ARTICLE 304.

With the object of ensuring regular utilization of the railroads of the former Austro-Hungarian Monarchy owned by private companies which, as a result of the stipulations of the present treaty, will be situated in the territory of several States, the administrative and technical reorganization of the said lines shall be regulated in each instance by an agreement between the owning company and the States territorially concerned.

Any differences on which agreement is not reached, including questions relating to the interpretation of contracts concerning the expropriation of the lines, shall be submitted to arbitrators designated by the Council of the League of Nations.

This arbitration may, as regards the South Austrian Railway Company, be required either by the board of management or by the committee representing the bondholders.

ARTICLE 305.

Within a period of five years from the coming into force of the present treaty, the Czecho-Slovak State may require the improvement of the Bratislava (Pressburg)-Nagy-Kanisza line on Hungarian territory.

The expenses shall be divided in proportion to the advantages derived by the interested States. Failing agreement, such division shall be made by an arbitrator appointed by the League of Nations.

ARTICLE 306.

In view of the importance to the Czecho-Slovak State of free communication between that State and the Adriatic, Hungary recognizes the right of the CzechoSlovak State to run its own trains over the sections included within her territory of the following lines:

(1) from Bratislava (Pressburg) towards Fiume via Sopron, Szombathely and Mura-Keresztur, and a branch from Mura-Keresztur towards Pragerhof;

(2) from Bratislava (Pressburg) towards Fiume via Hegyeshalon, Csorna, Hegyfalu, Zalaber, Zalaszentiván, Mura-Keresztur, and the branch lines from Hegyfalu to Szombathely and from Mura-Keresztur to Pragerhof.

On the application of either party, the route to be followed by the CzechoSlovak trains may be modified either permanently or temporarily by mutual agreement between the Czecho-Slovak Railway Administration and those of the railways over which the running powers are exercised.

ARTICLE 307.

The trains for which the running powers are used shall not engage in local traffic, except by agreement between the State traversed and the Czecho-Slovak State.

Such running powers will include, in particular, the right to establish running sheds with small shops for minor repairs to locomotives and rolling-stock, and to appoint representatives where necessary to supervise the working of CzechoSlovak trains.

The technical, administrative and financial conditions under which the rights of the Czecho-Slovak State shall be exercised shall be laid down in a convention between the railway administration of the Czecho-Slovak State and the railway administrations of the Hungarian systems concerned. If the administrations cannot come to an agreement on the terms of this convention, the points of difference shall be decided by an arbitrator nominated by Great Britain, and his decisions shall be binding on all parties.

In the event of disagreement as to the interpretation of the convention or of difficulties arising unprovided for in the convention, the same form of arbitration will be adopted until such time as the League of Nations may lay down some other procedure.

CHAPTER VI.-TRANSITORY PROVISION.

ARTICLE 308.

Hungary shall carry out the instructions given her, in regard to transport, by an authorized body acting on behalf of the Allied and Associated Powers: (1) for the carriage of troops under the provisions of the present treaty, and of material, ammunition and supplies for army use;

(2) as a temporary measure, for the transportation of supplies for certain regions, as well as for the restoration, as rapidly as possible, of the normal conditions of transport, and for the organization of postal and telegraphic services.

CHAPTER VII.-TELEGRAPHS AND TELEPHONES.

ARTICLE 309.

Notwithstanding any contrary stipulations in existing treaties, Hungary undertakes to grant freedom of transit for telegraphic correspondence and telephonic communications coming from or going to any one of the Allied and Associated Powers, whether neighbors or not, over such lines as may be most suitable for international transit and in accordance with the tariffs in force. This correspondence and these communications shall be subjected to no delay or restriction; they shall enjoy in Hungary national treatment in regard to every kind of facility and especially in regard to rapidity of transmission. No payment, facility or restriction shall depend directly or indirectly on the nationality of the transmitter or the addressee.

ARTICLE 310.

In view of the geographical situation of the Czecho-Slovak State, Hungary agrees to the following modifications in the International Telegraph and Telephone Conventions referred to in Article 218, Part X (Economic Clauses), of the present treaty:

(1) On the demand of the Czecho-Slovak State, Hungary shall provide and maintain trunk telegraph lines across Hungarian territory.

(2) The annual rent to be paid by the Czecho-Slovak State for each of such lines will be calculated in accordance with the provisions of the above-mentioned conventions, but unless otherwise agreed shall not be less than the sum which

would be payable under those conventions for the number of messages laid down in those conventions as conferring the right to demand a new trunk line, taking as a basis the reduced tariff provided for in Article 23, paragraph 5, of the International Telegraph Convention as revised at Lisbon.

(3) So long as the Czecho-Slovak State shall pay the above minimum annual rent of a trunk line:

(a) The line shall be reserved exclusively for transit traffic to and from the Czecho-Slovak State;

(b) The faculty given to Hungary by Article 8 of the International Telegraph Convention of July 22, 1875, to suspend international telegraph services shall not apply to that line.

(4) Similar provisions will apply to the provision and maintenance of trunk telephone circuits, but the rent payable by the Czecho-Slovak State for a trunk telephone circuit shall, unless otherwise agreed, be double the rent payable for a trunk telegraph line.

(5) The particular lines to be provided, together with any necessary administrative, technical and financial conditions not provided for in existing international conventions or in this article, shall be fixed by a further convention between the States concerned. In default of agreement on such convention they will be fixed by an arbitrator appointed by the Council of the League of Nations. (6) The stipulations of the present article may be varied at any time by agreement between Hungary and the Czecho-Slovak State. After the expiration of ten years from the coming into force of the present treaty the conditions under which the Czecho-Slovak State shall enjoy the rights conferred by this article may, in default of agreement by the parties, be modified at the request of either party by an arbitrator designated by the Council of the League of Nations.

(7) In case of any dispute between the parties as to the interpretation either of this article or of the convention referred to in paragraph 5, this dispute shall be submitted for decision to the Permanent Court of International Justice to be established by the League of Nations.

SECTION IV.-DISPUTES AND REVISION OF PERMANENT CLAUSES.

ARTICLE 311.

Disputes which may arise between interested Powers with regard to the interpretation and application of this part of the present treaty shall be settled as provided by the League of Nations.

ARTICLE 312.

At any time the League of Nations may recommend the revision of such of the above articles as relate to a permanent administrative régime.

ARTICLE 313.

The stipulations in Articles 268 to 274, 277, 295, 297 to 299 and 309 shall be subject to revision by the Council of the League of Nations at any time after three years from the coming into force of the present treaty.

Failing such revision, no Allied or Associated Power can claim after the expiration of the above period of three years the benefit of any of the stipulations in the Articles enumerated above on behalf of any portion of its territories in which reciprocity is not accorded in respect of such stipulations. The period. of three years during which reciprocity cannot be demanded may be prolonged by the Council of the League of Nations.

The benefit of the stipulations mentioned above cannot be claimed by States to which territory of the former Austro-Hungarian Monarchy has been transferred, or which have arisen out of the dismemberment of that monarchy, except upon the footing of giving in the territory passing under their sovereignty in virtue of the present treaty reciprocal treatment to Hungary.

SECTION V.-SPECIAL PROVISION.

ARTICLE 314.

Without prejudice to the special obligations imposed on her by the present treaty for the benefit of the Allied and Associated Powers, Hungary undertakes to adhere to any general conventions regarding the international régime of transit, waterways, ports or railways which may be concluded by the Allied and Associated Powers, with the approval of the League of Nations, within five years of the coming into force of the present treaty.

PART XIII.-LABOR.

SECTION I.-ORGANIZATION OF LABOR.

Whereas the League of Nations has for its object the establishment of universal peace, and such a peace can be established only if it is based upon social justice;

And whereas conditions of labor exist involving such injustice, hardship and privation to large numbers of people as to produce unrest so great that the peace and harmony of the world are imperilled; and an improvement of those conditions is urgently required: as, for example, by the regulation of the hours of work, including the establishment of a maximum working day and week, the regulation of the labor supply, the prevention of unemployment, the provision of an adequate living wage, the protection of the worker against sickness, disease and injury arising out of his employment, the protection of children, young persons and women, provision for old age and injury, protection of the interests of workers when employed in countries other than their own, recognition of the principle of freedom of association, the organization of vocational and technical education and other measures;

Whereas also the failure of any nation to adopt humane conditions of labor is an obstacle in the way of other nations which desire to improve the conditions in their own countries;

The High Contracting Parties, moved by sentiments of justice and humanity

as well as by the desire to secure the permanent peace of the world, agree to the following:

CHAPTER I. ORGANIZATION.

ARTICLE 315.

A permanent organization is hereby established for the promotion of the objects set forth in the preamble.

The original members of the League of Nations shall be the original members of this organization, and hereafter membership of the League of Nations shall carry with it membership of the said organization.

ARTICLE 316.

The permanent organization shall consist of:

(1) a General Conference of representatives of the members, and

(2) an International Labor Office controlled by the Governing body described in Article 321.

ARTICLE 317.

The meetings of the General Conference of representatives of the members shall be held from time to time as occasion may require, and at least once in every year. It shall be composed of four representatives of each of the members, of whom two shall be Government delegates and the two others shall be delegates representing respectively the employers and the workpeople of each of the members.

Each delegate may be accompanied by advisers, who shall not exceed two in number for each item on the agenda of the meeting. When questions specially affecting women are to be considered by the Conference, one at least of the advisers should be a woman.

The members undertake to nominate non-Government delegates and advisers chosen in agreement with the industrial organizations, if such organizations exist, which are most representative of employers or workpeople, as the case may be, in their respective countries.

Advisers shall not speak except on a request made by the delegate whom they accompany and by the special authorization of the president of the Conference, and may not vote.

A delegate may by notice in writing addressed to the president appoint one of his advisers to act as his deputy, and the adviser, while so acting, shall be allowed to speak and vote.

The names of the delegates and their advisers will be communicated to the International Labor Office by the Government of each of the members.

The credentials of delegates and their advisers shall be subject to scrutiny by the Conference, which may, by two-thirds of the votes cast by the delegates present, refuse to admit any delegate or adviser whom it deems not to have been nominated in accordance with this article.

ARTICLE 318.

Every delegate shall be entitled to vote individually on all matters which are taken into consideration by the Conference.