Having come through the draw, follow in midchannel for about 11⁄2 mile and round a bend to the south. Favor the west shore slightly and round a bend to the east.

Favor the south bank until within 300 yards of the next sharp bend where the north bank should be followed closely to avoid a 512foot (1.7 m) shoal in midstream northwest of the point on the south bank.

When this point is abeam, follow around the bend in midchannel and keep close to the west bank for 200 yards to the next sharp turn to the northeast. Favor the south and east bank until midway to the next point. Cross to the west bank and follow a row of old pilings to the next bend at Horse Landing.

Pass the small wharf on the north shore in midstream and favor the west bank to the next bend. Round the turn in midchannel, hauling slowly over to the north bank before reaching the next sharp bend to the south. Keep well over toward the west bank to avoid a 2-foot (0.6 m) shoal in midstream in the short reach to the south.

Continue to follow the outside of 11 bends for about two miles until about 2 mile below Piney Bluff Landing. A 5-foot (1.5 m) shoal lies in midstream 150 yards north of the point. The shoal can be avoided by following close to the west bank.

Immediately above Piney Bluff Landing pass to the south of the small island in midstream and to the west of the next island about 450 yards beyond.

There is a large shoal which has a least depth of 7 feet (2.1 m) in midstream just beyond the next turn above the second island. Deeper water will be found close to either bank.

At the entrance to Crescent Lake pass about 50 yards to the west of Dunn Creek Bar Light No. 1. Haul to the southeast and pass about 50 yards to the east of Dunn Creek Bar Light No. 2. A depth of 7 feet (2.1 m) will be encountered between these two lights.

Crescent Lake is about 11 miles long and has a maximum width of about 2 miles. The general depth is between 12 and 15 feet (3.7 and 4.6 m), gradually shoaling toward shore. There are no periodic tides in the lake, the range in Dunns Creek becoming zero near its end. Sudden squalls in the lake cause a chop dangerous to small boats.

Crescent City is on the west side of the lake about 61⁄2 miles from the north end. There are several small wharves used by fishing boats and a protected basin for small pleasure craft. The town has railroad communication and supplies, ice and gasoline can be obtained. There is a marine railway for small craft.

There is a mole and a small slip on the eastern shore of Cresent Lake at Shell Bluff where railroad ties are loaded on barges to be towed to Palatka and Jacksonville.

A depth of 5 feet (1.5 m) can be taken into Haw Creek at the head of Cresent Lake.

Directions. From a position about 50 yards east of Dunn Creek Bar Light No. 2 steer 151° true (SSE. % E. mag.) for 3.3 miles to pass 100 yards to the east of Weidenoch Point Light No. 4. Continue on course for 1.2 miles to Carls Point Light No. 6.

Pass 100 yards east of the light and steer 160° true (S. by E. % E. mag.) for 1 mile until the next point is reached. Then follow the

west shore of the lake at a distance of about 400 yards to Crescent City.

A drawbridge with a clear opening 89 feet wide crosses the river at Buffalo Bluff, 934 miles above Palatka.

Welaka is a village on the east side of the river 18 miles above Palatka. Gasoline and fresh water can be secured at the docks. There is a depth of 9 feet (2.7 m) at the face of the docks. The village has telephone, telegraph, and surfaced road connections and two hotels. Supplies are obtainable. There is a small marine railway capable of hauling out small fishing boats. Local fishermen capable of rendering pilot service to Silver Springs and Eustis can be found here.

Oklawaha River has its source in the system of large lakes in the central part of the peninsula of Florida and flows in a general northerly direction, then eastwardly, emptying into the St. Johns River 22 miles above Palatka. The extreme head of the system may be taken as Lake Apopka, 120 miles above the mouth of the river.

The river is extremely tortuous and obstructed by shoals, and the upper part above Silver Springs Run by hyacinths and eel grass. Improvements are in progress to obtain a channel 5 feet (1.8 m) deep for a distance of 46 miles from St. Johns River to the mouth of Silver Springs Run and 6 miles up the latter to the village of Silver Springs, 4 feet (1.2 m) deep from the mouth of Silver Springs Run to Leesburg, 87 miles from St. Johns River, which is the head of steamboat navigation, and the construction of a lock and dam at Moss Bluff to retain the water level in Lake Griffin. The lock and dam were completed in 1925.

In 1935, the controlling depths at extreme low stages were 3.8 feet (1.2 m) from the mouth of the river to Silver Springs Run, thence 1.5 feet (0.4 m) to Moss Bluff, thence 4 feet (1.2 m) to Starkes Ferry, and thence 3 feet (0.9 m) to Leesburg.

Snags are liable to be encountered by boats. Leesburg and Silver Springs have railroad communication. There is a downstream current in the river of about 1 knot. A pilot for the river can be obtained at Palatka, East Palatka, and sometimes at Welaka.

Georgetown is a post office and village on the east bank of the river at the north end of Lake George. Gasoline and fresh water can be secured at the two good wharves. There is a marine railway capable of hauling out small fishing boats.

The

Astor is a village with railroad communication 5 miles above Lake George and 4211⁄2 miles above Palatka. Gasoline and some provisions are obtainable here, but there are no docks at which a boat can lie. A highway bridge crosses the river at Astor. draw span is a hand-moved swing truss with a horizontal clearance of 90 feet on either side of the central pier. The vertical clearance, closed, is 912 feet (2.8 m) at mean low water.

DeLand Landing, 15 miles above Astor and 20 miles above Lake George, is the river landing for DeLand, a city of a population of 5,246, 2 miles to the eastward. There is a good dock at the landing and fresh water and gasoline are obtainable. There is paved road connection to DeLand.

Beresford is a small village and landing at the north end of Lake Beresford. It is reported that a draft of 6 feet (1.8 m) can be taken to the dock.

Wekiva River, 75 miles above Palatka, is reported navigable for boats of 4-foot (1.2 m) draft for a distance of about 2 miles above its mouth, and of 2-foot (0.6 m) draft to Wekiva Spring, a winter resort 15 miles above the mouth. The river is little used. Two bridges of fixed span cross the river. The highway bridge, 7 miles from the St. Johns River, has a horizontal clearance of 25 feet (7.6 m), and a vertical clearance of 12 feet (3.7 m) at mean high water. The Atlantic Coast Line Railway bridge, 1 mile beyond the highway bridge, has a horizontal clearance of 40 feet (12.2 m) and a vertical clearance of 15 feet (4.6 m) at mean high water.

Sanford, with a population of 10,100 in 1930, is an important town and railroad center on the south side of Lake Monroe and in the heart of the Florida celery district. Four river-steamer lines operate between Sanford and Jacksonville, with daily connection. Celery and citrus fruits are shipped in great quantities. Provisions, ice, gasoline, and Diesel oil are obtainable at Sanford. Excellent hotel accommodations are available. There is an excellent city dock with a depth of 8 feet (2.4 m) at its face. Greater depths are found at the commercial docks. Fresh water is obtainable at the city dock and the commercial docks.

There are no facilities for hauling out or repairing boats in Sanford, but there is a small boat-repair yard and yacht storage house in the river about three miles east of Sanford and above Lake Monroe. There is a vertical lift dock capable of handling from 50 to 65 tons and a draft of 6 feet (1.8 m). There is paved-road connection between this yard and Sanford. Yachts intending to remain some time at Sanford usually lie here to avoid the rough water of Lake Monroe along the face of the docks.

DIRECTIONS, PALATKA TO SANFORD (LAKE MONROE)

The river is not difficult to navigate and should be fairly easy to the stranger if care is exercised and attention paid to the chart and to these directions.

Continue on course through the bridges for 250 yards and then haul to the southeastward and steer 146° true (SE. 7% S. mag.) for 11⁄2 mile, passing 250 yards northeast of Upper Palatka Light No. 70. When this light comes on range with a large dome-shaped incinerator to the west, haul to eastward and steer 108° true (ESE. 12 E. mag.) for 3 mile passing 100 yards south of a shoal marked by two fish traps. Continue on course until Devils Elbow Light No. 72 is abeam, distant 150 yards.

Then change course to 54° true (NE. 34 E. mag.) for 3 mile until within 100 yards of the north bank. Keep this distance off shore around Devils Elbow and past the docks at East Palatka. There is a small lumber mill at East Palatka.

An 11-foot (3.4 m) shoal is found in midstream opposite the mouth of Mill Branch which enters from the east. The shoal can be 20712°-36-16

avoided by favoring the row of piling on the northeast side of the river.

Favor the east bank and past midway between Rawlestown Light No. 74 and the east shore. The aerial wire crossing at Rollestown, 214 miles above Palatka, has a vertical clearance of 160 feet (49 m) at mean low water.

Round Rawlestown Light No. 74 and favor the west bank at a distance of 200 yards for 12 mile to avoid the 8-foot (2.4 m) shoal in midstream. After rounding the curve to the left, stand in midstream and pass about 150 yards eastward of San Mateo Light No. 76. The controlling depth of the next section of the river to Turkey Island is 9 feet (2.7 m) at mean low water and this depth is found in several places.

Rounding San Mateo Light No. 76, haul south-southwestward to pass about 100 yards off the docks at the south end of San Mateo; then favor the south shore for a distance of 11⁄2 miles, passing about 150 yards northwestward of Edgewater Grove Light No. 55 at Edgewater, until abeam of the mouth of Cross Creek, the first stream opening on the south side; then haul to pass about 150 yards off the point on the north shore, and then steer to pass about 50 yards south of Crescent Lake Light No. 78.

Haul slowly to the northwest and pass about 50 yards off the ruins of an old wharf on the north shore. A shoal, with a least depth of 8 feet (2.4 m) at mean low water, makes out from the south bank opposite this wharf for a distance of 250 yards.

When about 100 yards past the ruined wharf haul sharply to the west and pass about 50 yards south of Horseshoe Light No. 80. Haul slowly to the northwest to pass about midway between Murphy Island Light No. 57 and the shore to the northeastward.

Favor the bend for about 100 yards and then haul southwestward to pass about 100 yards of the west side of the point on the north shore of Murphys Island and favor that shore until beyond the small docks.

When south of Horse Shoe Point, haul to the north shore and follow it around the curve at a distance of about 100 yards, passing about 100 yards northward of Murphy Island South Light No. 59. Continue until about 300 yards west of a fish house and some stakes to the southward of it.

There is an old wreck of a river boat near the shore 430 yards southwestward of Murphy Island South Light No. 59 and to the eastward of a small wooded island. Keep 100 yards to the westward of this island and the same distance off the south and east shore and passing Murphy Island Light No. 80A at distance of about 100 yards. This light stands on the southeast side of a shoal in midriver. There is a least depth of 1 foot (0.3 m) on the shoal at mean low water. There is a small lumber mill on the west bank of Murphys Creek just inside the mouth.

When about 200 yards beyond Murphy Island Light No. 80A, and about half way to the mouth of Murphys Creek, haul to the north shore again and follow it at a distance of about 100 yards to the draw of the railroad bridge at Buffalo Bluff. This bridge has a swing type draw through which the horizontal clearance in the north open

DIRECTIONS

237 ing is 95 feet (29.0 m). The vertical clearance is 8.3 feet (2.5 m) at mean low water when closed.

After passing through the draw follow in midstream for 1/4 mile and then favor the east bank until due west of a small wharf on the east shore. Haul sharply to southward and head for Buffalo Bluff Light No. 82, leaving the broad opening to the eastward. The deepest water is found 25 yards west of this beacon.

Follow the western shore at a distance of about 100 yards for about 1/4 mile and then favor the eastern shore for another 1/4 mile, keeping 100 yards off the bank.

The river bends to the southwest here and a broad flat shoal extends across the entire width of the stream. The deepest water, 9 feet (2.7 m) at mean low water, will be found exactly in the middle of the stream, with depths of 8 feet (2.4 m), at mean low water, close by on each side.

When the north end of the north one of the two islands on the west side of the river comes into view, cross toward the south end of this island and follow close to a row of piling. Continue on past Stokes Island, keeping about 100 yards to the east of it and head to pass about 50 yards west of Rose Creek Light No. 61.

When abeam, haul slowly out toward midstream and continue until opposite the south end of Trout Island. Head for a group of piles on the east shore in the bight. A shoal, which should be avoided, makes out from the east bank.

When about 1/4 mile south of Trout Creek, haul to the west bank and favor it at a distance of about 100 yards, passing the same distance off the ruined wharf and trestle at Horse Landing and the same distance to westward of Horse Landing Light No. 63.

From a position about 300 yards northwest of the mouth of Camp Branch, haul to the eastward and favor the north bank around the next bend.

Continue in midstream past a wharf with a clock tower on it on the east bank. Hold in midchannel until off the ruined docks at Nashua. There is a clubhouse and a good wharf at Satsuma.

A large shoal, with a reported least depth of 4 feet (1.2 m), has built out from the east bank south of Nashua. There was a stake on this shoal in February 1935.

Keep within 100 yards of the west bank for 11⁄2 mile until within 200 yards of Nashua Light No. 84, and then cross to the east side of the river, passing 100 yards north of the light.

Keep within 75 yards of the east bank until the north one of the two Buzzard Islands is abeam to starboard. Do not attempt to go through the passage to the northward of these islands.

Beyond Buzzard Island follow the south shore at a distance of about 100 yards and round the sharp point westward of Welaka Spring well to the west side of the river, and then haul eastward to pass about 100 yards south of the point. Snags and broken stakes were visible (February 1935) on the midriver shoal on the south side of the channel southwestward of this point. Keep about 100 yards off the east bank until about 1/4 mile beyond Welaka.

Walaka Light No. 84A stands on the south end of the 5-foot (1.5 m) shoal in midriver opposite the southern end of the village.