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A Committee of Elections.-Nov. 13, 1789.

A Committee of Ways and Means.-Jan. 7, 1802.

A Committee on Appropriations.-March 2, 1865.

A Committee on Banking and Currency.-March 2, 1865.

A Committee on the Pacific Railroad.-March 2, 1865.

A Committee of Claims.-Nov. 13, 1794.*

A Committee on Commerce.-Dec. 14, 1795.†

A Committee on Public Lands.-Dec. 17, 1805.‡

A Committee on the Post-Office and Post Roads.-Nov. 9, 1808.8

A Committee for the District of Columbia.-Jan. 27, 1808.||

A Committee on the Judiciary.-June 3, 1813.

A Committee on War Claims.-Dec. 2, 1873-T

A Committee on Public Expenditures.-Feb. 26, 1814.

A Committee on Private Land Claims.-April 29, 1816.**
A Committee on Manufactures.-Dec. 8, 1819.tt
A Committee on Agriculture.-May 3, 1820.††
A Committee on Indian Affairs.-Dec. 18, 1821.††

To consist of eleven mem.

bers each (March 3,

1873).

Except the Committee on the Pacific Railroad, to consist of thirteen mem bers (March 9, 1869).

the committee created on the 22d of December, 1813. On the 13th of December, 1825, four days after its institution, the designation of the Committee on Revolutionary Pensions was changed to the Committee on Military Pensions, and it was charged with both revolutionary and invalid pensions. On the 10th of January, 1831, the Committee on Military Pensions became the present Committee on Revolutionary Pensions, and an additional committee was created called the Committee on Invalid Pensions; and the pension business was apportioned to the two committees, as set out in the duties assigned to the committees.

* See note (*), page 470.

†This committee was originally a Committee on Commerce and Manufactures. On the 8th of December, 1819, a Committee on Manufactures was constituted, but no duties have been assigned to that committee in the rules.

The 3d of January, 1805, was the first time at which it was proposed to appoint a Commit tee on Public Lands. The proposition was then made by Mr. John Boyle, of Kentucky, and was rejected. On the 17th of December, 1805, the committee was constituted for the first time. Previous to that day the business relating to the lands of the United States was either sent to the Committee of Claims or to a select committee, and frequently in parts to both.

From the earliest stages of the government a select committee was annually raised upon the subject of "the Post-Office and Post Roads," and was always composed of a member from each State. A standing committee was instituted on the 9th of November, 1808, and, like the select committees, was directed to be composed of a member from each State. On the 23d of December, 1811, it was directed to be composed of the same number of members as the other standing committees.

|| By Rule 162 the Speaker is directed to appoint the Delegate from the said District an additional member of the said committee.

¶ See note (*), page 470.

**When the Committee on Private Land Claims was first constituted, it was composed of five members-two less than the other committees. On the 19th of December, 1817, it was directed to be composed of seven members.

+ There are no duties assigned to the Committees on Manufactures, Agriculture, and Indian Affairs, in the Rules.

A Committee on Military Affairs.-March 13, 1822.
A Committee on the Militia.-Dec. 10, 1835.

A Committee on Naval Affairs.—March 13, 1822.
A Committee on Foreign Affairs.—March 13, 1822.
A Committee on the Territories.-Dec. 13, 1825.*
A Committee on Revolutionary Pensions.-Dec. 9, 1825.†
A Committee on Invalid Pensions.—Jan. 10, 1831.
A Committee on Railways and Canals.—April 9, 1869.
A Committee on Mines and Mining.—Dec. 19, 1865.

A Committee on Freedmen's Affairs.-Dec. 4, 1866.

A Committee on Education and Labor.-March 21, 1867.

A Committee on the Revision of the Laws.—July 25, 1868.

A Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds.—March 10, 1871.
A Committee on Patents.-Sept. 15, 1837.

A Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures.-Jan. 21,

1864-March 12, 1867.

A Committee of Accounts.-Nov. 7, 1804.‡
A Committee on Mileage.-Sept. 15, 1837.

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75. It shall be the duty of the Committee of Elections to examine and report upon the certificates of election, or other credentials, of the members returned to serve in this House, and to take into their consideration all such petitions and other matters touching elections and returns as shall or may be presented or come into question, and be referred to them by the House.—November 13, 1789; November 13, 1794.

76. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Appropriations to take into consideration all executive communications and such other propositions in regard to carrying on the several departments of the government as may be presented and referred to them by the House.-March 2, 1865. In preparing bills of appropriations for other objects, the Committee on Appropriations shall not include appropriations for carrying into effect treaties made by the United States; and where an appropriation bill shall be referred to them for their consideration, which contains appropriations for carrying a treaty into effect, and for other objects, they shall propose such amendments as shall prevent appropriations for carrying a treaty into effect being included in the same bill with appropriations for other objects.—March 2, 1865.

77. It shall also be the duty of the Committee on Appropriations, within thirty days after their appointment, at every session of Congress, commencing on the first Monday of December, to report the general appropriation bills.— September 14, 1837—for legislative, executive and judicial expenses; for sundry

* By Rule 162, the Speaker is directed to appoint one of the Delegates an additional member of the said committee.

+ See note (†), page

The Committee of Accounts was first constituted as a select committee on the 7th of November, 1804. It was made a standing committee December 17, 1805.

civil expenses; for consular and diplomatic expenses; for the army, for the navy; for the expenses of the Indian Department; for the payment of invalid and other pensions; for the support of the Military Academy; for fortifications, for the service of the Post-Office Department, and for mail transportation by ocean steamers; or, in failure thereof, the reasons of such failure. And said committee shall have leave to report said bills (for reference only) at any time. -March 2, 1865.* In all cases where appropriations cannot be made specific in amount, the maximum to be expended shall be stated, and each appropriation bill, when reported from the committee, shall, in the concluding clause, state the sum total of all the items contained in said bill.-March 15, 1867.

78. It shall be the duty of the Committee of Claims to take into consideration all such petitions and matters or things touching claims and demands on the United States as shall be presented, or shall or may come in question, and be referred to them by the House; and to report their opinion thereupon, together with such propositions for relief therein as to them shall seem expedient. —November 13, 1794.

79. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Commerce to take into consideration all such petitions and matters or things touching the commerce of the United States as shall be presented, or shall or may come into question, and be referred to them by the House; and to report from time to time their opinion thereon.t-December 14, 1795

80. It shall be the duty of the Committee on the Public Lands to take into consideration all such petitions and matters or things respecting the lands of the United States as shall be presented, or shall or may come in question, and be referred to them by the House; and to report their opinion thereon, together with such propositions for relief therein as to them shall seem expedient.December 17, 1805.

81. It shall be the duty of the Committee on the Post Office and Post Roads to take into consideration all such petitions and matters or things touching the post office and post roads as shall be presented, or shall come in question, and

* By the rule of September 14, 1837, the general appropriation bills were declared to be the civil and diplomatic," "army," "navy," and "Indian." The present enumeration includes all that in the recent practice of the House have been treated as general appropriation bills. The authority to the Committee of Ways and Means to report said bills at any time (for refer ence) was first conferred on the 19th of March, 1860, and when the duty of reporting the appropriation bills was imposed upon the Committee on Appropriations, like authority was conferred on the latter committee. By rule 119 these bills may, at any time, by a majority vote, be made special orders.

+ This committee was originally a Committee on Commerce and Manufactures. On the 8th of December, 1819, a separate Committee on Manufactures was constituted, and the duties of the original Committee on Commerce and Manufactures have been confirmed, as above, by leavin out the words “and Manufactures." There are no duties assigned in these rules to the Com mittee on Manufactures.

be referred to them by the House; and to report their opinion thereon, together with such propositions relative thereto as to them shall seem expedient.November 9, 1808.

82. It shall be the duty of the Committee for the District of Columbia to take into consideration all such petitions and matters or things touching the said District as shall be presented, or shall come in question, and be referred to them by the House; and to report their opinion thereon, together with such propositions relative thereto as to them shall seem expedient.-January 27, 1808 The third Monday of each month, from the hour of 2 o'clock, P. M., until the adjournment of that day, shall, when claimed by the Committee for the District. of Columbia, be devoted exclusively to business reported from said committee; and said committee shall henceforth be omitted by the Speaker in the regular call of committee.-May 8, 1874.

83. It shall be the duty of the Committee on the Judiciary to take into consideration such petitions and matters or things touching judicial proceedings as shall be presented, or may come in question, and be referred to them by ine House; and to report their opinion thereon, together with such propositions relative thereto as to them shall seem expedient.-June 3, 1813.

84. It shall be the duty of the Committee on War-Claims to take into consideration all such petitions and matters or things touching claims growing out of any war in which the United States has been engaged; and to report their opinion thereupon, together with such propositions for relief therein as to them shall seem expedient.—December 2, 1873.

85. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Public Expenditures to examine into the state of the several public departments, and particularly into laws making appropriations of money, and to report whether the moneys have been disbursed conformably with such laws; and also to report from time to time such provisions and arrangements as may be necessary to add to the economy of the departments, and the accountability of their officers.*-February 26, 1814.

86. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Private Land-Claims to take into consideration all claims to land which may be referred to them, or shall or may come in question; and to report their opinion thereupon, together with such propositions for relief therein as to them shall seem expedient.—April 29, 1816.

87. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Military Affairs to take into consideration all subjects relating to the military establishment and public defence which may be referred to them by the House, and to report their

See note to rule 76. And further: on the 30th March, 1816, six Committees on Expendi tures in the several departments of the Government were created and added to the list of standing committees. On the 16th March, 1860, a Committee on Expenditures in the Interior Depart ment was created. The duties assigned to the several committees would seem entirely to coves the duties of the Committee on Expenditures. (See rules 102 and 103.)

opinion thereupon; and also to report, from time to time, such measures as may contribute to economy and accountability in the said establishment.March 13, 1822.

88. It shall be the duty of the Committee on the Militia to take into consideration and report on all subjects connected with the organizing, arming, and disciplining the militia of the United States.-December 10, 1835.

89. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Naval Affairs to take into conideration all matters which concern the naval establishment, and which shall be referred to them by the House, and to report their opinion thereupon; and also to report, from time to time, such measures as may contribute to economy and accountability in the said establishment.-March 13, 1822.

90. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Foreign Affairs to take into consideration all matters which concern the relations of the United States with foreign nations, and which shall be referred to them by the House, and to report their opinion on the same.-March 13, 1822.

91. It shall be the duty of the Committee on the Territories to examine into the legislative, civil, and criminal proceedings of the Territories, and to devise and report to the House such means as, in their opinion, may be necessary to secure the rights and privileges of residents and non-residents.—December 13, 1825.

92. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Revolutionary Pensions to take into consideration all such matters respecting pensions for services in the revolutionary war, other than invalid pensions, as shall be referred to them by the House-January 10, 1831; and all matters relating to pensions to soldiers of the war of 1812 shall be referred to the said committee.-March 26, 1867.

93. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Invalid Pensions to take into consideration all such matters respecting invalid pensions as shall be referred to them by the House-January 10, 1831; except such as relate to pensions to soldiers of the war of 1812.—March 26, 1867.

94. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Roads and Canals* to take into consideration all such petitions and matters or things relating to roads and canals, and the improvement of the navigation of rivers, as shall be presented, or may come in question, and be referred to them by the House; and to report thereupon, together with such propositions relative thereto as to them shall seem expedient.-December 15, 1831.

95. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Patents to consider all subjects relating to patents which may be referred to them; and report their opinion thereon, together with such propositions relative thereto as may seem to them expedient. September 15, 1837.

96. It shall be the duty of the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds to consider all subjects relating to the public edifices and grounds within the

*The name of this committee changed to “Railways and Canals.”—April 9, 1869.

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