The Joint Committee on High License, composed of representatives of the Citizens' Committee on High License, the Church Temperance Society, and the Society for the Prevention of Crime, J: B. Pine, Secretary, 50 Pine St., New York, has issued a number of leaflets and circulars on behalf of High License and the reform of the Excise Laws. The Committee was superseded Jan. 14, 1891, by the formation of the Excise Reform Association, having a similar object. J: Jay Chapman, 49 Exchange Place, Secretary.

The U. S. Brewers' Assoc., New York, issue the following works by the Manager of their Literary Bureau, G. Thomann, gratis: Liquor Laws of the U. S., their Spirit and Effect; Colonial Liquor Laws; Reports of Temperance Congress held at Antwerp and Zurich; Alleged Adulterations of Malt Liquors; Inebriety and Crime; Real and Imaginary Effects of Intemperance; The Effects of Beer upon Those Who Make and Drink It; The Nation's Drink Bill, economically considered; The System of High Licenses, how it can be made successful; Solution of the Temperance Problem. Also, Papers on Prohibition, by G. C. Low; Intemperance in the Light of Cosmic Laws, by Dr. Bowditch; The Art of Drinking, by G. G. Gervinus; The Connection of Disease with Habits of Intemperance, by Brit. Medical Assoc.; Mistakes of Prohibitionists, by J: Mudie.

The leading English periodicals advocating total abstinence and prohibition are the Alliance News, Manchester, and National Temperance League's Annual, London; the latter reports the progress of the anti-liquor movement in Great Britain and dependencies.

The Original Package Case. C. Stuart Patterson. Annals Am. Acad. Pol. and Soc. Science, Phila., Oct., 1890.

POLITICAL SCIENCE:

GENERAL

WORKS.

Atkinson, W. P. The Study of Politics. Boston, Roberts Bros., 1888. 63 p. S. 50 c.

An introductory lecture delivered to the senior class at the Mass. Inst. of Technology. Burgess, J. W. Political Science and Comparative Constitutional Law. N. Y., Ginn & Co., 1891. 2 v. V. 1, Sovereignty and Liberty. 20+ 337 p. O. V. 2, Government. 20+404 p. O. $5.

An epoch-making work in the literature of political science. The State as sovereign organization of the Nation, is sharply distinguished from the Government. Government, to the author, is but one of the means through which the State attains its ends. The other means is liberty. V. I treats of the Nation and the State, as concepts of political science. Under the head of Constitutional law, the author describes the organization of sovereignty, of liberty and of government. The latter topic occupies v. 2. The typical constitutions selected for comparison are those of France, Germany, England and the United States. The author's method is historical and comparative. Author is Professor of Constitutional and International Law and History, and Dean of the University Faculty of Political Science, Columbia College.

Crane, W., and Moses, BERNARD. Politics; an introduction to the study of comparative constitutional law. N. Y., Putnam. 184 p. D. $1.50.

Lieber, FRANCIS. Civil Liberty and Self-Government. Ed. by Theodore D. Woolsey. Phila., Lippincott, 1874. 8°, $3.50.

Lieber, FRANCIS. Manual of Political Ethics. 2d ed., rev. by Theodore D. Woolsey. Phila., Lippincott, 1875. 2 v. 8°, $6.

These two works are sound and very able, but originally written nearly forty years ago, they are now out of date. The editor's revisions do not give illustrations of how abundantly history has borne out the author's main positions,

White, ANDREW D. European Schools of History and Politics. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins Univ. Series, 1887. 89 p. O. pap. 25 c.

A survey of the recent growth of this department of study in Germany, France, and Great Britain.

Wilson, WOODROW. The State; Elements of historical and practical politics. Bost., D. C. Heath & Co., 1889. 36+686 p. D. $2.

A sketch of Institutional History and Administration from ancient times to the present day. Suffers from taking a field too wide for the limits of a single volume. Theories not always carefully considered.

Woolsey, THEO. D. Political Science; or, The State, Theoretically and Practically Considered. N. Y., Scribner, 1889. Rev. ed. 2 v. 586+626 p. Ö. $5.

The best systematic treatise which can be mentioned. The historical portion of it embraces a great deal of instructive information about the history of political institutions. Bagehot, W. Physics and Politics. Thoughts on the application of the principles of " Natural Selection" and "Inheritance" to political society. N. Y., Appleton, 1876. 228 p. 12°, $1.50.

Applies the methods of natural science to some of the elementary problems of political science; it is to be highly recommended as opening up a new method of conceiving and treating the topics of political science.

Cairnes, J. E. Political Essays. Lond. and N. Y., Macmillan, 1873. 350 p. O. $2.50.

Comprising essays on colonization and colonial government, the revolution in America, international law, protection, free trade, etc.

Freeman, E. A. Comparative Politics.

To which is added The Unity of History. Lond. and N. Y., Macmillan, 1874. 7+522 p. O. $3.50.

Contains: Range of the Comparative Sciences; Greek, Roman, and Teutonic; The state; The king; The assembly.

Greg, W. R. Political Problems. Lond., Trübner, 1870. 342 p. D. IOS. 6d.

Discusses social and political questions from a conservative standpoint.

Harrison, F. Order and Progress. Part I, on Government; Part 2, on Studies of Political Crises. Lond., Longman, 1875. 8°, 14s.

Helps, ARTHUR. Thoughts upon Government. Bost., Roberts, 1872. 8°, $2.25.

Maine, Sir H: J. SUMNER. Popular Government. N. Y., Halt, 1886. 261 p. O. $2.75.

Four essays by the author of "Ancient Law," critical of democracy. He commends the safeguards of the Constitution of the United States.

Mill, J: S. Considerations on Representative Government. N. Y., Holt, 1875. 364 p. D. $2.

Well worth reading, although some of the topics discussed have lost their hold on public interest and attention.

Mill, J: S. On Liberty. N. Y., Holt, 1879. $1.25.

The classical work on the subject.

Morley, J: On Compromise. 2d ed. Lond. and N. Y., Macmillan, 1877. 10+227 p. O. $1.50.

An essay on the lines of Mill's Liberty, treating the question of compromise between principle and expediency.

Smith, BRUCE.

Liberty and Liberalism.

1888. 684 p. D. $2.25.

Lond. and N. Y., Longmans,

A protest against the alleged growing tendency toward undue interference by the State with individual liberty, private enterprise, and the rights of property.

Spencer, H. Social Statics; or, the Conditions Essential to Human Happiness. N. Y., Appleton, 1880. xviii+518 p. 8°, $2.

A very interesting and suggestive treatise; it is almost alone in the field it covers (elementary analysis and discussion of " rights"), but the author needs to rewrite it to adjust it to his own opinions at the present time. First published in 1850.

Stephen, FITZ JAMES. Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity. N. Y., Holt, 1882. $2.

A criticism of Mill's notions and an attempt to re-analyze them, and to give them greater precision.

of peace.

Twiss, Sir TRAVERS. The Law of Nations Considered as Independent Political Communities. Part 1, On the rights and duties of nations in time 2d ed. Lond. and N. Y., Macmillan, 1875. 60+620 p. O. $3.75. Janet, PAUL. Histoire de la science politique dans ses rapports avec la morale. Paris, F. Alcan, 1887. 2 v. 20 fr.

In many respects the best work on the subject.

Leroy-Beaulieu, PAUL. L'état moderne et ses fonctions. Paris, Guillaumin, 1890. 463 p. 8°.

Chiefly treats of the economic relations of the State. Author takes the Laissez-faire

view.

Montesquieu, M. DE S. The Spirit of Laws. Tr. by T: Nugent. Cincinnati, R. Clarke & Co., 1873. 2 v. 48+381, 12+445 p. D. $4.

Bluntschli, J. K.

Contains memoir of the life and writings of the author, and an analysis of the work by D'Alembert. Politik als Wissenschaft. Stuttgart, 1876. 8°. Bluntschli, J. K. Theory of the State. Tr. from the 6th German ed. by R. Lodge. Lond. and N. Y., Macmillan, 1885. 518 p. O. $3.25.

Humboldt, Baron W. von. The Sphere and Duties of Government. Tr. by Joseph Coulthard, Jr. Lond., J. Chapman, 1854. 15+ 203 p. D. 5s.

One of the most influential essays ever written on the limits of the activity of the state. Sources and Literature of Political Science, by Mr. G. H. Baker, is in preparation for the series in Systematic Political Science by the Univ. Faculty of Pol. Science, Columbia College, N. Y.

POLITICAL SCIENCE: HISTORY AND EARLY INSTITUTIONS. Lubbock, Sir J: Origin of Civilization, and the Primitive Condition of Man. N. Y., Appleton. 12°, $5.

Lubbock, Sir J: Prehistoric Times, as illustrated by ancient remains, and the manners and customs of modern savages. N. Y., Appleton. 8°, $5. Both the foregoing works are standard authorities.

McLennan, J: FERGUSON. Studies in Ancient History. Lond. ard N. Y., Macmillan, 1885. $4.

Comprises a reprint of "Primitive Marriage."

McLennan, J: FERGUSON. The Patriarchal Theory. Lond. and N. Y., Macmillan, 1885. 335 p. O. $4.

These two works tend to correct the one-sidedness of Maine's theory.

May, Sir T: ERSKINE. Democracy in Europe, a History. N. Y., A. C. Armstrong & Son, 1886. 2 v. cl. $2.50; hf. cf. $6.

Pollock, Sir F: Introduction to the History of the Science of Politics. Lond. and N. Y., Macmillan, 1890. 130 p. D. 2s. 6d. Also, N. Y., Humboldt Pub. Co., 1883. 50 p. O. pap. 15.c.

An outline covering the field of political science from Plato and Aristotle to J: S. Mill and Herbert Spencer.

Tylor, E. B. Primitive Culture. N. Y., Holt, 1877. 2 V. 502-468 p. O. $7.

Researches into the development of mythology, philosophy, religion, language, art and custom. One of the best authoritities.

Wilson, DANIEL.

Prehistoric Man; or, Researches into the Origin of Civilization. 3d ed. rev. and enl. Lond. and N. Y., Macmillan, 1880. 2 v. $8. History of the Origin of Representative Government A. R. Scoble. (Bohn's Standard Library.) Lond., G. 20+538 p. D. 3s. 6d.

Guizot, F. P: G. in Europe. Tr. by Bell & Sons, 1861.

Bluntschli, J. K.

Geschichte des Allgemeinen Staatsrechts und der Politik. Munich, J. G. Cotta, 1867. 667 p. O.

From Machiavelli to modern times. A most important treatise, especially with respect to the German literature of the subject.

Mohl, ROBERT v. Geschichte und Literatur der Staatswissenschaften. Erlangen, F. Enke, 1858.

A most important work, although now a little antiquated.

Waitz, T. Grundzüge der Politik. Göttingen [Kiel], 1862. 4.50 marks. Brief, but very satisfactory.

A History of Political Theories, by Mr. W: A. Dunning, is in preparation for the series in Systematic Political Science, by the Univ. Faculty of Pol. Science, Columbia College, N. Y.

In C: K. Adams' "Manual of Historical Literature" (N. Y., Harper, 1889, 39+720 p. O. $2.50) are capital brief descriptions of the most important histories in English, French, and German.

་་

See [under Land] Sir H. J. Sumner Maine's " Early History of Institutions" and Village Communities;" also, F: Seebohm's " English Village Community." The last is a most scholarly work, based on original investigation. It argues that the manor, not the mark system, was original and universal in England.

46

AMERICAN GOVERNMENT.

ELEMENTARY WORKS.

Among several excellent books for elementary study those of Fiske and Macy may be chosen as the best. The beginner can then take up with profit Wilson's Congressional Government" [Essays and Criticism]. Next Bryce, who is especially full in his analysis of State Governments. For a discussion of American institutions from the comparative standpoint, Burgess [Political Science, General Works] is for advanced students the best author. The most important commentaries on the Federal Constitution are Story's, as edited by Cooley [Advanced Works]; "The

Constitutional History of the United States, as seen in the development of American law," is valuable in this connection [American Political and Constitutional History.] The reader who wishes to understand the English Constitution, so as to compare it with that of the United States, will find the best works to be those of Hannis Taylor, Bagehot, and Stubbs.

Alden, J. Science of Government in connection with American institutions. N. Y., Sheldon & Co., 1876. 304 p. D. $1.

An elementary text-book on political science and the constitutional law of the United States. Out of date.

Alton, EDMUND. Among the Lawmakers. N. Y., Scribner, 1886. 12+ 308 p. D. $2.50.

Bowker, R: R.

Author when a boy was page in U. S. Senate. Describes the three Departments of the general Government in an interesting way. A book for youths. Primer for Political Education. Economic tract, no. N. Y., Society for Political Education, 1886. 42 p. D. pap. 15 c. Clement, R. E.

21.

Lovell & Co., 1888.

Civil Government in the United States. N. Y., A. 232 p. D. $1.

Studies of the Federal Constitution, arranged for use in public schools. Cocker, W. J. The Government of the United States. N. Y., Harper, 1889. 274 p. S. 72 c.

A clear and concise introductory text-book.

Constitution of the United States, Declaration of Independence, and Articles of Confederation. Phila., T. & J. W. Johnson & Co., 1887. 46 p. D. pap. 10 c.

Dawes, ANNA LAURENS. How We Are Governed: an explanation of the constitution and government of the United States. Boston, D. Lothrop Co., 1885. 423 p. D. $1.50.

Fiske, J: Civil Government in the United States, considered with some reference to its origins. N. Y., Houghton, Mifflin & Co., 1890. 360 p. D. $1.

A concise manual, historical in method, bringing out the relationships of the subject distinctly, and referring to more elaborate treatises, monographs, and documents for those who wish to pursue the study at greater length. Questions are appended to each chapter. Eminently adapted to use in schools as a text-book.

Flanders, H. Exposition of the Constitution of the United States. 4th ed. rev. Phila., T. & J. W. Johnson & Co., 1885. 318 p. D. $1.25.

Compact and accurate. Suitable as a text-book for advanced pupils.

Ford, WORTHINGTON C., ed. American Citizen's Manual. N. Y., Putnam, 1886. 334 p. D. $1.25.

Part 1, Governments (National, State, and Local), the Electorate, and the Civil Service. Part 2, The Functions of Government, considered with special reference to taxation and expenditure, the regulation of commerce and industry, provision for the poor and insane, the management of the public lands, etc. Clear, simple, and comprehensive. Author argues for free trade and gold standard.

Furey, FRANCIS T.

An Explanation of the Constitution of the United States. N. Y., Catholic Pub. Soc. Co., 1889. 156 p. D. bds. 50 c.

Prepared for use in Catholic schools, academies, and colleges.

Giffin, W. M. Civics for Young Americans. N. Y., A. Lovell & Co., 1888. 117 p. D. 60 c.

A brief description of our government. with an explanation of the important clauses of the Constitution.