REPORT OF THE SECRETARY TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES

TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEes of the Carnegie ENDOWMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE:

The last annual report of the Secretary, made to the Trustees in compliance with Article 5, Section 2, of the By-Laws, was dated November 12, 1912, for presentation to the annual meeting held on December 12, 1912. At that meeting the By-Laws were amended so as to change the date of the annual meeting to the third Friday of April, and the consideration of the report of the Secretary of November 12, 1912, together with the reports of other officers of that date, was postponed until the meeting of the Board on April 18, 1913.

For the convenience of the Trustees, the Secretary submitted at that meeting an informal and supplemental report, covering the period from November 12, 1912, to April 18, 1913. The statements concerning some of the subjects in that report were necessarily incomplete, because of the unfinished state of the work on the date of its submission; and, for the sake of brevity, clearness, continuity of statement and ready reference, the present formal report will start with the date of the last annual report, namely, November 12, 1912, include in summary and complete form the matter contained in the supplemental report of April 18th last, and bring the report of the operations and business of the Association up to the date of the submission of the present report.

The duties of the Secretary, as prescribed in the By-Laws, are two-fold: First, he acts as Secretary of the Board of Trustees and of the Executive Committee; and, secondly, he is the chief administrative officer of the Association.

Secretarial Duties

Since the submission of the last report, the Secretary has been called upon to arrange for three meetings of the Board of Trustees, those held on December 12, 1912, April 18, 1913, and November 14, 1913, and ten meetings of the Executive Committee, held on January 11, February 7, March 28, April 18, May 24, June 28, October 20, November 14, December 20, 1913, and February 21, 1914. These meetings are the most important part of the Endowment's work and the preparations for them require the highest degree of care. The large amount of business laid before them necessitates a vast amount of labor preliminary to the meetings so that they may be conducted with due order and dispatch. It also devolves upon the Secretary's office to prepare the minutes of each of these meetings and have them printed and distributed to the Trustees. The minutes are, of course, the most vital records of the Endowment, and the very highest

degree of care must be employed in their preparation. Some idea of the amount of labor involved in this part of the Secretary's work may be had by calling attention to the fact that the minutes for the current year require over 180 printed pages to record in the most concise form the business transacted.

General Administrative Work

The administrative work of the Secretary's office has been generally described in the two previous reports submitted by this office. The work has grown to much larger proportions during the past year, a growth naturally to be expected as the result of the enlarged activities of the three Divisions. Each new project undertaken in the Divisions adds to the amount of correspondence to be conducted and filed, the number of records to be kept, the details and complexity of accounts to be opened, the number of documents to be translated, and the number and volume of printed pamphlets and other publications to be put through the press. The monthly reports of the Treasurer are prepared in this office for his signature, and printed and distributed to the Trustees. The drafting of the legal instruments required in many cases to define the relationship between the Endowment and its many workers in all parts of the world is also an important part of the work of this office. It should also be borne in mind that the three Divisions are engaged in special activities limited by the nature of the work which has been assigned respectively to each of them. The large residue of work not falling within the particular sphere of any of the Divisions, or of such a general character as to pertain to the Endowment generally, must naturally and appropriately be done at the headquarters.

Editing and Printing

The standardization of publications and economy in cost of printing require that the different publications of an administrative character issued by the Endowment be edited and printed under a central direction. This central supervision is performed by the Secretary's office. It involves a careful editing of manuscripts before they are sent to the printer, the making of English translations when the copy happens to be in a foreign language, which is very frequently the case, proofreading, and all the other long and tedious details connected with seeing a publication through the press.

During the present year the Secretary's office has edited, carried through the press, and distributed an edition of 10,000 copies of the Year Book for 1912, in accordance with the directions of the Executive Committee. The series of publications known as the Confidential Information Series, authorized by the Executive Committee May 25, 1912, the purpose of which was explained in detail in the Year Book for 1912, page 32, has been continued by the issuance of five additional numbers, three for the Division of Intercourse and Education and two for the Division of International Law. Each of the numbers of this series makes

a book of quite large proportions, the five numbers totaling approximately 800 pages. While a large part of the contents of these prints is confidential in its nature, attention is called to the fact that they contain many interesting and important letters and documents whose contents are such that they might well be made public in some other form and serve a useful purpose in the general propaganda work of the Endowment.

An edition of 30,000 copies of the report of Dr. Charles W. Eliot, entitled Some Roads Towards Peace, containing his observations made in China and Japan in 1912, has been printed and distributed by this office.

The Secretary's office has also edited and prepared for the printer two other pamphlets of the Division of Intercourse and Education: the report of Dr. Hamilton Wright Mabie, containing his observations in Japan during his sojourn in that country in 1912–13, in connection with the educational exchange with that country; and the report of Professor Dr. Wilhelm Paszkowski, of Berlin, the authorized correspondent of the Division, on German International Progress in 1913. Of each of these reports an edition of 5,000 copies was printed.

Still another publication of the Division of Intercourse and Education is being handled by the Secretary's office: the report of the Balkan Commission sent by the Division into the Balkan States, in the summer of 1913, after the second Balkan War, to investigate the incredible accounts of the cruelties attending this war between the former allies and to report as to the truth of these accounts and definitely to fix the responsibility.

The pamphlet containing the instructions to Mr. Robert Bacon regarding his visit to South America, referred to in more detail under another heading in this report, was prepared in this office and printed under its direction. There were also printed and distributed editions of 20,000 copies each of Mr. Carnegie's pamphlet entitled The Latest Panacea, and his address entitled The Palace of Peace, delivered at The Hague, August 29, 1913, on the occasion of the presentation of the bust of Sir Randal Cremer to the Palace of Peace.

The Hand Book of the American Group of the Interparliamentary Union, prepared and printed in this office, is referred to elsewhere.

The above documents contain about 2,000 pages of printed matter and it can readily be seen that their editing and printing has consumed a very large part of the time of the Secretary's official and clerical force.

The Secretary's office also distributed, by direction of the Executive Committee, 2,200 copies of Dr. Butler's book entitled The International Mind, being a collection of his addresses made as the presiding officer of the Lake Mohonk Conferences on International Arbitration.

Mailing List

The Secretary was directed by the Executive Committee on March 28, 1913, to prepare and present a detailed plan and estimate of cost of having prepared

an elaborate mailing list for the use of the Endowment as a part of the headquarters equipment. It is the intention to use this list as the principal facility of the Endowment for reaching the people of the country upon matters which it is desired to bring to their attention. The plan and estimate were submitted to the Executive Committee on June 28, 1913, and an allotment from the appropriation for administration was made to put the plan into effect during the current year. The plan consists of sending out letters to carefully selected lists of persons, calling their attention to the work and purposes of the Endowment, and inviting them to have their names entered upon the mailing list for the distribution of literature. Upon receipt of a favorable response, the name is entered on the list. Classification of the names according to occupations subdivides the general list into special lists for the distribution of particular kinds of literature for special purposes. Keeping the list up to date and adding to it from time to time requires the time of two clerks, and a small annual expenditure for postage. The details of expense are given in the accompanying estimates.

Distribution of Publications Printed at the Headquarters

The distribution of publications printed at the headquarters has already assumed considerable proportions and is likely hereafter to be a permanent part of the work of the office. The operation of distribution involves the addressing of labels, the insertion of slips, wrapping of the publications, and stamping and mailing them. In addition, it is necessary that records be kept showing to whom publications have been sent and checking up those that are returned on account of change of address or other cause. Some of these operations, such as addressing labels and wrapping the publications, could be done by contract, but this would involve sending out of the control of the office the mailing lists, carefully prepared and kept at considerable expense, and of turning over to outside people large numbers of expensive publications. Some of the distributing lists used from time to time are in various foreign languages and the clerks handling them must have some knowledge of these languages in order to do the work intelligently. The business of addressing and wrapping is carried on in the commercial world by very cheap labor, from which entirely satisfactory results can not be reasonably expected. It would not be possible, if the work were so performed, to keep dependable records of the distribution of publications, for this requires that the clerks who send out the publications and receive those returned be under direct supervision. Accordingly, two clerks have been employed at very moderate salaries upon the different branches of the work involved in this distribution. In case the work of distribution should at any time become slack, the qualifications of the clerks are such that they can be profitably utilized in other lines of work. An amount has been included in the estimates to continue their salaries for the ensuing year.

Contract With the Clarendon Press

In the last annual report of the Secretary, attention was called to the importance of printing and properly distributing the scientific publications of the Endowment, and it was reported that negotiations had been undertaken to secure a competent and responsible publisher who could not only print the publications but distribute and place them upon the market in all parts of the world. The contents of these publications will not be of so popular a character as to interest the general public and make it profitable to distribute them as ordinary peace literature. They are calculated more to interest educational, scientific, professional and official persons, and it was necessary to find facilities for reaching these circles of readers. The negotiations resulted in the conclusion on June 16, 1913, of an agreement between the Endowment and the Clarendon Press of the University of Oxford, England.

The Clarendon Press is recognized throughout the world as one of the leading publishers of standard books of an educational and scientific character. Their connections in other countries will enable them to handle with as much facility as the English publications the works of the Endowment published in foreign languages, and their branches in Edinburgh, Glasgow, New York, Toronto, Melbourne and Bombay, and business connections in various other countries, will give an international market for the sale of the Endowment's publications which is much to be desired and essential to the success of its work. The listing of the publications in the catalogues of the Press will bring them to the attention of book-sellers and readers of good literature everywhere.

The arrangement is a happy solution of the problem of printing and distributing the scientific publications of the Endowment so as to make them a part of the literature of the subjects with which they deal. The arrangement does not preclude the distribution by the Endowment of any of its publications in such quarters as it may decide to send them, for it will be necessary, no doubt, to supply at the Endowment's expense, and as a matter of course, a limited number of these publications to certain quarters where it is essential that they be read. Distribution of Literature Concerning the Exemption of American Coastwise Vessels from Tolls on the Panama Canal

STATEMENT OF MEMBERS OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES

The Board of Trustees at its meeting on December 12, 1912, appointed a committee of five to prepare a brief statement concerning the discussion between the parties to the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, to be signed individually by members of the Board and published. The committee prepared a statement and submitted it to each member of the Board for his signature. The statement, bearing the signatures of twenty-two Trustees, was given to the public under date of March 15, 1913. The text, with the signatures annexed, is printed in the report of the