number of persons who shall obstruct him in the performance of his duties shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be fined in any sum not less than two (2) dollars nor more than ten (10) dollars.

Penalty.

SEC. 7. Any person, firm, copartnership, company, corporation, or school official, violating any of the provisions contained in section one of this act shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be fined in any sum not less than ten (10) dollars nor more than one hundred (100) dollars.

[H. 494. Approved March 14, 1913.]

Schools Sanitary Buildings.

SECTION 1. Be it enacted by the general assembly of the State of Indiana, That section one (1) of the above entitled act be amended to read as follows: Section 1. That after the going into effect of this act all schoolhouses which shall be constructed or remodeled shall be constructed in accordance and conform to the following sanitary principles, to wit:

(a) Sites. All sites shall be dry, and such drainage as may be necessary to secure and maintain dry grounds and dry buildings, shall be selected and supplied. Said site and said buildings shall not be nearer than 500 feet to steam railroads, livery stables, horse, mule or cattle barn used for breeding purposes or any noise-making industry or any unhealthful conditions. And when such school building or school site is so located and established no livery stable, horse, mule or cattle barn used for breeding purposes, or any noise-making industry or any unhealthful conditions shall thereafter be constructed, erected or maintained within 500 feet of any school building, school site or school grounds. Good dry walks shall lead from the street or road to every schoolhouse and to all outhouses, and suitable playgrounds shall be provided.

(b) Buildings. School buildings if of brick shall have a stone foundation, or the foundation may be of brick or concrete: Provided, A layer of slate, stone or other impervious material be interposed above the ground line, or the

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foundation may be of vitrified brick and the layer of impervious material will not be required. Every two-story schoolhouse shall have a dry, well-lighted basement under the entire building, said basement to have cement or concrete floor, and ceiling to be not less than ten feet above the floor level. The ground floor of all schoolhouses shall be raised at least three feet above the ground level and have, when possible, dry well-lighted basement under the entire building and shall have solid foundation of brick, tile, stone or concrete, and the area between the ground and the floor shall be thoroughly ventilated. Each pupil shall be provided with not less than 225 cubic feet of space, and the interior walls and the ceiling shall be either painted or tinted some neutral color, as gray, slate, buff or green.

(c) Lighting and Seating. All schoolrooms where pupils are seated for study shall be lighted from one side only, and the glass area shall be not less than one-sixth of the floor area, and the windows shall extend from not less than four feet from the floor to at least one foot from the ceiling, all windows to be provided with roller or adjustable shades of neutral color, as blue, gray, slate, buff or green. Desks and desk seats shall preferably be adjustable and at least twenty per cent. of all desks and desk seats in each room shall be adjustable and shall be so placed that the light shall fall over the left shoulders of the pupils. For left-handed pupils desks and seats may be placed so as to permit the light to fall over the right shoulder.

(d) Blackboards and Cloakrooms. Blackboards shall be preferably of slate, but of whatever material, the color shall be a dead black. Cloakrooms, well lighted, warmed and ventilated, or sanitary lockers, shall be provided for each study schoolroom.

(e) Water Supply and Drinking Arrangements. All schoolhouses shall be supplied with pure drinking water, and the water supply shall be from driven wells or other sources approved by the health authorities. Only smooth, stout glass or enameled metal drinking cups shall be used; water buckets and tin drinking cups shall be unlawful and are forbidden; and whenever it is practicable, flowing sanitary drinking fountains which do not require drinking cups shall be provided. All schoolhouse wells and pumps shall

be supplied with troughs or drains to take away waste water, and under no conditions shall pools or sodden places or small or large mudholes be allowed to exist near a well. When water is not supplied at pumps or from water faucets or sanitary drinking fountains then covered tanks or coolers supplied with spring or self-closing faucets shall be provided.

(f) Heating and Ventilation. All school houses hereafter constructed or remodeled, shall be supplied with heating and ventilating systems. Fresh air shall be taken from outside the building and properly diffused without draughts, through each school room during school session. Each school room shall be supplied with foul air flues of ample size to withdraw the foul air therefrom at a minimum rate of eighteen hundred cubic feet per hour for each two hundred and twenty-five (225) cubic feet of said school room space, regardless of outside atmospheric conditions; and heaters of all kinds shall be capable of maintaining a temperature of 70 degrees Fahrenheit in all school rooms, halls, office rooms, laboratories and manual training rooms, in all kinds of weather, and maintaining in each school room a relative humidity of not less than forty per cent: Provided, That when artificial ventilation, by use of fan or blower, is adopted, the provision as to entrance of fresh air shall be from outside of the building.

It is hereby made lawful for any township trustee, board of school trustees- and boards of school commissioners to establish and maintain open air schools, and when such open air schools are established the provisions of this act governing heating and ventilation shall not apply to such open air school rooms.

Water-closets, or

(g) Water-Closets and Outhouses. dry closets when provided, shall be efficient and sanitary in every particular and furnished with stalls for each hopper or place; and when said water or dry closets are not provided, then sanitary outhouses, well separated for the sexes, shall be provided. Good dry walks shall lead to all outhouses and screens or shields be built in front of them. Outhouses for males shall have urinals arranged with stalls. and with conduits of galvanized iron, vitrified drain pipe, or other impervious material, draining into a sewer vault

or other suitable place approved by the health authorities. Any agent, person, firm or corporation, selling, trading or giving to any township trustee, school trustee or board of school commissioners, any materials, supplies, sanitary apparatus or systems, which when constructed or remodeled or installed, in or for any school house, hereafter constructed or remodeled, which does not in all respects comply with the provisions of this act, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof, shall be fined in any sum not more than five hundred ($500.00) dollars, to which may be added imprisonment in the county jail for any determinate period not more than six (6) months and shall be punished by a further fine of not less than five ($5.00) dollars for each day he shall fail to comply with any order of any court having jurisdiction for the correction of any such defects in such school houses hereafter constructed or remodeled; and any money claim for the construction or remodeling, or for any materials, supplies, sanitary apparatus or systems furnished or constructed in or for any school house hereafter constructed or remodeled, which does not in every way and in all respects comply with the requirements of this act, shall be null and void.

[H. 759. Approved March 13, 1913.]

Schools-Old School Buildings-Tearing Down.

SECTION 1. Be it enacted by the general assembly of the State of Indiana, That whenever any city or town having title to real estate by purchase gift or otherwise, for school purposes within such city or town, upon which real estate there is situate a public school-building or other buildings, connected therewith, which are in bad repair or otherwise insufficient to meet the necessary requirements for the full enjoyment and advancement of proper educational uses and activities, and should it now, or hereafter, be deemed by said board of trustees necessary for said school city or school town to tear down or otherwise remove such schoolbuilding or buildings connected therewith, and in lieu of the use of them or any one of them construct new public schoolbuildings or other buildings connected therewith, upon the real estate occupied by said old and insufficient school build

ing or other buildings connected therewith, the trustees of school cities of incorporated cities and trustees of school towns of incorporated towns of the State of Indiana, are hereby authorized and empowered to tear down or otherwise remove any such old and insufficient school-building or other buildings connected therewith, for the purpose of erecting upon said real estate a new school-building, or other buildings connected therewith in lieu of those removed or torn down.

Sale of Old Buildings-Use of Old Material.

SEC. 2. Boards of trustees of school cities and boards of trustees of school towns are hereby authorized, should said board of trustees deem it most advantageous to said school city or school town to do so, to sell at private sale said old and insufficient school-building or other buildings connected therewith in all cases where it is necessary in order to meet the requirements for the enjoyment and advancement of proper educational uses and activities, to erect new school-buildings, or other buildings connected therewith upon the real estate occupied by said old and insufficient school-building or buildings. Before the sale of any such building or buildings shall be authorized however, said board of school trustees shall cause said building or buildings to be appraised at a fair cash value by two reputable resident householders and freeholders of the school city or school town offering said building or buildings for sale, and said appraisement shall be made under oath and spread of record upon the records of said board of trustees, and no sale shall be made for less than the appraised value, and for cash, and the same shall be applied to the payment of the cost of the new building or buildings proposed to be constructed. The board of trustees as aforesaid, shall also cause a notice to be given reciting therein the terms, time and place of sale, and a general description of the building or buildings to be sold by publishing the same once each week for a period of two consecutive weeks in some newspaper of general circulation printed and published in the city or town where said building or buildings are for sale. If no such newspaper be published in said city or town, then by publishing said notice for a like period of time in any