§ 74. Expenses for subsistence; traveling on duty.-Unless • otherwise expressly provided by law, no officer or employee of the United States shall be allowed or paid any sum in excess of expenses actually incurred for subsistence while traveling on duty outside of the District of Columbia and away from his designated post of duty, nor any sum for such expenses actually incurred in excess of $5 per day; nor shall any allowance or reimbursement for subsistence be paid to any officer or employee in any branch of the public service of the United States in the District of Columbia unless absent from his designated post of duty outside of the District of Columbia, and then only for the period of time actually engaged in the discharge of official duties. (Apr. 6, 1914, ch. 52, § 1, 38 Stat. 318.)

REPEAL

Insofar as the provisions of this section relating to subsistence may conflict with those of sections 821-833 of this title they were repealed by section 829 of this title.

CROSS REFERENCE

Per diem allowance, in lieu of their actual expenses, to officers and employees away on official business, see section 823 of this title.

§ 75. Same; engaged in field work or traveling on official business.-Except as otherwise expressly provided by law, the heads of executive departments and other Government establishments are authorized to prescribe per diem rates of allowance not exceeding $4 in lieu of subsistence to persons engaged in field work or traveling on official business outside of the District of Columbia and away from their designated posts of duty when not otherwise fixed by law. The annual estimates of appropriations from which per diem allowances are to be paid shall specifically state the rates of such allowances. (Aug. 1, 1914, ch. 223, § 13, 38 Stat. 680.)

REPEAL

Insofar as the provisions of this section relating to subsistence may conflict with those of sections 821-823 of this title they were repealed by section 829 of this title.

CROSS REFERENCE

Prescription of per diem allowances by heads of departments and establishments, see section 827 of this title.

§ 75a. Civilians employed in field service; quarters, heat, light, nousehold equipment, subsistence, and laundry service.-The head of an executive department or independent establishment, where, in his judgment, conditions of employment require it, may continue to furnish civilians employed in the field service with quarters, heat, light, household equipment, subsistence, and laundry service; and appropriations of the character used before March 5, 1928, for such purposes are hereby made available therefor: Provided, That the reasonable value of such allowances shall be determined and considered as part of the compensation in fixing the salary rate of such civilians. (Mar. 5, 1928, ch. 126, § 3, 45 Stat. 193.)

§ 75c. Allotment of pay by civilian personnel stationed abroad. -The heads of the executive departments and establishments

of the United States, under such regulations as they may prescribe, be, and are bereby, authorized to permit civilian officers and employees, during such time as they may be assigned for duty outside the continental limits of the United States, to make allotments, in whole or in part, from their pay, for the support of their families or relatives, for their own savings or for other similar purposes. (May 14, 1937, ch. 187, 50 Stat. 166.)

§ 76. Free tuition in District of Columbia schools for children of employees of United States.-The children of officers and men of the United States Army, Navy, and Marine Corps, and children of other employees of the United States stationed outside the District of Columbia shall be admitted to the public schools of the District of Columbia without payment of tuition. (June 12, 1940, ch. 333, § 1, 54 Stat. 319.)

§ 77. Restrictions on payment of expenses of carriages or vehicles for personal or official use.-No part of any money appropriated by any Act shall be used for purchasing, maintaining, driving, or operating any carriage or vehicle (other than those for the use of the President of the United States, the heads of the executive departments, and the Secretary to the President, and other than those used for transportation of property belonging to or in the custody of the United States), for the personal or official use of any officer or employee of any of the executive departments or other Government establishments at Washington, District of Columbia, unless the same shall be specifically authorized by law or provided for in terms by appropriation of money, and all such carriages and vehicles so procured and used for official purposes shall have conspicuously painted thereon at all times the full name of the executive department or other branch of the public service to which the same belong and in the service of which the same are used. (Mar. 18, 1904, ch. 716, § 3, 33 Stat. 142; Feb. 3, 1905, ch. 297, § 4, 33 Stat. 687.)

§ 77a. Restrictions on use of government owned or leased motor vehicles; exceptions; definition.-Any officer or employee of the Government who uses or authorizes the use of any Governmentowned motor-propelled passenger-carrying vehicle, or of any motor-propelled passenger-carrying vehicle leased by the Government, for other than official purposes or otherwise violates the provisions of this section shall be summarily removed from office. The limitations of this section shall not apply to any motor vehicles for official use of the President, the heads of the executive departments, Ambassadors, Ministers, charges d'affaires, and other principal diplomatic and consular officials.

"Official purposes" shall not include the transportation of officers and employees between their domiciles and places of employment, except in case of medical officers on out-patient medical services and except in cases of officers and employees engaged in field work the character of whose duties makes such transportation necessary and then only as to such latter cases when the same is approved by the head of the department or establishment concerned. (June 27, 1944, ch. 286, title II, § 202 (b), 58 Stat. 385.)

§ 78. Restrictions on payments for purchase or operation of passenger-carrying vehicles.-No appropriation made in any Act

shall be available for the purchase of any motor-propelled or horse-drawn passenger-carrying vehicle for the service of any of the executive departments or other Government establishments, or any branch of the Government service, unless specific authority is given therefor. There shall not be expended out of any appropriation made by Congress any sum for purchase, maintenance, repair, or operation of motor-propelled or horse-drawn passenger-carrying vehicles for any branch of the public service of the United States unless the same is specifically authorized by law. In the estimates for each fiscal year there shall be submitted in detail estimates for such necessary appropriations as are intended to be used for purchase, maintenance, repair, or operation of all motor-propelled or horse-drawn passenger-carrying vehicles, specifying the sums required, the public purposes for which said vehicles are intended, and the officials or employees by whom the same are to be used. (July 16, 1914, ch. 141, § 5, 38 Stat. 508.)

§ 80. Same; field work of Department of Agriculture.-Nothing in section 78 of this title shall be construed to apply to the hire of motor-propelled and horse-drawn passenger-carrying vehicles and motor boats necessary in the field work of the Department of Agriculture, or to the maintenance, repair, or operation of vehicles so hired. (Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313, 39 Stat. 491.)

§ 81. Same; vehicles transferred by Secretary of War to Secretary of Agriculture.

Section, act Mar. 15, 1920, ch. 100, § 6, 41 Stat. 531, applied only to section 5 of Title 23, Highways, and section 561 of Title 16, Conservation, the text of which sections is no longer carried in the United States Code.

§ 82. Officers in arrears.-No money shall be paid to any person for his compensation who is in arrears to the United States, until he has accounted for and paid into the Treasury all sums for which he may be liable. In all cases where the pay or salary of any person is withheld in pursuance of this section, the General Accounting Office, if required to do so by the party, his agent or attorney, shall report forthwith to the General Counsel for the Department of the Treasury the balance due; and the General Counsel shall, within sixty days thereafter, order suit to be commenced against such delinquent and his sureties. (R. S. 1766; June 10, 1921, ch. 18, 42 Stat. 23; May 10, 1934, ch. 277, § 512 (b), 48 Stat. 759.)

DERIVATION

Act Jan. 25, 1828, ch. 2, 4 Stat. 246; act May 20, 1836, ch. 77, 5 Stat. 31. § 83. Restrictions on paying fees or dues in societies.-No money appropriated by any Act shall be expended for membership fees or dues of any officer or employee of the United States or the District of Columbia in any society or association or for expenses of attendance of any person at any meeting or convention of members of any society or association, unless such fees, dues, or expenses are authorized to be paid by specific appropriations for such purposes or are provided for in express terms in some general appropriation. This section shall not be so construed as to prohibit the payment from the appropria

tions for the Department of Agriculture of expenses incidental to the delivery of lectures, the giving of instruction, or the acquiring of information at meetings by its employees on subjects relating to the work of the department authorized by law. (June 26, 1912, ch. 182, § 8, 37 Stat. 184; Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 145, 37 Stat. 854.)

§ 84. Annual or monthly compensation.-Where the compensation of any person in the service of the United States is annual or monthly the following rules for division of time and computation of pay for services rendered are established: Annual compensation shall be divided into twelve equal installments, one of which shall be the pay for each calendar month; and in making payments for a fractional part of a month one thirtieth of one of such installments, or of a monthly compensation, shall be the daily rate of pay. For the purpose of computing such compensation and for computing time for services rendered during a fractional part of a month in connection with annual or monthly compensation, each and every month shall be held to consist of thirty days, without regard to the actual number of days in any calendar month, thus excluding the 31st of any calendar month from the computation and treating February as if it actually had thirty days. Any person entering the service of the United States during a thirty-one day month and serving until the end thereof shall be entitled to pay for that month from the date of entry to the 30th day of said month, both days inclusive; and any person entering said service during the month of February and serving until the end thereof shall be entitled to one month's pay less as many thirtieths thereof as there were days elapsed prior to date of entry. For one day's unauthorized absence on the 31st day of any calendar month one day's pay shall be forfeited. (June 30, 1906, ch. 3914, § 6, 34 Stat. 763.)

§ 84a. Consent of United States to taxation of compensation of officers and employees of United States, Territories, etc.-The United States hereby consents to the taxation of compensation, received after December 31, 1938, for personal service as an officer or employee of the United States, any Territory or possession or political subdivision thereof, the District of Columbia, or any agency or instrumentality of any one or more of the foregoing, by any duly constituted taxing authority having jurisdiction to tax such compensation, if such taxation does not discriminate against such officer or employee because of the source of such compensation. (Apr. 12, 1939, ch. 59, Title I, § 4, 53 Stat. 575.)

CROSS REFERENCE

State, etc., taxation of income of residents of, or from transactions in, Federal areas, see section 14 of Title 4, Flag and Seal, Seat of Government, and the States.

§ 85. Compensation for clerks or secretaries of retired officials. -No allowance or compensation for clerks or secretaries of officials of the United States retired from active service shall be authorized. (July 1, 1898, ch. 546, § 1, 30 Stat. 644.)

§ 86. Holidays; for per diem employees.-The employees of the Navy Yard, Government Printing Office, Bureau of Printing and

Engraving, and all other per diem employees of the Government on duty at Washington, or elsewhere in the United States, shall be allowed the following holidays, to wit: The 1st day of January, the 22d day of February, the day of each year which is celebrated as "Memorial" or "Decoration Day," the 4th day of July, the 25th day of December, and such days as may be designated by the President as days for national thanksgiving. (Jan. 6, 1885, No. 5, 23 Stat. 516; Feb. 23, 1887, No. 6, 24 Stat. 644.)

REPEAL

As originally enacted this section also contained a provision relating to pay of employees for work on holidays. Said provision was repealed by act June 29, 1938, ch. 818, § 2, 52 Stat. 1247, which provided as follows: "The joint resolution of Jan. 6, 1885 (U. S. C., title 5, sec. 86), and all other laws inconsistent or in conflict with the provisions of this Act [section 86a of this title] are hereby repealed to the extent of such inconsistency or conflict."

§ 86a. Holidays of employees by day, hour, or piece; pay.Whenever regular employees of the Federal Government whose compensation is fixed at a rate per day, per hour, or on a piecework basis are relieved or prevented from working solely because of the occurrence of a holiday such as New Year's Day, Washington's Birthday, Memorial Day, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, or any other day declared a holiday by Federal statute or Executive order, or any day on which the departments and establishments of the Government are closed by Executive order, they shall receive the same pay for such days as for other days on which an ordinary day's work is performed. (June 29, 1938, ch. 818, § 1, 52 Stat. 1246.)

§ 87. Same; Labor Day.-The first Monday of September in each year, being the day celebrated and known as Labor's Holiday, is made a legal public holiday, to all intents and purposes, in the same manner as Christmas, the 1st day of January, the 22d day of February, the 30th day of May and the 4th day of July are now made by law public holidays. (June 28, 1894, ch. 118, 28 Stat. 96.)

§ 87a. Same; Armistice Day.-The 11th day of November in each year, a day to be dedicated to the cause of world peace and to be hereafter celebrated and known as Armistice Day, is hereby made a legal public holiday to all intents and purposes and in the same manner as the 1st day of January, the 22d day of February, the 30th day of May, the 4th day of July, the first Monday of September, and Christmas Day are now made by law public holidays. (May 13, 1938, ch. 210, 52 Stat. 351.)

§ 87b. Same; Thanksgiving Day. The fourth Thursday of November in each year after the year 1941 shall be known as Thanksgiving Day, and is hereby made a legal public holiday to all intents and purposes and in the same manner as the 1st day of January, the 22d day of February, the 30th day of May, the 4th day of July, the first Monday of September, the 11th day of November, and Christmas Day are now made by law public holidays. (Dec. 26, 1941, ch. 631, 55 Stat. 862.)

888. Removal of office.-Whenever any public office is removed by reason of sickness which may prevail in the town or city where