen. of Brit. N. Amer. 200,000 Frederickton, J.H.T.M Sutton, Lt.-G. 300,000 Halifax, Earl of Mulgrave, do. 62,348 CharlotteT'n, George Dundas, do. 120,000 St. John's, SirA Bannerman, Gov. 7,500 Ft. Langley, Sir James Douglas, do. 3,306,834 31.676,217 Washington, JAMES BUCHANAN, Pr. 1,038.865 7,200,000 Mexico, Benito Juarez, T do. 450,000 Cojutepeque, Gen. G. Barrios, do. 400.000 Granada, Gen. T. Martinez, do. 330,000 Comagagua, DonSantosGuardiolado. Don Rafael Carrera, do. J. M. Montealgre, do. Jamaso (Indian), King. Fred. Seymour, Supt.

These two include the area of Mosquitia.
Annexed in 1846 to Nicaragua.

t Dr. H. Rink is Inspector of South Greenland. S Including area of Guanacaste.

T Gen. M. Miramon also claims to be President.