Book II 570 And thus adorn'd with gawdy Pomp and Show, Goes thro' our Towns, and as fhe paffes thro', The VULGAR fear, and all with Rev'rence bow. Concerning her FOND SUPERSTITION frames A thousand odd Conceits, a thousand Names; NOTES. " And Crowns or Garlands, which it | Life of all Things is preferv'd was the Custom to give, as To- by the Affiftance of the Earth. kens or Badges of Honour, to III Rhea, from pw, to flow, fuch as had diftinguish'd them- because the Earth abounds with felves in any Action, or done all good Things. IV. Berecynany fignal Service to the Repub-thia, from Berecynthus, a Caftle lick. Among the reft there was of Phrygia, on the Banks of the the Corona Muralis, the Mural River Sagaris, or a Hill of PhryCrown, which was given by the gia of the fame Name, near the Emperour, or General of an River Marfyas. V. Vefta, à Army, to him who firft fcal'd vehendo, because the Poets the Walls of a Town that was feign'd her to be carry'd in a befieg'd. It was made of Gold, Chariot. VI. Peffinuntia, from and had Spikes that imitated the Peffinus,a City of Phrygia where Battlements or Pinnacles of fhe was honour'd. VII. Fauna, Walls and Towers. Ovid, in à favendo, because the Earth is the Place above cited, gives the beneficial to all Animals. VIII. fame Reason why the Antients Fatua, à fando, because, as the crown'd the Image of the Earth fame Macrobius fays, Infants newith a Mural Crown: ver fpeak till they can fet their Feet to the Earth. IX. Pales, becaufe fhe was the Goddess Paftorum & Pabulorum, of Shepherds and Pafturage. X.Dindyme & Dindymene, from Dindymus, a Mountain of Phrygia. Virgil. -Turrifera caput eft onerata figura: An primis turres urbibus illa dedit? Alma Parens Idea Deum, cui En, 10. V. 252. 574. A thousand Names] Cybele, the Mother of the Gods, was Daughter of Minos, King of Crete, and Wife of Saturn. The Antients call'd her by feveral Names. I. Cybele, either from Cybelus, a Hill in Phrygia, where in her Infancy fhe was ex- XI. Idea Mater, from Ida, a pos'd to wild Beafts; or from Hill and Town of the fame xubber, which fignifies to throw Name in Phrygia, where her and fet upon the Head, becaufe Rites were firft inftituted. XII. of the frequent Turning and fan- Phrygia Mater; because the was taftick Motions of their Heads, generally worship'd throughout which her Priests were oblig'd that Countrey." But Faber to obferve and practise in her on this Paffage of Lucretius Rites and Ceremonies: And 'tis gives another Etymology to probable she had this Name from thefe two laft Names of the both; for the Greeks call'd her Great Mother, and diffents from Kubian, and Kub Cn. II. Ops: all others, and even from Luquod ipfius auxilio vita conftet, cretius himself. These are his fays Macrobius: because the Words: "Io fignifies moun tainous 575 And give her a large Train of PHRYGIAN Dames: Because in PHRYGIA Corn at first took Birth, And thence was fcatter'd o'er the other Earth: They eunuch all her Priefts, from whence 'tis fhewn, That they deserve no Children of their own, 580 Who or abuse their Sires, or disrespect, Or treat their MOTHERS with a cold Neglect; NOTES. Their tainous and woody Places, as we, and to them King Attalus gave find in Hefychius,Euftathius,and the Image of the Idæan Mother, Herodotus in Melpomene, Sect. which they brought into the 259. Whence' In is us'd to figni- City: And this was only a fy Wood or Timber for build-rough unpolish'd Stone, which ing. Now Men firft fed upon the Phrygians worship'd for the Acorns; the Oak was their Idean Mother. T. Liv. Lib. 2. Storehouse, and fupply'd them Ovid. Faft. 4. with Provifions, from hence therefore the Mother of the Gods was call'd Idea. But after the Ufe of Wheat was invented, fhe was call'd, guya, Phrygia; for they were wont, φρύγειν, το parch their Wheat. We may obferve that Lucretius fays, thefe Appellations were given herfrom the antient Ceremonies of her Confulitur Poean: Divumque accerfite Matrem, Inquit; in Idao eft invenienda Mittuntur Proceres: Phrygiæ jugo: tunc Sceptra tenebat Attalus, &c. 575. Phrygian Dames] Phrygiafque catervas-Dant Comites, fays Lucretius; and with our Tranflatour's Leave, he should not have made them all Women; for no Doubt but both Sexes affifted at the Proceffion. Fayus is as much mistaken the other way; they were regular and arm'd for he calls them Legions; as if Myfteries: To which I add out fhould we be the worfe, if we 576. Phrygia] i. e. dry or 578. They eunuch, &c.] The Priefts of Cybele were call'd Galli, from Gallus a River of Phrygia; of whofe Waters they had no fooner rafted, than they were feiz'd with Madnefs, and made Their Mothers, whom they should adore.. Amidst her Pomp fierce DRUMS and CYMBALS beat, And the hoarfe HORNS with rattling Notes do threat. 585 The PIPE with PHRYGIAN Airs disturbs their Souls, Till, Reafon overthrown, mad Paffion rules. NOTE S. made Eunuchs of themselves. This Story, how ftrange and ridiculous foever it may feem, is related by St. Jerome. And Tertullian in Apologetico, Sect. 25, calls the venerable and reverend High-Priest of this Goddefs, Archigallus, Archeunuch. See more of them in Ovid, Faft. 4. where he calls them Semi-mares, Half-men. 582. Their Mothers, &c.] He bestows Divinity on the Mothers, of whom we puny Creatures are born; and afferts, that the Children who are guilty of Undutifulness or Impiety towards their Parents, are unworthy to be Parents themselves. They Pleas'd with the Sound, the gain, (flain. The Mafter faw the Madness rife, His glowing Cheeks, his ardent And while he Heav'n and Earth Chang'd his Hand, and check'd his Pride. A Mufician in Denmark by the fame Art, enrag'd King Ericius even to the ftriking of all his 585. The Pipe, &c.] The Friends about him: PythagoPhrygian Mufick was a Sort of ras taught a Woman to ftop by Enthufiaftick Harmony, and ve- the fame Means the Fury of a ry proper to excite the Paffions Young Man, who came to fet her of the Mind, and to fwell the Houfe on Fire; and his Scholar Soul to Rage and Fury. Macro- Empedocles hinder'd another bius in his fecond Book on the from murdering his Father, when Dream of Scipio, chap. 3. fpeak- the Sword was drawn for that ing of the Power and Force of Purpose: The Fiercenefs even Mufick, fays: Ita omnis habitus of the Nature of Achilles was alanimæ cantibus gubernatur, ut lay'd by playing on the Harp; & ad bellum progreffui & item for which Reafon Homer gives receptui canatur; cantu & exci-him nothing elfe out of the tante & rurfus fedante virtutem: Spoils of Eëtion: Damon by dat fomnos adimitque; nec non Mufick reclaim'd wild and druncuras & immittit & retrahit: ken Youths to Sobriety and iram fuggerit, clementiam fua- Temperance, and Afclepiades det, corporum quoque morbis reduc'd even feditious Multitudes medetur: And all who are con- to Temper and Reafon. And verfant among Authours, meet thus too thefe effeminate Priests with fo many Instances of the a- of Cybele were animated by mazing Effects of Harmony,that their Phrygian Airs to cut and there is no room to doubt of the hack their own Flefh, as our Truth of them. Timotheus by Poet obferves of them v. 594. Mufick enflam'd Alexander to Many more Examples of this what Degrees he pleas'd, and Nature may be seen in Gronovicool'd him again as eafily: which us, Lib. II. Obfervation. cap. I. Dryden defcribing fays admira-Nor is it wonderful that fuddain Paffions should be rais'd and fup bly; prefsid 143 prefs'd by Mufick; (for which the Experiments of which are too Reason Pindar fays to his Harp, notorious to be deny'd or eluded; * αίχματον κεραυνὸν σβέννυεις, and therefore afford a probable thou quencheft the raging Thun- Argument, that other Diseases der) but that it fhould cure fetl'd might naturally be expell'd fo Diseases in the Body, is what we too; but that we have either loft fhould hardly believe, if we had or not yet found out the Art. not both human and divine Te- For the Explication of the Reaftimony for it. Plin. lib. 28. fon of thefe furprizing Effects of cap. 1. Dixit Homerus proflu- Mufick, the Magicians fly to vium fanguinis vulnerato femore their Calcodea; the Platonifts | Ulyffem inhibuiffe Carmine: to their Anima Mundi; the Theophraftus Ifchiadicos fanari : Rabbies to Fables and Prodigies Cato prodidit luxatis membris too trivial to deferve repeating. carmen auxiliari, Mar. Varro Baptifta Porta, in his Natural podagris. Where the Word Car Magick, feems to afcribe it to men must be understood as the magical Power of the Inftrujoin'd with Mufical Notes. For ment, rather than of the Mufick: the Cure of the Sciatica, Theo- for he fays, that Madness is to be phraftus commends the Phrygian cur'd by the Harmony of a Pipe Mufick upon the Pipe; and made of Hellebore; because the A. Gellius for giving Eafe to it, Juice of that Plant is held good ut memoriæ proditum eft, fays for the fame Purpofe: and the he, as it is reported. Apollonius Sciatica, by a mufical Inftrument in his Book de Miris, peaks to made of Poplar; because of the this Purpose: It deferves Admi- Virtue of the Oil, that is extraration, what Theophraftus cted from that Tree, in mitigawrites in his Treatife of Enthufi- ting thofe Kinds of Pains. But afm, that Mufick cures many thefe, and many fympathetical Paffions and Diseases both of the Experiments are fo falfe, that we Mind and Body. Καθάπερ λειhave Reafon to wonder at the ποθυμίας, φόβες, καὶ τὰς ἐπὶ μα- of there that report them. Picus Negligence, or rather Impudence Egy fias & Agrolas insa-Mirand. fays, That Mufick σεις, ἰάσαι τὰ φησὶν ἡ καταύλησις moves the Spirits to act upon the κ ἰχιάδα και ἐπιληψίαν. And the Soul, as Medicines do to operate fame Authour witneffes, that upon the Body; and that it cures many in his Time, efpecially the the Body by the Soul, as Phyfick Thebans, us'd the Pipe for the does the Soul by the Body. But Cure of feveral Difeafes: and the true natural Reason may be, this Galen calls καταυλῶν τὸ τόπο, that in the fame Manner as mu fuper loco affecto tibia canere, or fical Sounds move the outward loča dolentia decantare. So Ze-Air, fo that does the inward, and nocrates is faid to have cur'd Madmen, Tarpander and Arion divers other Maladies: But were it not for the Example of David, (which we find in 1.Sam. 16.) Whofe Lyre did Saul's wild Rage controul, And tun'd the harsh Disorders of his Soul, we fhould hardly be convinc'd of this Phyfick, unless in the particular Cure of the Tarantifm ; that moves the Spirits, and they the Humours, which are the Seats of Difeafes, by Condenfation, Rarefaction, Diffipation or Expulfion of Vapours, and by vertue of the Sympathy of Proportion, which allies them to Man. Thus they our Souls, thus they our Bodies win, Not by their Force, but Party that's within: Thus They carry ARMS, thofe dreadful Signs of War, NOTES. Thus the ftrange Cure, on our Thus when two Brethren Strings With Ev'n Beauty Mufick is, tho' in Too fine to touch the Ear, it And through them to the Soul We only can admire, but can not Nor is the Power of Numbers By them all Humours yield, all Paffions bow, Mimick in Brafs, or with mix'd But for the producing of the de- Mufick the mightyArtist Man As long as that has Numbers, As much as Man can those 587. They carry Arms, &c.] With thefe Arms they did not only terrify and ftrike a Dread into the common People, but fometimes flightly wounded themselves: Hence the Poet fays, V. 594. that they Look dreadful gay in their own fparkling Blood. 590. And Health, &c] This Verfe contains a moft fharp Invective and Derifion. This Great Mother; a rough Stone, unpolifh'd by Art, and not much gi-. ven to tattle, did no doubt a world of Good; but even she her felf kept filent the Benefits the bestow'd, Lucretius fays: Mu |