Monthly Report of Difeafes. 5 3 2 223 8 In one of them, which terminated fatally, 3 befides the ufual fymptoms of debility, the frequency and weakness of the pulle, 2 colliquative fweats and involuntary dif charge of urine and foeces, there was an unufual degree of fubfultus tendinum: this fymptom, indeed, instead of a merely involuntary twitching of the tendons, amounted to a fpafmodic contraction of the mufcles, nearly refembling the con6 vulfions of epilepfy. 5 2 3 I 8 2 I 3 In one of the cafes of Afcites, which had long continued, and at first proved very obftinate, we fucceeded, 2 beyond our expectation, in obtaining recovery. This we think may be attri3 buted to the free use of elaterium. The draftic operation of this medicine, at firft, difcouraged the patient; but the large difcharge of fluid which followed, excited in his mind the hope of a reco very; fo that in a little time he folicited a more frequent repetition of it than it was prudent to allow: but upon the fteady use of it, together with bitters and chalybeates, to fupport the vis vita, the moft happy confequences enfued. I 3 3 I Since the laft medical report, there has been a confiderable alteration in the temperature of the air, and the state of the weather, which has occafioned, in fome inftances, an aggravation of fymptoms in the different fpecies of pneumonic complaints, The number of recent cafes, however, is fmaller than that which occurred during the time in which the former report was taken. Fevers have been more frequent than in the prefent month. The fpecies which has been most prevalent is the Typhus, or what has by fome writers been called the Nervous Fever. This difeafe ufually commences with flight chillinefs and fhiverings, alternating with fluihings of heat unequally diffufed, very different from the rigors, and the confequent violent degree of heat which occurs in other fevers. There is generally great reft leffness and anxiety; in fome cafes, a confiderable degree of pain, and in others, a vertiginous affection of the head. Throughout the difeafe, there is generally a confufion of ideas, and, on fome occafion, great hurry of fpirits. In fome of the cafes referred to in the lift, an infenfibility prevailed, which made it difficult to obtain any clear idea of the patient's sensations. The eryfipelas infantile, mentioned in the lift of diseases, terminated fatally. This is a difeafe to which new-horn children are liable, and under the violent fymptoms of which they frequently fink. It attacks different parts of the body; the fingers and hands are the feat of it when it is firft difcovered, though in its progrefs it extends over almoft every part of the body. It is diftinguished by a number of livid difcolourations, with fome degree of tumour and hardness. In the prefent inftance, there were feveral vefications, fimilar in appearance to those from which an ichorous-difcharge proceeds in cafes of mortification. This difeafe is generally fo rapid in its progrefs, that but little affiftance can be derived from medicine. The free use of the bark, with the external application of cataplafins, fomentations, and fpirituous embrocations, are the moft probable means of relief, and in fome milder fpecies of the difeafe, they have proved effectual remedies. STATE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS. ROME, and maffacre, has experienced another revolution in her government. The fanatic banners of the crofs, which have waved for twelve centuries upon the ruins of the Roman capitol, have now given place to MONTHLY MAG. No. XXIX. the tree of liberty. The following is a fhort fketch of the principal events at : Public Affairs.-Italy. 224 citizens. This public act ftated, that the Roman people, oppreffed for a long time by the government of priefts, a true political monfter, attempted feveral times to throw off its yoke; that the fecret magic of fuperftition, intereft, and armed force, combined against its efforts, had rendered until that moment its exertions ufelefs; but that, at length, the government had fallen of itfelf, in confequence of a fucceffion of weakness and infult, of meannefs and of pride that the Roman people, dreading to behold either an horrible anarchy, or a vitiated tyranny to take its place, had collected all their courage, and confolidated all their ftrength, to preferve the State from all the effects of that diffolution; and, alfo, that they determined to claim their rights of lovereignty. : That in fuppreffing, abolishing, and annihilating the civil and political government of priests, the people conftitute themselves the free and independent fovereign that they had refumed every executive and legislative authority; and that they were about to execute them by their reprefentatives, according to the rights of man, which are imprefcriptible; agreeably to the principles of justice, truth, liberty, and equality: that, by virtue of this act, all political and civil power exercifed by the Pope, was provifionally transferred to the departments, and the members named by the people, at the head of whom were five confuls, invefted with the fame authority as the former congregations of ftate. Further, this pubic act contained the nomination of all the other magiftrates prefects, ediles, and officers of all the provi fional government. The provifional department of the police in Rome, immediately upon the change of government, addreffed a proclamation to the people, in which, after having dwelt upon the corruption, bafenefs, and tyranny of the Papal government, whofe devouring avarice debafed the coin, granted impunity to all kinds of monopoly, and reduced all claffes to the impoffibility of fubfifting, they announced, that the new government were employed in remedying thofe disorders; and that they would immediately caufe to be opened the Mont de Piete, where all kinds of property would be fafely protected: they also enjoined all the citizens to wear the national cockade, confifting of white, black, and red ribbons. The Papal arms were every where ordered to be removed. All the orders of knighthood, gold keys, titles of nobility and pre-eminence were prohibited, as contrary to equality; and liveries were alfo fuppreffed, as difgraceful to humanity. The French army, it is added, by the regularity of their difcipline and behaviour, foon removed the prejudices which the people had imbibed from falfe reports, refpecting their being pillaged and violated. Thefe finifter impreffions were erafed, by the frank reply of General Berthier to the act of the Roman people he told them that the French nation did not carry on a flave trade, and that they were fo far from felling the people of other countries, that they were their deliverers. SWITZERLAND. While one part of the army, who had fo often been led to victory by the republican general Buonaparte, were taking poffeffion of the capital of Rome, and invoking the manes of Brutus, of Cato, of Cicero, and other ancient champions of liberty, under the French general Berthier, another part of it were fixing the banners of liberty and equality upon the ruins of the Ariftocracies or Berne and Fribourg. The adherents of the lords of Berne refifted the entrance of the French troops, and blood has been fhed. The French army in Helyetia entered Berne on the 5th of March, with General Brune at their head. Previous to this, the troops under General Pigeon, after gaining a figual victory at Sevenech, on the Saufen, had purfued the remainder of the fanatic bands of oligarchy, even to the gates of Berne. Soleune had furrendered to the French arms five days before. The fame day the environs of Fribourg were occupied by the troops under General Pigeon. The city being fummoned, an anfwer was returned by the magiftrates, Switzerland.-Marriages and Deaths in and near London. magiftrates, that they were difpofed to furrender; but that a few hours would be neceffary, in order that the evacuation, on the part of the Bernese and armed peafants, might be effected without diforder. General Pigeon granted two hours; but foon after the found of the tocfin was heard in the different villages, and a multitude of peafants, who came to reinforce the garrifon, were feen entering the town, by a gate oppofite to the points of attack. A new fummons was then fent; upon which fome of the citizens and magiftrates came to fay, that they were overawed by the peasants, and were no longer free in their deliberations. The republican foldiers, full of ardour, called aloud for the order for an affault: a few of the most intrepid among them, at the head of whom was ferjeant Barbe, climbed to the top of the ramparts, and threw themselves into the town; the 1500 Bernese, and four or five thousand pea 225 fants, who compofed the force of Fribourg, had retired with precipitation, with their cannon and arms, into the arfenal: the city was taken by ftorm, without any exceffes being committed; the arftocratic government deftroyed, and re-placed by a provifional government. chofen by the section. This affair coft the adherents of aristocracy more than 400 men. The affair of Sevenech coft them 800 men killed, and three thousand made prifoners. The French, on their part, loft among feveral others, the brave ferjeant Barbe, who had been created a fub-lieutenant. After performing thefe exploits, the staff-officers of the French army affembled at Berne, where they had a civic repaft, at which, among other toafts, were drank the following: Succefs to republican armies.-The Helvetic army.-Deftruction to England.Peace to the world. On Account of the length, value, and originality of many of the preceding Articles, the Notices of Parliamentary Proceedings and other Political Occurrences of inferior confequence, are deferred till our next. Marriages and Deaths, in and near London. Marriages.] At St Olave's, Southwark, Mr. Holland, of St. Mary at Hill, merchant, to Mifs Roberts, of Bermondsey-street. At Mary-le-bone church, Alexander Erfkine, efq. of Lime eftate, Jamaica, to Mifs Jackfon, daughter of Robert Jackson, efq. of the fame ifland. At St. Pancras, Mr. Owen Holmes, attorney, of Mark-lane, to Mifs Rofe Pape. At Mary-le-bone church, the rev. James Deare, to Mifs Helen Deare, one of the daughters of the late Lieutenant-colonel Charles Deare. At St. George's, Hanover-fquare, Richard Weftmacott, efq. to Mifs D. Wilkinson. At St. Michael's, Cornhill, John Mello, efq. of Chatham, to Mifs Elizabeth Hopworth, of Finch-lane. In London, Captain Cumberland, of the Manship East Indiaman, to Mifs Ware, eldeft daughter of Mr. Samuel Ware, of St. John'sfreet. Mr. Mc. Knight, linen-draper, of Long Acre, aged 62, to Mifs Winftanley, aged 24, of Palace-row, Tottenham-court Road. At St. James's church, Mr. R. Layton, of Throgmorton-ftreet, to Mifs F. Parr, of Bury-freet, St. James's. William Belcher, efq. of Highgate, to Mifs Caulon, daughter of Charles Caufton, efq. of the fame place. At Lambeth, E. J. Nagle, efq. to Mifs Anne Crantull Beauchamp, fecond daughter of John Beauchamp, of Pengreep, Cornwall. At St. George's Hanover-fquare, William Fellowes, efq. to Mifs Frances Anna Maria Powell, third daughter of the late William Powel, el. of Lugerden, Herefordshire. At St. Andrew's Holborn, Henry Revel Reynolds, efq. eldeft fon of Dr. Reynolds, of Bedford-fquare, to Mifs Ann Mitford, second daughter of John Mitford, efq. of Charlotte-street, Fitzroy-fquare. John Dickenson, efq. of St. John's-street, to Mifs Robinson, of Red Lion-street. George Fennel, efq. of the navy payoffice, to Mifs E. Robinfon, fifter of the above lady. William Elderton Allen, efq. of Gray'sinn, to Mifs Canning, of Stanftead, Effex. Died.] In Chesterfield-ftreet, a few days after her delivery of a fon and heir, the lady of John Scudamore, efq. of Kentchurch, member of parliament for the city of Hereford. In Upper Grofvenor-ftreet, in her 49th year, Lady Duckett, wife of Sir George Duckett, bart. In Bruton-ftreet, Mrs. Caftell, wife of Mr. Samuel Caftell, banker, in Lombardstreet. At Fulham, Thomas Birch, efq. of Thorpehall, Lincolnshire. In Golden-fquare, Mr. I. Lambe. In Han's-place, George Miller, efq. British conful for the fouthern ftates of North America. In Wigmore-street, Cavendish-fquare, Mr. Charles Little, furveyor of the Westminster -fire-office. In Titchfield-ftreet, after a few days illnefs, Mr. Hardcaftle, one of the principal cashiers in the banking-houfe of Melf. Hammerflcy and Co. In Seymour-ftreet, Portman-fquare, Mrs. Trevour, widow of the late Robert Tievour, efq. 226 Marriages and Deaths in and near London. In the 58th year of his age, Mr. Nicholas Browning,many years a member of the common council for the ward of CripplegateWithout, and fenior warden of the company of bakers. In London, after a fhort illness, in his 20th year, Robert Thistlethwaite, jun. efq. eldest fon of R. Thistlethwaite, of Lansdown-place, Bath. In Wimpole-street, Cavendish-square, Thomas Williams, efq. In Berner's-street, in his 76th year, John Routledge, efq. In London, Lady Tynte, widow of the late Sir Charles Kemays Tynte, bart. of Halfwell Houfe, Somerfetfhire. In London, Amboife Marquis du Drefnay, formerly a general officer in the king of France's fervice, and late colonel of a regi ment of infantry, denominated by his name, in the British pay. At his houfe in Grosvenor-square, the right hon. Lord Calthorpe. At his fon's house, Great Ruffel-ftreet, Bloomsbury, aged 74, Mr. Samuel Hayes, formerly a merchant in Birmingham. Aged 78, Mr. Charles Wilkins, many years deputy of Tower-ward. In London, occafioned by the bursting of a blood-veffel, Mifs Hoblyn, milliner, of Bath. In Upper Thames-ftreet, aged 74, Mrs. Towfe. Mrs. Catherine Wachfel, wife of the rev. Dr. Wachfel, minifter of the German Lutheran church, in Little Alie-street, Goodman's-fields. In Lamb's Conduit-ftreet, Mrs. Calamy, a lady diftinguished by acts of extraordinary benevolence. Peter Nichol, efq. of Palace-yard, Westminster. After an illness of a few hours, Mr. Charles Harris, of Maiden-lane, Covent Garden. In his 58th year, Mr. Nicholas Browning, a member of the court of common council for the ward of Cripplegate Without. At his houfe in Carlisle-street, Soho, Mr. Jenkins, fen. teacher of Scotch dancing. At his lodgings in Broad-ftreet, Carnabymarket, Mr. Turene, well known in the mufical world as an eminent performer on the violin, and lineally defcended from the celebrated Marthal Turene. The fate of this unfortunate perfon affords an additional inftance of the obfcurity to which merit is but too frequently configned, for want of powerful patronage. Notwithstanding his extraordinary eminence in his profeffion, and his illuftrious birth, he was fo reduced by the vicifhtudes of fortune, as to be compelled to exift upon a fcanty allowance from the French refugee chapel, with the earnings of his induftry in the laborious tafk of playing country dances. Mr. John Samuel, affiftant fecretary to the fociety for the encouragement of arts, manufactures, and commerce, in the Adelphi. In Grofvenor-ftreet, Mrs. Collyer, wife of the rev. Charles Collyer. Mr. Dolaor, ironmonger, in Oxford-street, In London, Mr. Jofeph Ward, many years furgeon in the Eaft-India company's fervice in Bengal. At Illington, Mrs. Titterton. In Great Portland-feet, John Moultrie, efq. On the 8th of March, died at his Father's houfe at Blackheath, deeply regretted, Thomas Garratt, the fon of Mr. Francis Garratt, Wholefale Tea-Dealer near London Bridge; having, less than a week before his decease, appeared to be in the full vigour and bloom of health. As the age of youth is peculiarly fufceptible of praise, and is forward to imitate; and as departed merit, whatever stage of life it may have adorned, has, if acknowledged to be remarkable, a claim on posthumous notice; it cannot be judged improper to delineate the character and attainments of Thomas Garratt: but this sketch cannot be materially ufeful to others, nor can fufficient regard be preferved to the rules of proportion, unless the features of the portrait be minutely, as well as faithfully, drawn. Still, however, though the general outline and the prominent lineaments will be clearly traced, it afptres only to the title of an imperfect copy, and will be deftitute of many of those delicate touches of which it is fufceptible. Though executed by the hand of friendship, it will not be coloured by the pencil of flattery... The far greater part of his education he received at home, together with two of his brothers, under the vigilant eye of his mother. By the force of his own genius, by the exclufion of temptations to indolence, by habits of early rifing, by a frequent interchange of employment, by much perfonal attendance of tutors, and by a strict adherence to regularity of plan, much was accomplifhed. To arithmetic, to geometry, and to aftronomy, he had paid confiderable attention; and the Mathematical Dictionary of Dr. Hutton was one of the books, of which he was most fond. In grammar he had arrived at diftinguished proficiency; and, even in the subordinate but not unimportant subject of punctuation, he poffeffed much minutenefs of information. The French tongue he fpoke with as much fluency, and nearly as much correctness, as the English. He read, and he converfed, in the Italian: and he had made great progrefs in the Greek and Latin languages, and confiderable advances in the German; unaided by the ufe of tranflations, which cherish idlenefs, which conceal ignorance, which flatter dullnefs, and which, as they are commonly employed, at once retard the growth and undermine the permanency of improvement. With the biography, the hiftory, and the geography of ancient times, he had an extenfive acquaintance: and any difputed point on thofe fubjects, or on chronology, was capable of powerfully interesting his attention, and of inciting him to refearches among different authors. Nor was his geo graphi Interefting Account of Thomas Garratt.“ graphical, historic, and biographical knowledge, as relating to modern ages, though unquestionably lefs confpicuous, circumfcribed within narrow limits. In the elegancies, as well as in the exactness, of Englith compofition, he had attained to no fmall fkill; for to this much of his time had been devoted: and, if the period of life at which he arrived be confidered, he must be pronounced to have poffeffed fertility of imagination, great accuracy of judgment, and great delicacy of tafte. Of there qualities of the mind indifputable evidences were afforded by the remarks which he made when he read, as well as by the compofitions which he produced. The latter were extremely numerous. Some of them filled a confiderable number of pages; and, in all of them that were written in the last year of his life, though exuberances, which it was better to cut away, occafionally occured, different beauties of ftyle were interfperfed. They were of various kinds and fometimes they were diftinguished by novelty of illuftration, fometimes by cogency of argument, fometimes by a feficity in the choice of words, fometimes by a judicious and skilful arrangement of the contents, and fometimes by a pertinent and copious accumulation of facts. He had, indeed, a quick fenfibility to literary excellence. He felt, and admired, in the feveral languages in which they wrote, the wit of Plautus and Boileau; the perfpicuity of diction in Xenophon, Arrian, and Cæfar; the judgment of Virgil, Metaftafio, Addifon, and Pope; the elegance of Ifocrates and Nepos, of Hawkefworth, and Barbauld, of Jean Baptifte Rouffeau and Harris of Salisbury; the fublimity of Homer and Milton; the beautiful morality in Fenelon and Rollin; the vigour of genius in Taflo and Dryden, in Congreve and Fawcett; the eloquence of Salluft and of Florus; the energy of Johnfon; the pathetic tenderness of Racine and of Sterne; the acumen of Hooke and Voltaire in hiftoric reflexions; the defcriptive powers of Thompson and Goldsmith, of Dyer, Shenstone, and Gray; and the masterly delineation of character in Shakespeare, in Schrader, and in Goldoni. But he was not accustomed merely to feel the beauties of celebrated productions; and it may reasonably be doubted, whether there is any one of these merits of any one of thefe writers, which has not conftituted one of the topics of his converfation. To politics, as a science, his attention had not been pointed; but into the the great events, fucceffively exhibited on the theatre of Europe, he enquired with that ardour of folicitude, which is generally characteristic of the man, long practifed in the affairs, and deeply interested in the revolutions, of the world. A happy fund of native humour he frequently displayed. On any fubject, with which he was acquainted, he could fpeak,extempore with readinefs, with energy, with vivacity of conception, and with no fmall degree of propriety. Of his growing excellency as a fpeaker, as this is a 227 habit fufceptible of perpetual improvements. it would, indeed, have been difficult to have formed too elevated expectations. In a kindred accomplishment, to which he had much longer attended, little remained for him to learn. When he recited from memory, to a fmall circle of relations or friends, any compofition in profe or poetry, his de livery was highly interefting and impreffive, and commanded approbation: for be poffeffed a memory, accurate and reten tive; a promptitude and perfpicuity of dif cernment; action varied, graceful, and appropriate; features, uncommonly beautiful, and capable of being inftantaneously lighted. up; and a voice of fingular flexibility, fkilfully modulated, and uniting great ftrength to unusual sweetnefs: and it was difficult to decide, whether he excelled in foftnefs or in energy, in repeating the calm productions of didactic compofition, or thofe of eloquence or of wit. Such were the principal acquifitions of Thomas Garrat. When fnatched by death from his friends, he was not 13 years and a half old. Attached to literature as he was, he confined not himself within its limits. Into the causes of things he was eager to penetrate. External nature had, in his eyes, numerous charms; and its diverfified appearances and products appeared to him to demand investigation. That he would hereafter have. viewed human nature alfo with a penetrating glance, and have nicely difcriminated the varying proportions of light and fhade in different characters, his obfervations clearly evinced. That he was eminent for industry, will perhaps be concluded. But, though this be an encomium, to which he had not any peculiar claim, his induftry, within the last eighteen months of his life, was confiderably increased; and he was ftill more eftimable for the qualities of the heart, than for those of the understanding. His general behaviour (and this is a happy medium rarely attained to in the dawn of life) was equally remote from the bashfulness which disconcerts, and from the confidence, which elates.. Though highly accomplished, he was deftitute of pride; though ambitious of praife, he was perfectly free from envy and jealoufy; whilft fprightly in his converfation, and gay in his difpofition, his character was exalted by picty, and he had a strong conviction of the importance of virtue. Generofity and difintereftedness predominated in his conduct, and gratitude, in his breast, was a principle of vigorous operation. Forgiveness, in cafe of any injury or affront, whether fuppofed or real, appeared to be in him a virtue, for the practice of which no effort was requifite. He was graceful and attractive in his manners a his flow of fpirits was fcarcely ever fubject either to languor or to intermiffion: and he feemed forward to enjoy, and to communicate, pleasure. Cold indifference to the interefts of others was a stranger to his bofom; the quickness of his tread, the illumination of his face, and the expreflion of his fine eyes |