to be exercised within the limits and in the manner provided by law. (Rev. Stats. sec. 630.)

The circuit court of the United States has jurisdiction of a suit to relieve an estate in bankruptcy from a fraudulent judgment. It may grant an injunction in favor of an assignee in bankruptcy against proceedings on a fraudulent judgment against the bankrupt in a State court."

1 Lehman v. La Forge, 42 Fed. Rep. 193.

2 Lehman v. La Forge, 42 Fed. Rep. 493.

§ 10.

Suits by or against banking associations.-Jurisdiction is conferred on the Federal courts of all suits by or against any banking association established in the district for which the court is held, under any law providing for national banking associations. (Rev. Stats. sec.

629, cl. 10.)

Note. This subdivision of the Revised Statutes, sec. 629, was not repealed by the act of 1875; but it was repealed by the proviso in sec. 4 of chapter 290 U. S. Stats. 1881-82.2

1 Third Nat. Bank v. Harrison, 8 Fed. Rep. 721. 2 National Bank v. Fore, 25 Fed. Rep. 209.

§ 11. To enjoin comptroller of currency or receiver. Of all suits brought by any banking association established in the district for which the court is held, under the provisions of title "The National Banks," to enjoin the comptroller of the currency, or any receiver acting under his directions, as provided by said title. [See sec. 5237.] (Rev. Stats. sec. 629, cl. 11.)

§ 12. Suits arising under provisions of revenue law. All suits at law or in equity arising under any act providing for revenue from imports or tonnage, except civil causes of admiralty

and maritime jurisdiction, and seizures on land or on waters not within admiralty and maritime jurisdiction, and except suits for penalties and forfeitures; of all causes arising under any law providing internal revenue, and of all causes arising under the postal laws. (Rev. Stats., sec. 629, cl. 4.)

Note. This clause was not repealed by the act of March 3, 1875, or by the act of March 3, 1887, and these courts have jurisdiction, although the amount in dispute is less than $2,000. The old law in section 629 gave jurisdiction of all suits arising under the revenue, internal revenue, or postal laws. The act of 1887 conferred jurisdiction, without reference to special subjects. The latter provision does not repeal by implication the grant of jurisdiction over the special subjects mentioned in the dependent clauses of the original statute. Suits in rem for forfeitures for violations of the internal revenue laws are within the original jurisdiction of the circuit court.3

1 Ames v. Hagar, 13 Sawy. 473.

2 United States v. Shaw, 39 Fed. Rep. 433. 3 Coffey v. United States, 116 U. S. 427.

§ 13. Suits by assignee of debenture.Of all suits by the assignee of any debenture for drawback of duties, issued under any law for the collection of duties against the person to whom such debenture was originally granted, or against any indorser thereof, to recover the amount of such debenture. [See sec. 3039.] (Rev. Stats., sec. 629, cl. 8.)

§ 14. For injury done in protection or collection of revenue.—Of all suits brought by any person to recover damages for any injury to his person or property on account of any act done by him, under any law of the United States for the protection or collection of any of the rev

enues thereof, or to enforce the right of citizens of the United States to vote in the several States. (Rev. Stats. sec. 629, cl. 12.)

§ 15. Suits for collection of taxes.-Of all suits for taxes brought in the name of the United States. (Rev. Stats. sec. 3213.)

§ 16. Suits for redress, for deprivation of rights, privileges or immunities of citizens. Of all suits authorized by law to be brought by any person to redress the deprivation, under color of any law, statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage of any State, of any right, privilege, or immunity, secured by the Constitution of the United States, or of any right secured by any law providing for equal rights of citizens of the United States, or of all persons within the jurisdiction of the United States. (Rev. Stats. sec. 629, cl. 16, 17, 18. See Miller v. Mayor of New York, 13 Blatchf. 469; Illinois v. Chicago etc. R. Co., 6 Biss. 107.)

§17. For injury to person or property by any act in furtherance of a conspiracy. Of all suits authorized by law to be brought by any person on account of any injury to his person or property, or of the deprivation of any right or privilege of a citizen of the United States, by any act done in furtherance of any conspiracy mentioned in section nineteen hundred and eighty, title "Civil Rights." [Sec. 1980.] (Rev. Stats. sec. 629, cl. 17, 18. See Blyew v. U. S., 13 Wall. 581.)

§ 18. For any injury to civil rights.Of all suits authorized by law to be brought against

any person, who, having knowledge that any of the wrongs mentioned in section nineteen hundred and eighty [for the protection of civil rights] are about to be done, and, having power to prevent or aid in preventing the same, neglects or refuses so to do, to recover damages for any such wrongful act. (See sec. 1981 Rev. Stats., sec. 629, cl. 18.)

$ 19. Suits to recover possession of an office. Of all suits to recover possession of any office, except that of elector of President or VicePresident, representative or delegate in Congress, or member of the State legislature, authorized by law to be brought, wherein it appears that the sole question touching the title to such office arises out of the denial of the right to vote to any citizen offering to vote, on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude; provided, that such jurisdiction shall extend only so far as to determine the rights of the parties to such office, by reason of the denial of the right guaranteed by the Constitution of the United States, and secured by any law to enforce the right of citizens of the United States to vote in all the States. (See sec. 2010 Rev. Stats., sec. 629, cl. 13.)

§ 20. Proceedings by writ of quo warranto.—Of all proceedings by the writ of quo warranto, prosecuted by any district attorney, for the removal from office of any person holding office, except as a member of Congress or of a State legislature, contrary to the provisions of the third section of the fourteenth article of amendment of the Constitution of the United States. (See sec. 1786 Rev. Stats., sec. 629, cl. 14.)

§ 21. To enforce right of citizens to vote. Of all suits to recover pecuniary forfeitures under any act to enforce the right of citizens of the United States to vote in the several States. Rev. Stats. sec. 629, cl. 15. (See U. S. v. Reese, 92 U. S. 214; U. S. v. Cruikshank, 92 U. S. 542.)

§ 22. For violation of Act to Regulate Interstate Commercc. Of all proceedings for violation of the act passed to regulate interstate commerce. (24 U. S. Stats. 379, as amended March 2, 1889; 25 U. S. Stats. 855, and Feb. 10, 1891, 26 U. S. Stats. 743.)

A civil action for violations of the Interstate Commerce Act can be brought only in the district whereof defendant is an "inhabitant," as jurisdiction is not dependent on citizenship.'

1 Connor v. Vicksburg & M. R. Co., 2 Interstate Com. Rep. 177

§ 23. To enforce penalties under Passenger Laws. Of all suits and proceedings for the enforcement of any penalties provided by laws regulating the carriage of passengers in merchant vessels. [See sec. 4270.] (Rev. Stat. sec. 629, cl. 5.)

§ 24. For violation of Act against Trade Monopolies.— Of suits to prevent and restrain violations of the act to protect trade and commerce against unlawful restraints and monopolies. (26 U. S. Stats. 209.)

§ 25. For penalties and forfeitures under Merchant Seamen's Act.-Of actions for the recovery of penalties and forfeitures