The History of England from the Invasion of Julius Caesar, to the Revolution in 1688, Том 2Christie & Son; Baldwin & Company; Sharpe & Son; Akerman; Smith & Company ... [and 40 others], 1819 |
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ancient animosity appeared archbishop arms army attended authority barons bishop bishops of Winchester boroughs brother castle charter chief Chron church civil clergy conduct conquest council court of Rome crown dangerous death defend dominions Dunst earl of Cornwal earl of Gloucester earl of Leicester ecclesiastical Edward enemy England English enterprise Exch excommunication extorted father favour feudal force foreign French gave granted Guienne hands Heming Henry Henry's homage honour Hoveden Hubert de Burgh John justice justiciary king of England king of France king's kingdom knights land legate levied Lewis liberty London lord Madox Hist Matt military monarch nation nobility nobleman oath obliged oppressions Paris parliament party person Philip pope possessed prelates pretended prince prisoner provisions of Oxford received reign revenue Richard royal Rymer Scotland Scots scutage seemed sent soon sovereign subjects summoned superior Trivet vassals violence Walsing Warrenne Waverl Wykes
Популарни одломци
Страница 117 - This famous deed, commonly called the " Great Charter," either granted or secured very important liberties and privileges to every order of men in the kingdom: to the clergy, to the barons, and to the people.
Страница 120 - No freeman shall be taken or imprisoned, or dispossessed of his free tenement and liberties, or outlawed, or banished, or anywise hurt or injured, unless by the legal judgment of his peers or by the law of the land ; and all who suffered otherwise in this or the two former reigns shall be restored to their rights and possessions. Every freeman shall be fined in proportion to his fault; and no fine shall be levied on him to his utter ruin ; even a villein or rustic shall not by any fine be bereaved...
Страница 76 - It was during the crusades, that the custom of using coats of arms was first introduced into Europe. The knights, cased up in armour, had no way to make themselves be known and distinguished in battle, but by the devices on their shields ; and these were gradually adopted by their posterity and families, who were proud of the pious and military enterprises of their ancestors.
Страница 120 - London, and all cities and burghs, shall preserve their ancient liberties, immunities, and free customs : aids shall not be required of them but by the consent of the great council : no towns or individuals shall be obliged to make or support bridges but by ancient custom : the goods of every freeman shall be disposed of according to his will : if he die intestate, his heirs shall succeed to them. No officer of the crown shall take any horses, carts, or wood, without the consent of the owner.
Страница 45 - ... everywhere into the hands of the Jews ; who, being already infamous on account of their religion, had no honour to lose, and were apt to exercise a profession, odious in itself, by every kind of rigour, and even sometimes by rapine and extortion. The industry and frugality of this people had put them in possession of all the ready money, which the idleness and profusion common to the English with other European nations, enabled them to lend at exorbitant and unequal interest.
Страница 347 - ... gentlemen, whom Robert treated with great humanity, and whose ransom was a new accession of wealth to the victorious army. The king himself narrowly escaped, by taking shelter in Dunbar, whose gates were opened to him by the earl of March ; and he thence passed by sea to Berwick. Such was the great and decisive battle of Bannockburn, which secured the independence of Scotland, fixed Bruce on the throne of that kingdom, and may be deemed the greatest overthrow that the English nation, since the...
Страница 146 - So far the nature of a general council or ancient parliament is determined without any doubt or controversy. The only question seems to be with regard to the commons, or the representatives of counties and boroughs ; whether they were also, in more early times, constituent parts of parliament. This question was once disputed in England with great acrimony ; but such is the force of time and evidence, that they can sometimes prevail even over faction ; and the question seems, by general consent, and...
Страница 104 - The next gradation of papal sentences was to absolve John's subjects from their oaths of fidelity and allegiance, and to declare every one excommunicated who had any commerce with him, in public or in private; at his table, in his council, or even in private conversation:**** and this sentence was accordingly, with all imaginable solemnity-, pronounced against him.
Страница 146 - ... times, constituent parts of parliament. This question was once disputed in England with great acrimony; but such is the force of time and evidence, that they can sometimes prevail even over faction; and the question seems, by general consent, and even by their own, to be at last determined against the ruling party. It is agreed, that the commons were no part of the great council till some ages after the conquest; and that the military tenants alone of the crown composed that supreme and legislative...
Страница 155 - Conqueror ordained, that the barons should be obliged to pay nothing beyond their stated services', except a reasonable aid to ransom his person if he were taken in war, to make his eldest son a knight, and to marry his eldest daughter. What should, on these occasions, be deemed a reasonable aid, was not determined; and the demands of the crown were so far discretionary.