6. Name the chief rivers of North America, and the most important towns on the banks of each.

7. Write a geographical description of either

or

describing their physical features, boundaries, climate, productions, inhabitants, &c.

8. Mention any remarkable points (1) of resemblance, (2) of contrast, between Africa and Europe, as regards their physical geography. Another paper:—

(Time allowed 21 hours.)

1. On the accompanying map of Europe insert the names of the seas, islands, chief bays, and headlands; trace the course of the Tagus, Loire, Volga, Tornea, Po, Rhine, Rhoue, Dniester; and the line of the Alps, Balkan, Grampian, Carpathian, and Oural mountains; and mark the position of Stockholm, Berlin, St. Petersburgh, Ratisbon, Lyons, Lisbon, Constantinople, Athens, Naples, Cologne, Odessa, Copenhagen.

2. Name in order the countries and the most important towns through which a traveller would pass in going from Berlin to Naples; and mention any objects of special interest which he might see.

3. Describe as minutely as you can the position of the following places, and mention any circumstances of interest which attach to them: -Marseilles, Palermo, Leghorn, Jaffa, Herat, Simla, New Orleans, Paraguay, Aden, Lhassa, Quito.

4. From what countries are the following articles imported in the greatest quantities into England:-Tea, sugar, corn, timber, tobacco?

5. Name the chief rivers which flow into the Mediterranean, and the chief towns on the banks of each.

6. Write a minute description of either France or Egypt-its physical geography, products, population, &c.

7. What are the chief points of contrast between the physical geography of Europe and that of Asia? Trace the effect of the differences on the character of their inhabitants.

8. On the accompanying map of Scotland, insert the names of the chief harbours and headlands; trace the course of any four important rivers, and mark the position of any six important towns.

Another paper :

(Time allowed, 3 hours.)

1. On the accompanying map of Europe insert the names of the seas, islands, chief bays, and headlands; trace the course of the Loire, Po, Drave, Rhone, Spree, Adige, Dnieper, Guadalquivir; and mark the position of Trieste, Palermo, Rotterdam, Nice, Vienna, Hanover, Pesth, Constantinople, Prague, Gallipoli, Corunna, Genoa, Cape St. Vincent, Athens.

2. On the accompanying map of Scotland or Ireland insert the names of the principal lochs, bays, harbours, rivers, and headlands, and of ten of the most important towns.

3. Name in order the countries and most important towns through which a traveller would pass in going from Paris to Vienna, and mention any objects of special interest he might see.

4. What is meant by a strait? Describe the position of any you remember, mentioning the countries which they separate.

5. Describe as accurately as you can the position of the Gulf of Mexico, Bight of Benin, Hudson's Bay, Barbadoes, Java, Luffoden Isles, the Pyrenees, Hindoo Koosh, and Rocky Mountains.

6. Name the chief rivers and lakes of North America, describing as well as you can the courses of the former, and mentioning the most important towns on their banks, and where they flow into the sea. 7. Write a geographical description of either Denmark or Switzerland, describing its physical features, boundaries, climate, productions, inhabitants, &c.

8. Describe as minutely as you can the position of the following places, and mention any circumstances of interest connected with any of them :-Ehrenbreitstein, Bunker's Hill, Komorn, Pitcairn's Island, Delhi, Toulon, Moultan, St. Jean d'Acre.

Another paper :

(Time allowed, 3 hours.)

1. On the accompanying map of Europe insert the names of the seas, gulfs, straits, and capes; mark the line of the principal mountain ranges; trace the course of the Vistula, Danube, Po, Dwina, Loire, and Tagus; and mark the position of Cadiz, Bergen, Venice, Moscow, Palermo, Antwerp, Nice, Nantes, Strasburg, Warsaw, Silistria, Burgos, Archangel, Hamburgh, and Dantzic.

2. Write a description of either

divisions, climate, physical features, products, inhabitants, &c. 3. On the accompanying map of England insert the names of the leading mountain peaks, naval and military stations, bays and lakes; trace the course of the four principal rivers, marking the positions of the leading towns on their banks.

4. Mention six of the leading colonial possessions of Great Britain; state how and when they were acquired, and how they are governed. What are their principal exports to this country?

5. Sketch a map of Hindostan, marking the principal mountain ranges, rivers, gulfs, and seas; and insert the names of Calcutta, Bombay, Madras, Delhi, Agra, Hyderabad, Pondicherry, Goa, and Benares. 6. Describe the overland mail route from London to Sydney, mentioning any objects of special interest in the countries and towns on the line.

7. How is Asia bounded? What are its political divisions?

What are

the general features of the continent as compared with those of Europe?

8. Describe as minutely as you can the position of the following places, and mention any circumstances of interest which attach to any of them:-Cape Race, Santarem, Herat, Rangoon, Ottawa, Hobart Town, Aden, Penzance, Chamouni, Lake Aral, Otaheite, Maynooth, Inverness.

9. Estimate roughly the latitude and longitude of any four of the places above mentioned.

Questions set to Candidates for Clerkships in the Office of the Committee of Council on Education.

Note to Candidate. In this examination Geography is not prescribed, but may be selected by any candidate who has "made it his especial study," with a view of displaying his industry and intelligence.

1. Supposing yourself to sail round Great Britain, starting from Dover northward, describe briefly the chief features of the coast.

2. Descending the Danube from its source to the Black Sea, mention the states through which it flows, and the chief places of interest on its banks.

3. Draw a map

Of the Black Sea, and the Sea of Azoff.

Of the Baltic.

Of the Persian Gulf.

(One of the maps must be chosen.)

4. Write a letter describing the overland route to Calcutta via Marseilles. 5. Two ships meet in 15° 55′ South lat. and 5° 44′ West long. In what part of the world would they be?

6. Describe the four great water-systems into which North America is divided by its natural conformation.

7. Draw a map of New Holland, assigning their proper position to the British colonies on that island.

8. Enumerate the several states which form the confederation of the United States of America, distinguishing Free from Slave States. 9. In what degrees of latitude and longitude are London, Paris, Petersburgh, Vienna, Rome, Constantinople, Kars, Teheran, Herat, Bushire, Singapore, Canton, and Pekin?

10. Describe the mountain chains which form the frontier of the Indian Peninsula on the North and West, and mention the chief passes which lead from India into Turkistan and Persia.

11. Where are the Straits of Belle Isle, the Straits of Yenikale, the Straits of Magellan, Cook's Straits, Bass' Straits, and Torres Straits?

12. Mention any lakes or seas which have no outlet; and explain the causes of the phenomenon.

13. Describe minutely any one of the volcanic regions of the earth. 14. Write a full description of any one of the following countries, its physical geography, climate, productions, inhabitants, &c. &c.— Sweden, Mexico, New Zealand, the Brazils.

15. State any remarkable phenomena regarding the currents of the ocean in different places.

Questions set to Candidates for the situation of Unpaid

Attache,

Who are required to show a knowledge of "so much of M'Culloch's Geographical Dictionary as relates to the country to which they are about to proceed."

GEOGRAPHY, HISTORY, AND STATISTICS OF SWITZERLAND.

1. Into how many cantons is Switzerland divided? Name them, giving

their principal towns, and stating what language is ordinarily employed in each of them respectively.

2. State the population of Switzerland, and what proportion of it consists of Roman Catholics.

In which cantons especially do the Protestant inhabitants form a majority?

3. Describe accurately the course of the river Aar, mentioning its chief tributaries on either bank. What other rivers of importance have their sources in Switzerland?

4. Draw a map of Switzerland, giving in the margin the heights of the principal mountains.

5. What are the principal manufactures of Switzerland? Under what advantages and disadvantages are they carried on?

6. What are the laws and customs prevalent in Switzerland with regard to the division of property?

7. What is the form of government now established in Switzerland; and when was it placed on its present footing?

How is the Federal Assembly composed, and where are its meetings held?

8. What course has been adopted by the Swiss government with regard to public education?

Another paper :-*

GEOGRAPHY AND STATISTICS OF PRUSSIA.

1. Enumerate the provinces and regencies into which Prussia is divided, and mention some of the chief towns in each.

2. Describe the position of the chief sea-ports of Prussia, and the course of her principal rivers.

3. What are the most important mineral products of Prussia, and in what provinces respectively are they found?

4. State approximately the population of Prussia and of Berlin, the number of the Prussian regular army, and the Prussian contingent to the Germanic Confederation.

5. At what annual cost is the Prussian army maintained? State the regulations with regard to the Prussian landwehr.

6. Explain fully the nature of the important change which was introduced in the tenure of land in the year 1811, and its effects both present and probable. What was the state of the law regarding landed property previous to the change?

7. What are the present regulations concerning the collection of duties on imports in Prussia, and how do they affect the internal trade of the country?

8. Mention the most important imports and exports of Prussia, and give a rough estimate of their value.

9. Give an outline of the constitution promulgated by the King of Prussia in December 1848. To what extent has it since been carried out?

Another paper:

GEOGRAPHY AND STATISTICS OF SWEDEN.

1. Mention the three principal divisions of Sweden and the Governments into which they are subdivided. What is the population of Sweden, and its area, as compared with that of England?

2. Describe the most striking features in the physical geography of Sweden, mentioning particularly the position of its four principal lakes, and the situation and course of its four largest rivers.

3. Describe the system of the "Gotha Navigation." What were the difficulties in its construction, and how were they surmounted? 4. What districts in Sweden are most favourable to Agriculture? Describe the state of agricultural progress, the principal products, the rate of wages, and the manner in which the arable surface of the land is divided.

5. From what sources is the revenue of Sweden derived, and what is its approximate amount? How does the 5 per cent assessment on the annual value of estates operate?

6. Describe, as accurately as you can, the position of the following places:- Helsingborg, Linkopping, Ionkopping, Tornea, Wanas, Waxholm, Upsala, Carlscrona, Christianstad, Bornholm.

7. What religions prevail among the Swedes ? To what extent is religious toleration carried?

8. Explain the terms hemman, läus häsere, fogderier, indelta, kronofogde, hoerades, rixdollars banco, ricks-geld-dollar.

9. Give the dates of the battles of Pultowa and Lutzen; and of the reigns of Gustavus Adolphus, Gustavus Vasa, Charles XII., and Marshal Bernadotte, and mention briefly the most important events in the history of Sweden connected with these names.

GEOGRAPHY, STATISTICS, &c. OF PORTUGAL.

1. Fill up the accompanying map of Portugal as completely as you can, with special reference to the natural features of the country.

2. Enumerate the chief coins, weights, and measures in use in Portugal, with the English equivalents.

3. At what time and under what circumstances did Portugal become an independent kingdom?

4. At what period was Portugal most powerful? What causes can be assigned for (1) the rise, (2) the fall of its power?

5. What is the nature of the Portuguese constitution, and what changes has it undergone during the last 50 years?

6. What do you know of Vasgo de Gama, Camoens, Marquis de Pombal ? 7. With what countries does Portugal chiefly trade, and what are the chief articles of export and import?

8. Enumerate the foreign dependencies of Portugal, and describe their position.

9. What are the chief vegetable, animal, and mineral products of Portugal ? and what changes are requisite in order to increase them?

10. State roughly the population of the country. What is the character of the inhabitants, and to what causes may it be attributed?